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Diff for /loncom/homework/radiobuttonresponse.pm between versions 1.56 and 1.153.6.10

version 1.56, 2002/10/17 14:40:23 version 1.153.6.10, 2012/02/05 16:11:57
Line 18 Line 18
 # GNU General Public License for more details.  # GNU General Public License for more details.
 #  #
 # You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License  # You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
 # along with LON-CAPA; if not, write to the Free Software  # along with LON-CAPA; if not, write to the Free Software# Foundation, Inc., 59 Temple Place, Suite 330, Boston, MA  02111-1307  USA
 # Foundation, Inc., 59 Temple Place, Suite 330, Boston, MA  02111-1307  USA  
 #  #
 # /home/httpd/html/adm/gpl.txt  # /home/httpd/html/adm/gpl.txt
 #  #
 # http://www.lon-capa.org/  # http://www.lon-capa.org/
 #  #
 # 2/21 Guy  
   
 package Apache::radiobuttonresponse;  package Apache::radiobuttonresponse;
 use strict;  use strict;
 use HTML::Entities();  use HTML::Entities();
   use Apache::lonlocal;
   use Apache::lonnet;
   use Apache::response;
   use Apache::caparesponse;
   
   my $default_bubbles_per_line = 10;
   my @alphabet      = ( 'A' .. 'Z' ); # Foil labels.
   
   
   
 BEGIN {  BEGIN {
   &Apache::lonxml::register('Apache::radiobuttonresponse',('radiobuttonresponse'));      &Apache::lonxml::register( 'Apache::radiobuttonresponse',
           ('radiobuttonresponse') );
   }
   
   #---------------------------------------------------------------------------
   #
   #  Generic utility subs.
   
   sub bubble_line_count {
       my ( $numfoils, $bubbles_per_line ) = @_;
       my $bubble_lines;
       $bubble_lines = int( $numfoils / $bubbles_per_line );
       if ( ( $numfoils % $bubbles_per_line ) != 0 ) {
           $bubble_lines++;
       }
       return $bubble_lines;
   
 }  }
   
   
   #------------------------------------------------------------------------------
   #
   #  XML handlers.
 sub start_radiobuttonresponse {  sub start_radiobuttonresponse {
   my ($target,$token,$tagstack,$parstack,$parser,$safeeval,$style)=@_;      my ( $target, $token, $tagstack, $parstack, $parser, $safeeval, $style ) =
   my $result;        @_;
   #when in a radiobutton response use these      my $result;
   &Apache::lonxml::register('Apache::radiobuttonresponse',('foilgroup','foil','conceptgroup'));  
   push (@Apache::lonxml::namespace,'radiobuttonresponse');      #when in a radiobutton response use these
   my $id = &Apache::response::start_response($parstack,$safeeval);      &Apache::lonxml::register( 'Apache::radiobuttonresponse',
   if ($target eq 'meta') {          ( 'foilgroup', 'foil', 'conceptgroup' ) );
     $result=&Apache::response::meta_package_write('radiobuttonresponse');      push( @Apache::lonxml::namespace, 'radiobuttonresponse' );
   } elsif ($target eq 'edit' ) {      my $id = &Apache::response::start_response( $parstack, $safeeval );
     $result.=&Apache::edit::start_table($token).  
  '<tr><td>'.&Apache::lonxml::description($token)."</td><td>Delete:".      %Apache::hint::radiobutton = ();
  &Apache::edit::deletelist($target,$token)      undef(%Apache::response::foilnames);
  ."</td><td>&nbsp".&Apache::edit::end_row()      if ( $target eq 'meta' ) {
         .&Apache::edit::start_spanning_row();          $result = &Apache::response::meta_package_write('radiobuttonresponse');
       }
     $result.=      elsif ( $target eq 'edit' ) {
  &Apache::edit::text_arg('Max Number Of Shown Foils:','max',$token,'4').          $result .=
  &Apache::edit::select_arg('Randomize Foil Order','randomize',              &Apache::edit::start_table($token)
   ['yes','no'],$token).            . '<tr><td>'
         &Apache::edit::end_row().&Apache::edit::start_spanning_row()."\n";            . &Apache::lonxml::description($token)
   } elsif ($target eq 'modified') {            . &Apache::loncommon::help_open_topic('Radio_Response_Problems')
     my $constructtag=&Apache::edit::get_new_args($token,$parstack,            . '</td>'
  $safeeval,'max','randomize');            . '<td><span class="LC_nobreak">'
     if ($constructtag) { $result = &Apache::edit::rebuild_tag($token); }            . &mt('Delete?') . ' '
   } elsif ($target eq 'tex') {            . &Apache::edit::deletelist( $target, $token )
       $result .= '\begin{enumerate}';            . '</span></td>'
   }            . '<td>&nbsp;'
   return $result;            . &Apache::edit::end_row()
             . &Apache::edit::start_spanning_row();
           $result .= &Apache::edit::text_arg( 'Max Number Of Shown Foils:',
               'max', $token, '4' )
             . '&nbsp;' x 3
             . &Apache::edit::select_arg( 'Randomize Foil Order:',
               'randomize', [ 'yes', 'no' ], $token )
             . '&nbsp;' x 3
             . &Apache::edit::select_arg(
               'Display Direction:', 'direction',
               [ 'vertical', 'horizontal' ], $token
             )
             . &Apache::edit::end_row()
             . &Apache::edit::start_spanning_row() . "\n";
       }
       elsif ( $target eq 'modified' ) {
           my $constructtag =
             &Apache::edit::get_new_args( $token, $parstack, $safeeval, 'max',
               'randomize', 'direction' );
           if ($constructtag) { $result = &Apache::edit::rebuild_tag($token); }
       }
       elsif ( $target eq 'tex' ) {
           my $type =
             &Apache::lonxml::get_param( 'TeXtype', $parstack, $safeeval, undef,
               0 );
           if ( $type eq '1' ) {
               $result .= ' \renewcommand{\labelenumi}{\arabic{enumi}.}';
           }
           elsif ( $type eq 'A' ) {
               $result .= ' \renewcommand{\labelenumi}{\Alph{enumi}.}';
           }
           elsif ( $type eq 'a' ) {
               $result .= ' \renewcommand{\labelenumi}{\alph{enumi}.}';
           }
           elsif ( $type eq 'i' ) {
               $result .= ' \renewcommand{\labelenumi}{\roman{enumi}.}';
           }
           else {
               $result .= ' \renewcommand{\labelenumi}{\Alph{enumi}.}';
           }
   
       }
       elsif ( $target eq 'analyze' ) {
           my $part_id = "$Apache::inputtags::part.$id";
           $Apache::lonhomework::analyze{"$part_id.type"} = 'radiobuttonresponse';
           push( @{ $Apache::lonhomework::analyze{"parts"} }, $part_id );
       }
       return $result;
 }  }
   
 sub end_radiobuttonresponse {  sub end_radiobuttonresponse {
   my ($target,$token,$tagstack,$parstack,$parser,$safeeval,$style)=@_;      my ( $target, $token, $tagstack, $parstack, $parser, $safeeval, $style ) =
   my $result;        @_;
   if ($target eq 'edit') { $result=&Apache::edit::end_table(); }      my $result;
   if ($target eq 'tex') { $result .= '\end{enumerate}'; }      if ( $target eq 'edit' ) { $result = &Apache::edit::end_table(); }
   &Apache::response::end_response;  
   pop @Apache::lonxml::namespace;      &Apache::response::end_response;
   &Apache::lonxml::deregister('Apache::radiobuttonresponse',('foilgroup','foil','conceptgroup'));      pop @Apache::lonxml::namespace;
   return $result;      &Apache::lonxml::deregister( 'Apache::radiobuttonresponse',
           ( 'foilgroup', 'foil', 'conceptgroup' ) );
       undef(%Apache::response::foilnames);
       return $result;
 }  }
   
 %Apache::response::foilgroup=();  %Apache::response::foilgroup = ();
   
 sub start_foilgroup {  sub start_foilgroup {
   my ($target,$token,$tagstack,$parstack,$parser,$safeeval,$style)=@_;      my ( $target, $token, $tagstack, $parstack, $parser, $safeeval, $style ) =
   my $result;        @_;
   %Apache::response::foilgroup=();      %Apache::response::foilgroup               = ();
   $Apache::radiobuttonresponse::conceptgroup=0;      $Apache::radiobuttonresponse::conceptgroup = 0;
   &Apache::response::setrandomnumber();      &Apache::response::pushrandomnumber( undef, $target );
   if ($target eq 'tex' && $Apache::lonhomework::type eq 'exam') {      return;
       $result.='\item[\textbf{'.$Apache::lonxml::counter.'}.]';  
       $Apache::lonxml::counter++;  
       my %moreenv;  
       $moreenv{'form.counter'}=$Apache::lonxml::counter;  
       &Apache::lonnet::appenv(%moreenv);  
   }  
   return $result;  
 }  }
   
 sub storesurvey {  sub storesurvey {
   if ( !defined($ENV{'form.submitted'})) { return ''; }      my ($style) = @_;
   my $response = $ENV{'form.HWVAL'.$Apache::inputtags::response['-1']};      if ( !&Apache::response::submitted() ) { return ''; }
   &Apache::lonxml::debug("Here I am!:$response:");      my $response = $env{ 'form.HWVAL_' . $Apache::inputtags::response['-1'] };
   if ( $response !~ /[0-9]+/) { return ''; }      &Apache::lonxml::debug("Here I am!:$response:");
   my $id = $Apache::inputtags::response['-1'];      if ( $response !~ /[0-9]+/ ) { return ''; }
   my @whichfoils=@{ $Apache::response::foilgroup{'names'} };      my $part       = $Apache::inputtags::part;
   my %responsehash;      my $id         = $Apache::inputtags::response['-1'];
   $responsehash{$whichfoils[$response]}=$response;      my @whichfoils = @{ $Apache::response::foilgroup{'names'} };
   $Apache::lonhomework::results{"resource.$Apache::inputtags::part.$id.submission"}=&Apache::lonnet::hash2str(%responsehash);      my %responsehash;
   $Apache::lonhomework::results{"resource.$Apache::inputtags::part.$id.awarddetail"}='SUBMITTED';      $responsehash{ $whichfoils[$response] } = $response;
   &Apache::lonxml::debug("submitted a $response<br />\n");      my $responsestr = &Apache::lonnet::hash2str(%responsehash);
   return '';      $Apache::lonhomework::results{"resource.$part.$id.submission"} =
         $responsestr;
       my %previous =
         &Apache::response::check_for_previous( $responsestr, $part, $id );
       my $ad;
   
       if ( $style eq 'anonsurvey' ) {
           $ad = $Apache::lonhomework::results{"resource.$part.$id.awarddetail"} =
             'ANONYMOUS';
       }
       elsif ( $style eq 'anonsurveycred' ) {
           $ad = $Apache::lonhomework::results{"resource.$part.$id.awarddetail"} =
             'ANONYMOUS_CREDIT';
       }
       elsif ( $style eq 'surveycred' ) {
           $ad = $Apache::lonhomework::results{"resource.$part.$id.awarddetail"} =
             'SUBMITTED_CREDIT';
       }
       else {
           $ad = $Apache::lonhomework::results{"resource.$part.$id.awarddetail"} =
             'SUBMITTED';
       }
       &Apache::response::handle_previous( \%previous, $ad );
       &Apache::lonxml::debug("submitted a $response<br />\n");
       return '';
 }  }
   
 sub grade_response {  sub grade_response {
   my ($max,$randomize)=@_;      my ( $answer, $whichfoils, $bubbles_per_line ) = @_;
   #keep the random numbers the same must always call this  
   my ($answer,@whichfoils)=&whichfoils($max,$randomize);      if ( !&Apache::response::submitted() ) { return; }
   if (!defined($ENV{'form.submitted'})) { return; }      my $response;
   my $response = $ENV{'form.HWVAL'.$Apache::inputtags::response['-1']};  
   if ( $response !~ /[0-9]+/) { return; }      if ( $env{'form.submitted'} eq 'scantron' ) {
   my $part=$Apache::inputtags::part;          $response =
   my $id = $Apache::inputtags::response['-1'];            &Apache::response::getresponse( 1, undef,
   my %responsehash;              &bubble_line_count( scalar( @{$whichfoils} ), $bubbles_per_line ),
   $responsehash{$whichfoils[$response]}=$response;              $bubbles_per_line );
   my $responsestr=&Apache::lonnet::hash2str(%responsehash);  
   my %previous=&Apache::response::check_for_previous($responsestr,      }
      $part,$id);      else {
   $Apache::lonhomework::results{"resource.$part.$id.submission"}=          $response = $env{ 'form.HWVAL_' . $Apache::inputtags::response['-1'] };
     $responsestr;      }
   &Apache::lonxml::debug("submitted a $response<br />\n");  
   my $ad;      if ( $response !~ /[0-9]+/ ) { return; }
   if ($response == $answer) {      my $part = $Apache::inputtags::part;
     $ad='EXACT_ANS';      my $id   = $Apache::inputtags::response['-1'];
   } else {      my %responsehash;
     $ad='INCORRECT';      $responsehash{ $whichfoils->[$response] } = $response;
   }      my $responsestr = &Apache::lonnet::hash2str(%responsehash);
   $Apache::lonhomework::results{"resource.$part.$id.awarddetail"}=$ad;      my %previous =
   &Apache::response::handle_previous(\%previous,$ad);        &Apache::response::check_for_previous( $responsestr, $part, $id );
       $Apache::lonhomework::results{"resource.$part.$id.submission"} =
         $responsestr;
       &Apache::lonxml::debug("submitted a $response<br />\n");
       my $ad;
   
       if ( $response == $answer ) {
           $ad = 'EXACT_ANS';
       }
       else {
           $ad = 'INCORRECT';
       }
       $Apache::lonhomework::results{"resource.$part.$id.awarddetail"} = $ad;
       &Apache::response::handle_previous( \%previous, $ad );
 }  }
   
 sub end_foilgroup {  sub end_foilgroup {
   my ($target,$token,$tagstack,$parstack,$parser,$safeeval,$style)=@_;      my ( $target, $token, $tagstack, $parstack, $parser, $safeeval, $style ) =
         @_;
   
   my $result;      my $result;
   if ($target eq 'grade' || $target eq 'web' || $target eq 'answer' || $target eq 'tex') {      my $bubble_lines;
     my $style = $Apache::lonhomework::type;      my $answer_count;
     if ( $style eq 'survey' ) {      my $id               = $Apache::inputtags::response['-1'];
       if ($target eq 'web' || $target eq 'answer' || $target eq 'tex') {      my $part             = $Apache::inputtags::part;
  $result=&displayallfoils();      my $bubbles_per_line = &getbubblesnum( $part, $id );
       } elsif ( $target eq 'grade' ) {  
  $result=&storesurvey();  
       }      if (   $target eq 'grade'
     } else {          || $target eq 'web'
       my $name;          || $target eq 'answer'
       my $max = &Apache::lonxml::get_param('max',$parstack,$safeeval,'-2');          || $target eq 'tex'
       my $randomize = &Apache::lonxml::get_param('randomize',$parstack,          || $target eq 'analyze' )
  $safeeval,'-2');      {
       if ($target eq 'web' || $target eq 'tex') {          my $style = $Apache::lonhomework::type;
  $result=&displayfoils($target,$max,$randomize);          my $direction =
       } elsif ($target eq 'answer' ) {            &Apache::lonxml::get_param( 'direction', $parstack, $safeeval, '-2' );
  $result=&displayanswers($max,$randomize);          if (
       } elsif ( $target eq 'grade') {              (
  &grade_response($max,$randomize);                     ( $style eq 'survey' )
       }                  || ( $style eq 'surveycred' )
                   || ( $style eq 'anonsurvey' )
                   || ( $style eq 'anonsurveycred' )
               )
               && ( $target ne 'analyze' )
             )
           {
               if ( $target eq 'web' || $target eq 'tex' ) {
                   $result = &displayallfoils( $direction, $target );
               }
               elsif ( $target eq 'answer' ) {
                   $result = &displayallanswers();
               }
               elsif ( $target eq 'grade' ) {
                   $result = &storesurvey($style);
               }
               $answer_count =
                 scalar( @{ $Apache::response::foilgroup{'names'} } );
   
           }
           else {
   
               my $name;
               my $max =
                 &Apache::lonxml::get_param( 'max', $parstack, $safeeval, '-2' );
               my $randomize =
                 &Apache::lonxml::get_param( 'randomize', $parstack, $safeeval,
                   '-2' );
               my ( $answer, @shown ) = &whichfoils( $max, $randomize );
               $answer_count = scalar(@shown);
   
               if ( $target eq 'web' || $target eq 'tex' ) {
                   $result =
                     &displayfoils( $target, $answer, \@shown, $direction,
                       $bubbles_per_line );
               }
               elsif ( $target eq 'answer' ) {
                   $result =
                     &displayanswers( $answer, \@shown, $bubbles_per_line );
               }
               elsif ( $target eq 'grade' ) {
                   &grade_response( $answer, \@shown, $bubbles_per_line );
               }
               elsif ( $target eq 'analyze' ) {
                   my $bubble_lines =
                     &bubble_line_count( $answer_count, $bubbles_per_line );
                   &Apache::response::analyze_store_foilgroup( \@shown,
                       [ 'text', 'value', 'location' ] );
                   my $part_id = "$part.$id";
                   push(
                       @{ $Apache::lonhomework::analyze{"$part_id.options"} },
                       ( 'true', 'false' )
                   );
   
               }
           }
           $Apache::lonxml::post_evaluate = 0;
       }
       if ( $target eq 'web' ) {
           &Apache::response::setup_prior_tries_hash( \&format_prior_answer,
               [ \%Apache::response::foilgroup ] );
       }
       &Apache::response::poprandomnumber();
       $bubble_lines = &bubble_line_count( $answer_count, $bubbles_per_line );
       &Apache::lonxml::increment_counter( $bubble_lines, "$part.$id" );
       if ( $target eq 'analyze' ) {
           &Apache::lonhomework::set_bubble_lines();
     }      }
   }      return $result;
   return $result;  }
   
   sub getbubblesnum {
       my ( $part, $id ) = @_;
       my $bubbles_per_line;
       my $default_numbubbles = $default_bubbles_per_line;
       if (   ( $env{'form.bubbles_per_row'} =~ /^\d+$/ )
           && ( $env{'form.bubbles_per_row'} > 0 ) )
       {
           $default_numbubbles = $env{'form.bubbles_per_row'};
       }
       $bubbles_per_line = &Apache::response::get_response_param( $part . "_$id",
           'numbubbles', $default_numbubbles );
       return $bubbles_per_line;
 }  }
   
 sub getfoilcounts {  sub getfoilcounts {
   my @names;      my @names;
   my $truecnt=0;      my $truecnt  = 0;
   my $falsecnt=0;      my $falsecnt = 0;
   my $name;      my $name;
   if ( $Apache::response::foilgroup{'names'} ) {      if ( $Apache::response::foilgroup{'names'} ) {
     @names= @{ $Apache::response::foilgroup{'names'} };          @names = @{ $Apache::response::foilgroup{'names'} };
   }      }
   foreach $name (@names) {      foreach $name (@names) {
     if ($Apache::response::foilgroup{$name.'.value'} eq 'true') {          if ( $Apache::response::foilgroup{ $name . '.value' } eq 'true' ) {
       $truecnt++;              $truecnt++;
     } elsif ($Apache::response::foilgroup{$name.'.value'} eq 'false') {          }
       $falsecnt++;          elsif ( $Apache::response::foilgroup{ $name . '.value' } eq 'false' ) {
     }              $falsecnt++;
   }          }
   return ($truecnt,$falsecnt);      }
 }      return ( $truecnt, $falsecnt );
   }
 sub displayallfoils {  
   my $result;  sub format_prior_answer {
   &Apache::lonxml::debug("survey style display");      my ( $mode, $answer, $other_data ) = @_;
   my @names = @{ $Apache::response::foilgroup{'names'} };      my $foil_data = $other_data->[0];
   my $temp=0;      my %response  = &Apache::lonnet::str2hash($answer);
   my $id=$Apache::inputtags::response['-1'];      my ($name)    = keys(%response);
   my $part=$Apache::inputtags::part;      return
   my $lastresponse=$Apache::lonhomework::history{"resource.$part.$id.submission"};          '<span class="LC_prior_radiobutton">'
   my %lastresponse=&Apache::lonnet::str2hash($lastresponse);        . $foil_data->{ $name . '.text' }
   if (($Apache::lonhomework::history{"resource.$part.solved"} =~ /^correct/)  || ($Apache::inputtags::status[-1] eq  'SHOW_ANSWER')) {        . '</span>';
     foreach my $name (@names) {  
       if ($Apache::response::foilgroup{$name.'.value'} ne 'unused') {  }
  $result.="<br />".$Apache::response::foilgroup{$name.'.value'};  
  if ($Apache::response::foilgroup{$name.'.value'} eq 'true') {  ## 
   $result.='<b>';  # Return the last survey response.  The logic is slightly different than that of 
  }  # get_last_responses.  TODO: See if there are chunks of code betweenthis and
  $result .= $Apache::response::foilgroup{$name.'.text'};  # get_last_reponses that are common and can be factored.
  if ($Apache::response::foilgroup{$name.'.value'} eq 'true') {  #
   $result.='</b>';  # @param $part - Problem part under consideration.
   # @param $showanswer - True if answers should be shown.
   # @param $id         - Problem id.
   #
   # @return hash reference.
   # @retval reference to the has indexed by answer selection that 
   #         indicates the most recent answer.
   #
   sub get_last_survey_response {
       my ($part, $showanswer, $id) = @_;
   
       my $newvariation;
       my $lastresponse; # stringified last response.
   
       if (
           (
               (
                   $Apache::lonhomework::history{"resource.$part.type"} eq
                   'randomizetry'
               )
               || ( $Apache::lonhomework::type eq 'randomizetry' )
           )
           && ( $Apache::inputtags::status[-1] eq 'CAN_ANSWER' )
         )
       {
           if ( $env{ 'form.' . $part . '.rndseed' } ne
               $Apache::lonhomework::history{"resource.$part.rndseed"} )
           {
               $newvariation = 1;
           }
       }
       unless (
           (
               (
                   $Apache::lonhomework::history{"resource.$part.type"} eq
                   'anonsurvey'
               )
               || ( $Apache::lonhomework::history{"resource.$part.type"} eq
                   'anonsurveycred' )
           )
           && ( defined( $env{'form.grade_symb'} ) )
           || ( $newvariation && !$showanswer )
         )
       {
           $lastresponse =
             $Apache::lonhomework::history{"resource.$part.$id.submission"};
       }
       my %lastresponse = &Apache::lonnet::str2hash($lastresponse);
      
   
       return \%lastresponse;
   
   }
   ##
   # Removes the names from a foil group that are marked as unused.
   #
   # @param $names - reference to the array of names to filter.
   #
   # @return arrayref
   # @retval reference to the filtered array.
   #
   sub remove_unused {
       my ($names) = @_;
       my @result;
   
       foreach my $name (@{$names}) {
    if ($Apache::response::foilgroup{$name . '.value'} ne 'unused') {
       push(@result, $name);
  }   }
       }  
     }      }
   } else {      return \@result;
     foreach my $name (@names) {  }
       if ($Apache::response::foilgroup{$name.'.value'} ne 'unused') {  ## 
  $result.="<br /><input type=\"radio\" name=\"HWVAL$Apache::inputtags::response['-1']\" value=\"$temp\" ";  # Displays all foils in a survey type problem for HTML rendition.
  if (defined($lastresponse{$name})) { $result .= 'checked="on"'; }  # TODO: See if there is any logic in this sub that can be shared
  $result .= '>'.$Apache::response::foilgroup{$name.'.text'}."</input>\n";  #      with display_foils_html
   #
   # @param $names        - ref to array of names of the foils to display.
   # @param $part         - Problem part number.
   # @param $showanswer   - If true, show the answers.
   # @param $lastresponse - Ref to the last response hash.
   # @param $direction    - Display direction of the radiobuttons.
   #
   # @return string
   # @retval HTML required to display the resource in a browser.
   #
   sub display_survey_html {
       my ($names, $part, $showanswer, $lastresponse, $direction) = @_;
       my $result;
   
       # Figure out a few fragments of html that depend onthe 
       # orientation of the radiobuttons:
       # closing_html - HTML to emit at the end of the resource.
       # pre_foil     - HTML to emit prior to each foil.
       # post_foil    - HTML to emit following each foil.
       #
       #  The opening HTML is just added to the $result now
       #
       #  Figuring these outin advance compresses the loop over foils into something
       #  pretty simple:
       #
       # NOTE: There's probably a really cool way to do this with style sheets
       #       and picking the selector based on the orientation, if someone wants to puzzle
       #       that out.  In that case, probably the whole thing lives in a <div> and each
       #       foil lives in a <p>
       #
   
   
       my ($opening_html, $closing_html, $pre_foil, $post_foil) = 
    &html_direction_fragments($direction);
   
       $result = $opening_html;
   
       # Different rendering depending on whether answers are shown:
       # I played with different factorings but this seems the most concise/clear...
       # although I don't like the $showanswer conditino inside the loop.  Other things I tried
       #  - two loops..much longer code..no gain in clarity.
       #  - Using a visitor patttern passing it the rendering code chunklets and
       #    an anonymous hash reference for state data etc. Very cool but
       #    quite a bit more code and quite a bit less clear.
       
       my $temp = 0;
       foreach my $name (@{$names}) {
    $result .= $pre_foil;
   
    if ($showanswer) {
       my $foiltext =  $Apache::response::foilgroup{$name . '.text'};
   
       # Bold the prior  response:
   
       if (defined($lastresponse->{$name})) {
    $result .= '<b>' . $foiltext . '</b>';
       } else {
    $result .= $foiltext;
       }
    } else {
       $result .= &html_radiobutton(
    $part, $Apache::inputtags::response['-1'], $name, $lastresponse, $temp
        );
    }
   
    $result .= $post_foil;
  $temp++;   $temp++;
       }  
     }      }
   }  
   return $result;  
       $result .= $closing_html;
       return $result;
   
 }  }
   
 sub whichfoils {  ##
   my ($max,$randomize)=@_;  #  Generate LaTeX for surveys.
   #  
   #   @param $names - names of the foils to display.
   #   @param $showanswer - flag that is true to display answers.
   #   @param $lastresponse - Reference to a hash the indicates the last response.
   #   @param $direction    - Orientation of foils ('horiztonal' or otherwise).
   #   @param $venv         - LaTeX name for vertical env.
   #
   #   @return string
   #   @retval LaTeX rendering of the survey question.
   
   my @truelist;  sub latex_survey {
   my @falselist;      my ($names, $showanswer, $lastresponse, $direction, $venv) = @_;
   my @whichfalse =();  
   my ($truecnt,$falsecnt) = &getfoilcounts();      my $result;
   my $count=0;  
   # we will add in 1 of the true statements  
   if (($falsecnt+1)>$max) { $count=$max } else { $count=$falsecnt+1; }   
   my $answer=int(&Math::Random::random_uniform() * ($count));  
   &Apache::lonxml::debug("Count is $count, $answer is $answer");      if ($showanswer) {
   my @names;  
   if ( $Apache::response::foilgroup{'names'} ) {   $result .= "\\begin{$venv}";
       @names= @{ $Apache::response::foilgroup{'names'} };   foreach my $name (@{$names}) {
   }      
   if (&Apache::response::showallfoils()) {      
       @whichfalse=@names;      $result .= '\item \vskip -2mm ';
   } elsif ($randomize eq 'no') {      
       &Apache::lonxml::debug("No randomization");      if ( defined( $lastresponse->{$name} ) ) {
       my $havetrue=0;   $result .= '}';
       foreach my $name (@names) {  
   if ($Apache::response::foilgroup{$name.'.value'} eq 'true') {  
       if (!$havetrue ) {  
   push(@whichfalse,$name); $havetrue++; $answer=$#whichfalse;  
       }  
   } elsif ($Apache::response::foilgroup{$name.'.value'} eq 'false') {  
       push (@whichfalse,$name);  
   } elsif ($Apache::response::foilgroup{$name.'.value'} eq 'unused') {  
   } else {  
       &Apache::lonxml::error(&HTML::Entities::encode("No valid value assigned ($Apache::response::foilgroup{$name.'.value'}) for foil $name in <foilgroup>"));  
   }  
       }  
   } else {  
     my $current=0;  
     &Apache::lonhomework::showhash(%Apache::response::foilgroup);  
     my (%top,%bottom);  
     #first find out where everyone wants to be  
     foreach my $name (@names) {  
  $current++;  
  if ($Apache::response::foilgroup{$name.'.value'} eq 'true') {  
     push (@truelist,$name);  
     if ($Apache::response::foilgroup{$name.'.location'} eq 'top') {  
  $top{$name}=$current;  
     } elsif ($Apache::response::foilgroup{$name.'.location'} eq 'bottom') {  
  $bottom{$name}=$current;  
     }  
  } elsif ($Apache::response::foilgroup{$name.'.value'} eq 'false') {  
     push (@falselist,$name);  
     if ($Apache::response::foilgroup{$name.'.location'} eq 'top') {  
  $top{$name}=$current;  
     } elsif ($Apache::response::foilgroup{$name.'.location'} eq 'bottom') {  
  $bottom{$name}=$current;  
     }      }
  } elsif ($Apache::response::foilgroup{$name.'.value'} eq 'unused') {      $result .= $Apache::response::foilgroup{ $name . '.text' } . ' ';
    }
    $result .= "\\end{$venv}";
   
       } elsif ( $env{'form.pdfFormFields'} eq 'yes'
         && $Apache::inputtags::status[-1] eq 'CAN_ANSWER') {
    $result .= &display_pdf_form($names, $direction, $venv);
       } else {
    if ($direction eq 'horizontal') {
       my @foil_texts = &get_foil_texts($names);
       $result .=  &Apache::caparesponse::make_horizontal_latex_bubbles(
       $names, \@foil_texts, '$\bigcirc$');
  } else {   } else {
     &Apache::lonxml::error(&HTML::Entities::encode("No valid value assigned ($Apache::response::foilgroup{$name.'.value'}) for foil $name in <foilgroup>"));      $result .= "\\begin{$venv}";
   
       my $temp = 0;
       my $i    = 0;
       foreach my $name (@{$names}) {
   
    $result .= '\item \vskip -2mm ';
   
    if ($env{'form.pdfFormFields'} ne 'yes'
       or $Apache::inputtags::status[-1] ne 'CAN_ANSWER' )
    {
       $result .=
    '$\bigcirc$'
    . $Apache::response::foilgroup{ $name . '.text' }
       . '\\\\';    #' stupid emacs
    }
   
    $i++;    
    $temp++;
   
    $result .= '\vskip 0 mm ';
       }
       $result .= "\\end{$venv}";
  }   }
   
   
     }      }
     #pick a true statement      
     my $whichtrue = int(&Math::Random::random_uniform() * ($#truelist+1));      return $result;
     &Apache::lonxml::debug("Max is $max, From $#truelist elms, picking $whichtrue");  
     my $numinserted;      
     my (@toplist, @bottomlist);  }
     my $topcount=0;  ##
     # assign everyone to either toplist/bottomlist or whichfalse  #  Figure out the LaTeX environment in which to wrap the LaTeX vertical output.
     # which false is randomized, toplist bottomlist are in order  #
     while ((($numinserted) < $max-1) && ($#falselist > -1)) {  # @return string
  &Apache::lonxml::debug("Have $#whichfalse max is $max");  # @retval the environment name.  The LaTeX should be wrapped a 
  my $afalse=int(&Math::Random::random_uniform() * ($#falselist+1));  #    \begin{retval} \end{retval} pair.
  &Apache::lonxml::debug("From $#falselist elms, picking $afalse");  #
  $afalse=splice(@falselist,$afalse,1);  sub latex_vertical_environment {
  &Apache::lonxml::debug("Picked $afalse");      if ($env{'form.pdfFormFields'} eq 'yes'
  &Apache::lonhomework::showhash(('names'=>\@names));   && $Apache::inputtags::status[-1] eq 'CAN_ANSWER') {
  &Apache::lonhomework::showhash(%top);   return 'itemize';
  if ($top{$afalse}) {      } else {
     $toplist[$top{$afalse}]=$afalse;   return 'enumerate';
     $topcount++;      }
  } elsif ($bottom{$afalse}) {  }
     $bottomlist[$bottom{$afalse}]=$afalse;  
  } else {  ##
     push (@whichfalse,$afalse);  # Figure out the key html fragments that depend on the rendering direction:
   #
   # @param $direction - 'horizontal' for horizontal direction.
   #
   # @return list
   # @retval (part_start, part_end, foil_start, foil_end)
   # Where:
   #   - part_start is the HTML to emit at the start of the part.
   #   - part_end   is the HTML to emit at the end of the part.
   #   - foil_start is the HTML to emit prior to each foil.
   #   - foil_end is the HTML to emit after each foil
   #
   sub html_direction_fragments {
       my $direction = shift;
       if ($direction eq 'horizontal') {
    return ('<table><tr>', '</tr></table>', '<td>', '</td>');
       } else {
    return ('', '<br />', '<br />', '');
       }
   }
   
   ##
   #
   #  Displays all the foils of a problem in a format suitable for
   #   surveys, surveys for credit, anonymous surveys and anonymous surveys for credit.
   #
   #  @param $direction - Display direction of the choices ('horiztonal' or not).
   #  @param $target    - Rendering target.
   #
   #  @return string
   #  @retval Text that renders for the selected target.
   # 
   sub displayallfoils{
       my ( $direction, $target ) = @_;
       my $result;
       &Apache::lonxml::debug("survey style display");
   
       my @names;
   
       if ( $Apache::response::foilgroup{'names'} ) {
           @names = @{ $Apache::response::foilgroup{'names'} };
       }
   
   
       my $id   = $Apache::inputtags::response['-1'];
       my $part = $Apache::inputtags::part;
       
       my $showanswer = &Apache::response::show_answer();
       my $lastresponse = &get_last_survey_response($part, $showanswer, $id);
       my $used_names = &remove_unused(\@names);
   
   
       if ($target ne 'tex') {
    $result .= &display_survey_html(
       $used_names, $part, $showanswer, $lastresponse, $direction
    );
       } else {
   
    my $vertical_env = &latex_vertical_environment();
    $result .= &latex_survey(
       $used_names, $showanswer, $lastresponse, $direction, $vertical_env
    );
   
       }
   
   
   
       return $result;
   }
   
   
   
   sub whichfoils {
       my ( $max, $randomize ) = @_;
   
       my @truelist;
       my @falselist;
       my @whichfalse = ();
       my ( $truecnt, $falsecnt ) = &getfoilcounts();
       my $count = 0;
   
       # we will add in 1 of the true statements
       if ( $max > 0 && ( $falsecnt + 1 ) > $max ) { $count = $max }
       else { $count = $falsecnt + 1; $max = $count; }
       my $answer = int( &Math::Random::random_uniform() * ($count) );
       &Apache::lonxml::debug("Count is $count, $answer is $answer");
       my @names;
       if ( $Apache::response::foilgroup{'names'} ) {
           @names = @{ $Apache::response::foilgroup{'names'} };
       }
       if ( &Apache::response::showallfoils() ) {
           @whichfalse = @names;
       }
       elsif ( $randomize eq 'no' ) {
           &Apache::lonxml::debug("No randomization");
           my $havetrue = 0;
           foreach my $name (@names) {
               if ( $Apache::response::foilgroup{ $name . '.value' } eq 'true' ) {
                   if ( !$havetrue ) {
                       push( @whichfalse, $name );
                       $havetrue++;
                       $answer = $#whichfalse;
                   }
               }
               elsif (
                   $Apache::response::foilgroup{ $name . '.value' } eq 'false' )
               {
                   push( @whichfalse, $name );
               }
               elsif (
                   $Apache::response::foilgroup{ $name . '.value' } eq 'unused' )
               {
               }
               else {
                   &Apache::lonxml::error(
                       &HTML::Entities::encode(
   "No valid value assigned ($Apache::response::foilgroup{$name.'.value'}) for foil $name in <foilgroup>",
                           '<>&"'
                       )
                   );
               }
           }
           if (   ( !$havetrue )
               && ( $Apache::lonhomework::type ne 'survey' )
               && ( $Apache::lonhomework::type ne 'surveycred' )
               && ( $Apache::lonhomework::type ne 'anonsurvey' )
               && ( $Apache::lonhomework::type ne 'anonsurveycred' ) )
           {
               &Apache::lonxml::error(
                   &mt('There are no true statements available.') . '<br />' );
           }
       }
       else {
           my $current = 0;
           &Apache::lonhomework::showhash(%Apache::response::foilgroup);
           my ( %top, %bottom );
   
           #first find out where everyone wants to be
           foreach my $name (@names) {
               $current++;
               if ( $Apache::response::foilgroup{ $name . '.value' } eq 'true' ) {
                   push( @truelist, $name );
                   if ( $Apache::response::foilgroup{ $name . '.location' } eq
                       'top' )
                   {
                       $top{$name} = $current;
                   }
                   elsif ( $Apache::response::foilgroup{ $name . '.location' } eq
                       'bottom' )
                   {
                       $bottom{$name} = $current;
                   }
               }
               elsif (
                   $Apache::response::foilgroup{ $name . '.value' } eq 'false' )
               {
                   push( @falselist, $name );
                   if ( $Apache::response::foilgroup{ $name . '.location' } eq
                       'top' )
                   {
                       $top{$name} = $current;
                   }
                   elsif ( $Apache::response::foilgroup{ $name . '.location' } eq
                       'bottom' )
                   {
                       $bottom{$name} = $current;
                   }
               }
               elsif (
                   $Apache::response::foilgroup{ $name . '.value' } eq 'unused' )
               {
               }
               else {
                   &Apache::lonxml::error(
                       &HTML::Entities::encode(
   "No valid value assigned ($Apache::response::foilgroup{$name.'.value'}) for foil $name in <foilgroup>",
                           '<>&"'
                       )
                   );
               }
           }
   
           #pick a true statement
           my $notrue = 0;
           if ( scalar(@truelist) == 0 ) { $notrue = 1; }
           my $whichtrue =
             int( &Math::Random::random_uniform() * ( $#truelist + 1 ) );
           &Apache::lonxml::debug(
               "Max is $max, From $#truelist elms, picking $whichtrue");
           my ( @toplist, @bottomlist );
           my $topcount    = 0;
           my $bottomcount = 0;
   
           # assign everyone to either toplist/bottomlist or whichfalse
           # which false is randomized, toplist bottomlist are in order
           while (( ( $#whichfalse + $topcount + $bottomcount ) < $max - 2 )
               && ( $#falselist > -1 ) )
           {
               &Apache::lonxml::debug("Have $#whichfalse max is $max");
               my $afalse =
                 int( &Math::Random::random_uniform() * ( $#falselist + 1 ) );
               &Apache::lonxml::debug("From $#falselist elms, picking $afalse");
               $afalse = splice( @falselist, $afalse, 1 );
               &Apache::lonxml::debug("Picked $afalse");
               &Apache::lonhomework::showhash( ( 'names' => \@names ) );
               &Apache::lonhomework::showhash(%top);
               if ( $top{$afalse} ) {
                   $toplist[ $top{$afalse} ] = $afalse;
                   $topcount++;
               }
               elsif ( $bottom{$afalse} ) {
                   $bottomlist[ $bottom{$afalse} ] = $afalse;
                   $bottomcount++;
               }
               else {
                   push( @whichfalse, $afalse );
               }
           }
           &Apache::lonxml::debug("Answer wants $answer");
           my $truename = $truelist[$whichtrue];
           my $dosplice = 1;
           if (   ($notrue)
               && ( $Apache::lonhomework::type ne 'survey' )
               && ( $Apache::lonhomework::type ne 'surveycred' )
               && ( $Apache::lonhomework::type ne 'anonsurvey' )
               && ( $Apache::lonhomework::type ne 'anonsurveycred' ) )
           {
               $dosplice = 0;
               &Apache::lonxml::error(
                   &mt('There are no true statements available.') . '<br />' );
           }
   
           #insert the true statement, keeping track of where it wants to be
           if (   $Apache::response::foilgroup{ $truename . '.location' } eq 'top'
               && $dosplice )
           {
               $toplist[ $top{$truename} ] = $truename;
               $answer = -1;
               foreach my $top ( reverse(@toplist) ) {
                   if ($top) { $answer++; }
                   if ( $top eq $truename ) { last; }
               }
               $dosplice = 0;
           }
           elsif (
               $Apache::response::foilgroup{ $truename . '.location' } eq 'bottom'
               && $dosplice )
           {
               $bottomlist[ $bottom{$truename} ] = $truename;
               $answer = -1;
               foreach my $bot (@bottomlist) {
                   if ($bot) { $answer++; }
                   if ( $bot eq $truename ) { last; }
               }
               $answer += $topcount + $#whichfalse + 1;
               $dosplice = 0;
           }
           else {
               if ( $topcount > 0 || $bottomcount > 0 ) {
                   my $inc = 1;
                   if (   ( $bottomcount > 0 )
                       && ( $Apache::lonhomework::type ne 'exam' ) )
                   {
                       $inc = 2;
                   }
                   $answer = int(
                       &Math::Random::random_uniform() * ( $#whichfalse + $inc ) )
                     + $topcount;
               }
           }
           &Apache::lonxml::debug("Answer now wants $answer");
   
           #add the top items to the top, bottom items to the bottom
           for ( my $i = 0 ; $i <= $#toplist ; $i++ ) {
               if ( $toplist[$i] ) { unshift( @whichfalse, $toplist[$i] ) }
           }
           for ( my $i = 0 ; $i <= $#bottomlist ; $i++ ) {
               if ( $bottomlist[$i] ) { push( @whichfalse, $bottomlist[$i] ) }
           }
   
           #if the true statement is randomized insert it into the list
           if ($dosplice) {
               splice( @whichfalse, $answer, 0, $truelist[$whichtrue] );
           }
       }
       &Apache::lonxml::debug("Answer is $answer");
       return ( $answer, @whichfalse );
   }
   
   ## 
   #  Return a list  of foil texts given foil names.
   #  
   # @param $whichfoils - Reference to a list of foil names.
   #
   # @return array
   # @retval foil texts
   #
   sub get_foil_texts {
       my ($whichfoils) = @_;
       my @foil_texts;
   
       foreach my $name (@{$whichfoils}) {
    push(@foil_texts, $Apache::response::foilgroup{$name . '.text'});
       }
       return @foil_texts;
   }
   
   ##
   # Generate the HTML for a single html foil.
   # @param $part           - The part for which the response is being generated.
   # @param $fieldname      - The basename of the radiobutton field
   # @param $name           - The foilname.
   # @param $last_responses - Reference to a hash that holds the most recent
   #                          responses.
   # @param $value          - radiobutton value.
   # 
   # @return text
   # @retval The generated html.
   #
   sub html_radiobutton {
       my ($part, $fieldname, $name, $last_responses, $value) = @_;
   
       my $result='<label>';
       
       $result .= '<input type="radio"
                   onchange="javascript:setSubmittedPart(' . "'$part');\""
    . 'name="HWVAL_' . $fieldname . '"'
    . "value='$value'";
   
       if (defined($last_responses->{$name})) {
    $result .= '  checked="checked" ';
       }
       $result .= ' />';
       $result .= $Apache::response::foilgroup{$name . '.text'};
       $result .= '</label>';
   
       return $result;
   
   }
   ##
   # Return a reference to the last response hash. This hash has exactly
   # one or zero entries.  The one entry is keyed by the foil 'name' of
   # the prior response
   #
   # @param $part - Number of the problem part.
   # 
   # @return reference to a hash.
   # @retval see above.
   #
   sub get_last_response {
       my ($part) = @_;
   
       my $id = $Apache::inputtags::response['-1'];
       my ( $lastresponse, $newvariation );
       
       if ((( $Apache::lonhomework::history{"resource.$part.type"} eq  'randomizetry')
    || ( $Apache::lonhomework::type eq 'randomizetry' )
    )
    && ( $Apache::inputtags::status[-1] eq 'CAN_ANSWER' )
    )
       {
   
    if ( $env{ 'form.' . $part . '.rndseed' } ne
        $Apache::lonhomework::history{"resource.$part.rndseed"} )
    {
       $newvariation = 1;
    }
       }
       unless ($newvariation) {
    $lastresponse =
       $Apache::lonhomework::history{"resource.$part.$id.submission"};
       }
       my %lastresponse = &Apache::lonnet::str2hash($lastresponse);
   
       return \%lastresponse;
   }
   
   ##
   # Display foils in html rendition.:
   #
   # @param $whichfoils - Set of foils to display.
   # @param $target     - Rendition target...there are several html targets.
   # @param $direction  - 'horizontal' if layout is horizontal.
   # @param $part       - Part of the problem that's being displayed.
   # @param $show_answer- True if answers should be shown.
   #
   # @return string
   # @retval generated html.
   #
   sub display_foils_html {
       my ($whichfoils, $target, $direction, $part, $show_answer) = @_;
       my $result;
   
   
       # if the answers get shown, we need to label each item as correct or
       # incorrect.
   
       my ($opening_html, $finalclose, $item_pretext, $item_posttext) = 
    &html_direction_fragments($direction);
   
       $result .= $opening_html;
   
   
       if ($show_answer) {
   
    foreach my $name (@{$whichfoils}) {
   
       # If the item gets further surrounded by tags, this 
       # holds the closures for those tages.
   
       my $item_closetag = '';
   
       $result .= $item_pretext;
   
       # Label each foil as correct or incorrect:
   
       if ($Apache::response::foilgroup{$name . '.value'} eq 'true') {
    $result .= &mt('Correct:') . '<b>';
    $item_closetag .= '</b>';
   
       } else {
    $result .= &mt('Incorrect');
       }
   
       # Web rendition encloses the 
       # item text in a label tag as well:
   
       if ($target eq 'web') {
    $result .= '<label>';
    $item_closetag = '</label>' . $item_closetag;
       }
       $result .= $Apache::response::foilgroup{$name . '.text'};
       $result .= $item_closetag;
       $result .= $item_posttext;
       $result .= "\n"; # make the html a bit more readable.
    }
   
   
       } else {
    my $lastresponse = &get_last_response($part);
   
    my $item_no = 0;
    foreach my $name (@{$whichfoils}) {
       $result .= $item_pretext;
       $result .= &html_radiobutton(
    $part, $Apache::inputtags::response[-1],
    $name, $lastresponse, $item_no
    );
       $result .= $item_posttext;
       $item_no++;
  }   }
   
     }      }
     my $truename=$truelist[$whichtrue];      $result .= $finalclose;
     my $dosplice=1;  
     #insert the true statement, keeping track of where it wants to be      return $result;
     if ($Apache::response::foilgroup{$truename.'.location'} eq 'top' ) {  }
  $toplist[$top{$truename}]=$truename;  ##
  $answer=-1;  #  Display foils in exam mode for latex
  foreach my $top (reverse(@toplist)) {  #
     if ($top) { $answer++;}  # @param $whichfoils       - Reference to an array that contains the foil names to display
     if ($top eq $truename) { last; }  # @param $bubbles_per_line - Number of bubbles on a line.
  }  # @param $direction        - Rendering direction 'horizontal' is what we're looking for.
  $dosplice=0;  # @param $venv             - Name of LaTeX environment to use for vertical rendering.
     } elsif ($Apache::response::foilgroup{$truename.'.location'} eq 'bottom') {  #
  $bottomlist[$bottom{$truename}]=$truename;  # @return string
  $answer=-1;  # @return the latex rendering of the exam problem.
  foreach my $bot (@bottomlist) {  #
     if ($bot) { $answer++;}  #
     if ($bot eq $truename) { last; }  sub display_latex_exam {
       my ($whichfoils, $bubbles_per_line, $direction, $venv) = @_;
       my $result;
       my $numlines;
       my $bubble_number = 0;
       my $line          = 0;
       my $i             = 0;
   
       
       if ($direction eq  'horizontal') {
   
    # Marshall the display text for each foil and turn things over to
    # Apache::response::make_horizontal_bubbles:
   
    my @foil_texts = &get_foil_texts($whichfoils);
    $result .= &Apache::caparesponse::make_horizontal_latex_bubbles(
       $whichfoils, \@foil_texts, '$\bigcirc$');
   
       } else {
    $result .= "\\begin{$venv}";
   
    # This section puts out the prefix that tells the user
    # (if necessary) to only choose one bubble in the next n lines
    # for problems with more than one line worth of bubbles in the grid sheet:
   
    my $numitems = scalar( @{$whichfoils} );
    $numlines = int( $numitems / $bubbles_per_line );
    if ( ( $numitems % $bubbles_per_line ) != 0 ) {
       $numlines++;
  }   }
  $answer+=$topcount+$#whichfalse+1;   if ( $numlines < 1 ) {
  $dosplice=0;      $numlines = 1;
    }
    if ( $numlines > 1 ) {
       my $linetext;
       for ( my $i = 0 ; $i < $numlines ; $i++ ) {
    $linetext .= $Apache::lonxml::counter + $i . ', ';
       }
       $linetext =~ s/,\s$//;
       $result .=
    '\item[\small {\textbf{'
    . $linetext . '}}]'
    . ' {\footnotesize '
    . &mt( '(Bubble once in [_1] lines)', $numlines )
    . '} \hspace*{\fill} \\\\';
    }
    else {
       $result .= '\item[\textbf{' . $Apache::lonxml::counter . '}.]';
    }
   
    # Now output the bubbles themselves:
   
    foreach my $name (@{$whichfoils}) {
       if ( $bubble_number >= $bubbles_per_line ) {
    $line++;
    $i             = 0;
    $bubble_number = 0;
       }
       my $identifier;
       if ( $numlines > 1 ) {
    $identifier = $Apache::lonxml::counter + $line;
       }
       $result .=
    '{\small \textbf{'
    . $identifier
    . $alphabet[$i]
    . '}}$\bigcirc$'
    . $Apache::response::foilgroup{ $name . '.text' }
       . '\\\\';    #' stupid emacs -- it thinks it needs that apostrophe to close the quote
       
       $i++;
       $bubble_number++;
    }
    $result .= "\\end{$venv}";
   
       }
   
       return $result;
       
   }
   
   ##
   #  Display latex when exam mode is not on.
   #
   #  @param $whichfoils - The foils to display
   #  @param $direction  - Display direction ('horizontal' is what matters to us).
   #  @param $venv       - Vertical env. to use for vertical rendering.
   #  @param  $vend      - End the vertical environment being used.
   #
   #  @return string
   #  @retval - The LaTeX rendering of the resource.'
   #
   sub display_latex {
       my ($whichfoils, $direction, $venv) = @_;
       my $result;
   
       # how we render depends on the direction.
       # Vertical is some kind of list environment determined by vbegin/vend.
       # Horizontal is a table that is generated by 
       # Apache::caparesponse::make_horizontal_latex_bubbles with an empty string
       # for the actual bubble text.
   
       if ($direction eq 'horizontal') {
    my @foil_texts = &get_foil_texts($whichfoils);
    $result .= &Apache::caparesponse::make_horizontal_latex_bubbles(
       $whichfoils, \@foil_texts, '');
     } else {      } else {
  if ($topcount>0) {    $result .= "\\begin{$venv}";
   $answer = int(&Math::Random::random_uniform() * ($#whichfalse+1))   foreach my $name (@{$whichfoils}) {
     + $topcount;      $result .=  '\vspace*{-2 mm}\item '
  }   . $Apache::response::foilgroup{ $name . '.text' };
     }   }
     #add the top items to the top, bottom items to the bottom  
     for (my $i=0;$i<=$#toplist;$i++) {   $result .= "\\end{$venv}";
  if ($toplist[$i]) { unshift(@whichfalse,$toplist[$i]) }      }
     }      return $result;
     for (my $i=0;$i<=$#bottomlist;$i++) {  
  if ($bottomlist[$i]) { push(@whichfalse,$bottomlist[$i]) }  
     }  
     #if the true statement is randomized insert it into the list  
     if ($dosplice) { splice(@whichfalse,$answer,0,$truelist[$whichtrue]); }  
   }  
   &Apache::lonxml::debug("Answer is $answer");  
   return ($answer,@whichfalse);  
 }  }
   
   
   ##
   #  Render foils for a PDF form. This is a variant of tex rednering that provides
   #  sufficient markup that the final PDF is a form that can be filled in online,
   #  or offline.
   #
   # @param $whichfoils - References an array of foils to display in the order in which
   #                     they should be displayed.
   # @param $direction  - Rendering direction.  'horiztonal' means inputs are laid out
   #                      horizontally otherwise they are stacked vertically.
   # @param $venv       - Vertical environment in which to wrap the foils.
   #
   # @return string
   # @retval String containing the rendering of the resource.
   #
   # TODO: Take into account direction!!!
   #
   sub display_pdf_form {
       my ($whichfoils, $direction, $venv) = @_;
       my $temp = 0;
       my $result;
   
       $result .= "\\begin{$venv}";
       foreach my $name ( @{$whichfoils} ) {
   
    my $fieldname =
       $env{'request.symb'} 
    . '&part_'
       . $Apache::inputtags::part
       . '&radiobuttonresponse'
       . '&HWVAL_'
       . $Apache::inputtags::response['-1'];
    $result .= '\item[{'
       . &Apache::lonxml::print_pdf_radiobutton( $fieldname,
         $temp )
       . '}]'
       . $Apache::response::foilgroup{ $name . '.text' }
    . "\n";
   
    $temp++;
       }
       $result .= "\\end{$venv}";
   
       return $result;
   }
   
   
   ##
   # Display selected foils:  This is really just a dispatchter to appropriate renderers
   #  
   # @param $target   - Target (e.g. 'tex'...).
   # @param $answer   - True if answers should be shown.
   # @param $whichfoils - Array of foil selectors that indicate which foils shouild be
   #                      rendered, in rendering order.
   # @param $direction- Rendering direction ('horizontal' is the one we look for,
   #                    otherwise foils are rendered one per line vertically.
   # @param $bubbles_per_line - number of exam bubbles per line.
   #
   # @return string
   # @retval The rendered problem.
   
 sub displayfoils {  sub displayfoils {
   my ($target,$max,$randomize)=@_;      my ( $target, $answer, $whichfoils, $direction, $bubbles_per_line ) = @_;
   my $result;      my $result;
   
       my $part   = $Apache::inputtags::part;
       my $solved = $Apache::lonhomework::history{"resource.$part.solved"};
   
       # Show answers html.
   
       if ( ( $target ne 'tex' )
           && &Apache::response::show_answer() )
       {
   
    $result = &display_foils_html(
       $whichfoils, $target, $direction, $part,  1);
   
    # other html
       }  elsif ($target ne 'tex') {
       $result = &display_foils_html($whichfoils, $target, $direction, $part,
     0, 0);
   
   my ($answer,@whichfoils)=&whichfoils($max,$randomize);         # LaTeX rendering:
   if ($Apache::lonhomework::history{"resource.$Apache::inputtags::part.solved"} =~ /^correct/ || ($Apache::inputtags::status[-1] eq  'SHOW_ANSWER')) {      } else {
     foreach my $name (@whichfoils) {  
       if ($target ne 'tex') {  
   $result.="<br />";          my $id            = $Apache::inputtags::response['-1'];
       } else {          my $part          = $Apache::inputtags::part;
   $result.='\vskip 0 mm \item ';   my $numlines;
       }  
       if ($Apache::response::foilgroup{$name.'.value'} eq 'true') {    # Decide how to bracket the list of foils:
   if ($target ne 'tex') { $result.='Correct:<b>'; } else { $result.='Correct: ';}  
       } else {   my $vertical_env = &latex_vertical_environment();
  $result.='Incorrect:';  
       }   # Rendering for latex exams.
       if ($target ne 'tex') {  
   $result.=$Apache::response::foilgroup{$name.'.text'}."</input>\n";   if ( ( $Apache::lonhomework::type eq 'exam' ) )
       } else {   {
   $result.=$Apache::response::foilgroup{$name.'.text'};      $result .= &display_latex_exam(
       }   $whichfoils, $bubbles_per_line, $direction, $vertical_env);
       if ($Apache::response::foilgroup{$name.'.value'} eq 'true') {  
   if ($target ne 'tex') { $result.='</b>';}      $result .= '\vskip 0mm ';
       }      
     }   } else {    
   } else {  
     my @alphabet = ('A','B','C','D','E','F','G','H','I','J','K','L','M','N','O','P','Q','R','S','T','U','V','W','X','Y','Z');      # Different rendering for PDF form than for a
     my $i = 0;      # 'regular' answer direction is honored in both of those
     my $temp=0;        #
     my $id=$Apache::inputtags::response['-1'];  
     my $part=$Apache::inputtags::part;      if ( ($env{'form.pdfFormFields'} eq 'yes')
     my $lastresponse=$Apache::lonhomework::history{"resource.$part.$id.submission"};      && ($Apache::inputtags::status[-1] eq 'CAN_ANSWER'))
     my %lastresponse=&Apache::lonnet::str2hash($lastresponse);      {
     foreach my $name (@whichfoils) {   $result .= &display_pdf_form($whichfoils, $direction, $vertical_env);
       if ($target ne 'tex') {      } else {
   $result.="<br /><input type=\"radio\" name=\"HWVAL$Apache::inputtags::response['-1']\" value=\"$temp\" ";   $result .= &display_latex($whichfoils,  $direction, $vertical_env );
   if (defined($lastresponse{$name})) { $result .= 'checked="on"'; }      }
   $result .= '>'.$Apache::response::foilgroup{$name.'.text'}."</input>\n";      $result .= '\vskip 0 mm '; 
   if ($Apache::lonhomework::type eq 'exam') {         
       $result .= '<table border="1"><tr><td>A: &nbsp;&nbsp;Correct</td><td>B: &nbsp;&nbsp;Incorrect</td></tr></table>';   }
   }  
       } else {  
   if ($Apache::lonhomework::type eq 'exam') {      }
       $result .= '{\small \textbf{'.$alphabet[$i].'}}$\bigcirc$'.$Apache::response::foilgroup{$name.'.text'}.'\\\\';      return $result;
       $i++;  }
   } else {  
       $result .= '\item '.$Apache::response::foilgroup{$name.'.text'};  sub displayallanswers {
   }      my @names;
       }      if ( $Apache::response::foilgroup{'names'} ) {
       $temp++;          @names = @{ $Apache::response::foilgroup{'names'} };
     }      }
   }      my $result = &Apache::response::answer_header('radiobuttonresponse');
   if ($target ne 'tex') { $result.="<br />"; } else { $result.='\vskip 0 mm '; }      foreach my $name (@names) {
   return $result;          $result .=
             &Apache::response::answer_part( 'radiobuttonresponse',
               $Apache::response::foilgroup{ $name . '.value' } );
       }
       $result .= &Apache::response::answer_footer('radiobuttonresponse');
       return $result;
 }  }
   
 sub displayanswers {  sub displayanswers {
   my ($max,$randomize)=@_;      my ( $answer, $whichopt, $bubbles_per_line ) = @_;
   my ($answer,@whichopt) = &whichfoils($max,$randomize);      my $result;
   my $result=&Apache::response::answer_header('radiobuttonresponse');  
   foreach my $name (@whichopt) {      if ( $Apache::lonhomework::type eq 'exam' ) {
     $result.=&Apache::response::answer_part('radiobuttonresponse',          my $line    = int( $answer / $bubbles_per_line );
      $Apache::response::foilgroup{$name.'.value'})          my $correct = ( 'A' .. 'Z' )[ $answer % $bubbles_per_line ];
   }          $result .=
   $result.=&Apache::response::answer_footer('radiobuttonresponse');            &Apache::response::answer_header( 'radiobuttonresponse', $line );
   return $result;          $result .=
             &Apache::response::answer_part( 'radiobuttonresponse', $correct );
       }
       else {
           $result .= &Apache::response::answer_header('radiobuttonresponse');
       }
       foreach my $name ( @{$whichopt} ) {
           $result .=
             &Apache::response::answer_part( 'radiobuttonresponse',
               $Apache::response::foilgroup{ $name . '.value' } );
       }
       $result .= &Apache::response::answer_footer('radiobuttonresponse');
       return $result;
 }  }
   
 sub start_conceptgroup {  sub start_conceptgroup {
   my ($target,$token,$tagstack,$parstack,$parser,$safeeval,$style)=@_;      my ( $target, $token, $tagstack, $parstack, $parser, $safeeval, $style ) =
   $Apache::radiobuttonresponse::conceptgroup=1;        @_;
   %Apache::response::conceptgroup=();      $Apache::radiobuttonresponse::conceptgroup = 1;
   my $result;      %Apache::response::conceptgroup            = ();
   if ($target eq 'edit') {      my $result;
     $result.=&Apache::edit::tag_start($target,$token);      if ( $target eq 'edit' ) {
     $result.=&Apache::edit::text_arg('Concept:','concept',$token,'50').          $result .= &Apache::edit::tag_start( $target, $token );
  &Apache::edit::end_row().&Apache::edit::start_spanning_row();          $result .=
   } elsif ($target eq 'modified') {              &Apache::edit::text_arg( 'Concept:', 'concept', $token, '50' )
     my $constructtag=&Apache::edit::get_new_args($token,$parstack,            . &Apache::edit::end_row()
  $safeeval,'concept');            . &Apache::edit::start_spanning_row();
     if ($constructtag) { $result = &Apache::edit::rebuild_tag($token); }      }
   }      elsif ( $target eq 'modified' ) {
   return $result;          my $constructtag =
             &Apache::edit::get_new_args( $token, $parstack, $safeeval,
               'concept' );
           if ($constructtag) { $result = &Apache::edit::rebuild_tag($token); }
       }
       return $result;
 }  }
   
 sub end_conceptgroup {  sub end_conceptgroup {
   my ($target,$token,$tagstack,$parstack,$parser,$safeeval,$style)=@_;      my ( $target, $token, $tagstack, $parstack, $parser, $safeeval, $style ) =
   $Apache::radiobuttonresponse::conceptgroup=0;        @_;
   my $result;      $Apache::radiobuttonresponse::conceptgroup = 0;
   if ($target eq 'web' || $target eq 'grade' || $target eq 'answer'  || $target eq 'tex') {      my $result;
     if (defined(@{ $Apache::response::conceptgroup{'names'} })) {      if (   $target eq 'web'
       my @names = @{ $Apache::response::conceptgroup{'names'} };          || $target eq 'grade'
       my $pick=int(&Math::Random::random_uniform() * ($#names+1));          || $target eq 'answer'
       my $name=$names[$pick];          || $target eq 'tex'
       push @{ $Apache::response::foilgroup{'names'} }, $name;          || $target eq 'analyze' )
       $Apache::response::foilgroup{"$name.text"} =  $Apache::response::conceptgroup{"$name.text"};      {
       $Apache::response::foilgroup{"$name.value"} = $Apache::response::conceptgroup{"$name.value"};          &Apache::response::pick_foil_for_concept( $target,
       $Apache::response::foilgroup{"$name.location"} = $Apache::response::conceptgroup{"$name.location"};              [ 'value', 'text', 'location' ],
       my $concept = &Apache::lonxml::get_param('concept',$parstack,$safeeval);              \%Apache::hint::radiobutton, $parstack, $safeeval );
       $Apache::response::foilgroup{"$name.concept"} = $concept;      }
       &Apache::lonxml::debug("Selecting $name in $concept");      elsif ( $target eq 'edit' ) {
     }          $result = &Apache::edit::end_table();
   } elsif ($target eq 'edit') {      }
     $result=&Apache::edit::end_table();      return $result;
   }  
   return $result;  
 }  }
   
 sub insert_conceptgroup {  sub insert_conceptgroup {
   my $result="\n\t\t<conceptgroup concept=\"\">".&insert_foil()."\n\t\t</conceptgroup>\n";      my $result =
   return $result;          "\n\t\t<conceptgroup concept=\"\">"
         . &insert_foil()
         . "\n\t\t</conceptgroup>\n";
       return $result;
 }  }
   
 sub start_foil {  sub start_foil {
   my ($target,$token,$tagstack,$parstack,$parser,$safeeval,$style)=@_;      my ( $target, $token, $tagstack, $parstack, $parser, $safeeval, $style ) =
   my $result='';        @_;
   if ($target eq 'web' || $target eq 'tex') {      my $result = '';
     &Apache::lonxml::startredirection;      if ( $target eq 'web' || $target eq 'tex' || $target eq 'analyze' ) {
   } elsif ($target eq 'edit') {          &Apache::lonxml::startredirection;
     $result=&Apache::edit::tag_start($target,$token);          if ( $target eq 'analyze' ) {
     $result.=&Apache::edit::text_arg('Name:','name',$token);              &Apache::response::check_if_computed( $token, $parstack, $safeeval,
     $result.=&Apache::edit::select_or_text_arg('Correct Option:','value',                  'value' );
        ['unused','true','false'],$token);          }
     my $randomize=&Apache::lonxml::get_param('randomize',$parstack,      }
      $safeeval,'-3');      elsif ( $target eq 'edit' ) {
     if ($randomize ne 'no') {          $result = &Apache::edit::tag_start( $target, $token );
       $result.=&Apache::edit::select_arg('Location:','location',          $result .= &Apache::edit::text_arg( 'Name:', 'name', $token );
  ['random','top','bottom'],$token);          $result .= &Apache::edit::select_or_text_arg(
     }              'Correct Option:', 'value',
     $result.=&Apache::edit::end_row().&Apache::edit::start_spanning_row();              [ 'unused', 'true', 'false' ], $token
   } elsif ($target eq 'modified') {          );
      my $constructtag=&Apache::edit::get_new_args($token,$parstack,$safeeval,          my $randomize =
   'value','name','location');            &Apache::lonxml::get_param( 'randomize', $parstack, $safeeval, '-3' );
     if ($constructtag) { $result = &Apache::edit::rebuild_tag($token); }          if ( $randomize ne 'no' ) {
   }               $result .=
   return $result;                &Apache::edit::select_arg( 'Location:', 'location',
                   [ 'random', 'top', 'bottom' ], $token );
           }
           $result .=
             &Apache::edit::end_row() . &Apache::edit::start_spanning_row();
       }
       elsif ( $target eq 'modified' ) {
           my $constructtag =
             &Apache::edit::get_new_args( $token, $parstack, $safeeval, 'value',
               'name', 'location' );
           if ($constructtag) { $result = &Apache::edit::rebuild_tag($token); }
       }
       return $result;
 }  }
   
 sub end_foil {  sub end_foil {
   my ($target,$token,$tagstack,$parstack,$parser,$safeeval,$style)=@_;      my ( $target, $token, $tagstack, $parstack, $parser, $safeeval, $style ) =
   my $text='';        @_;
   if ($target eq 'web' || $target eq 'tex') { $text=&Apache::lonxml::endredirection; }      my $text = '';
   if ($target eq 'web' || $target eq 'grade' || $target eq 'answer'  || $target eq 'tex') {      if ( $target eq 'web' || $target eq 'tex' || $target eq 'analyze' ) {
     my $value = &Apache::lonxml::get_param('value',$parstack,$safeeval);          $text = &Apache::lonxml::endredirection;
     if ($value ne 'unused') {      }
       my $name = &Apache::lonxml::get_param('name',$parstack,$safeeval);      if (   $target eq 'web'
       my $location =&Apache::lonxml::get_param('location',$parstack,$safeeval);          || $target eq 'grade'
       if (!$name) { $name=$Apache::lonxml::curdepth; }          || $target eq 'answer'
       if ( $Apache::radiobuttonresponse::conceptgroup          || $target eq 'tex'
    && !&Apache::response::showallfoils() ) {          || $target eq 'analyze' )
  push @{ $Apache::response::conceptgroup{'names'} }, $name;      {
  $Apache::response::conceptgroup{"$name.value"} = $value;          my $value = &Apache::lonxml::get_param( 'value', $parstack, $safeeval );
  $Apache::response::conceptgroup{"$name.text"} = $text;          if ( $value ne 'unused' ) {
  $Apache::response::conceptgroup{"$name.location"} = $location;              my $name =
       } else {                &Apache::lonxml::get_param( 'name', $parstack, $safeeval );
  push @{ $Apache::response::foilgroup{'names'} }, $name;              if ( $name eq "" ) {
  $Apache::response::foilgroup{"$name.value"} = $value;                  &Apache::lonxml::warning(
  $Apache::response::foilgroup{"$name.text"} = $text;                      &mt(
  $Apache::response::foilgroup{"$name.location"} = $location;  'Foils without names exist. This can cause problems to malfunction.'
       }                      )
                   );
                   $name = $Apache::lonxml::curdepth;
               }
               if ( defined( $Apache::response::foilnames{$name} ) ) {
                   &Apache::lonxml::error(
                       &mt(
   'Foil name [_1] appears more than once. Foil names need to be unique.',
                           '<b><tt>' . $name . '</tt></b>'
                       )
                   );
               }
               $Apache::response::foilnames{$name}++;
               my $location =
                 &Apache::lonxml::get_param( 'location', $parstack, $safeeval );
               if ( $Apache::radiobuttonresponse::conceptgroup
                   && !&Apache::response::showallfoils() )
               {
                   push @{ $Apache::response::conceptgroup{'names'} }, $name;
                   $Apache::response::conceptgroup{"$name.value"}    = $value;
                   $Apache::response::conceptgroup{"$name.text"}     = $text;
                   $Apache::response::conceptgroup{"$name.location"} = $location;
               }
               else {
                   push @{ $Apache::response::foilgroup{'names'} }, $name;
                   $Apache::response::foilgroup{"$name.value"}    = $value;
                   $Apache::response::foilgroup{"$name.text"}     = $text;
                   $Apache::response::foilgroup{"$name.location"} = $location;
               }
           }
     }      }
   }      return '';
   return '';  
 }  }
   
 sub insert_foil {  sub insert_foil {
   return '      return '
 <foil name="" value="unused">  <foil name="" value="unused">
 <startouttext />  <startouttext />
 <endouttext />  <endouttext />
 </foil>';  </foil>';
 }  }
   
 1;  1;
 __END__  __END__
   
   
   
   =head1 NAME
   
   Apache::radiobuttonresponse
   
   =head1 SYNOPSIS
   
   Handles multiple-choice style responses.
   
   This is part of the LearningOnline Network with CAPA project
   described at http://www.lon-capa.org.
   
   =head1 SUBROUTINES
   
   =over
   
   =item start_radiobuttonresponse()
   
   =item bubble_line_count()
   
   =item end_radiobuttonresponse()
   
   =item start_foilgroup()
   
   =item storesurvey()
   
   =item grade_response()
   
   =item end_foilgroup()
   
   =item getfoilcounts()
   
   =item format_prior_answer()
   
   =item displayallfoils()
   
   =item &whichfoils($max,$randomize)
   
   Randomizes the list of foils.
   Respects
     - each foils desire to be randomized
     - the existance of Concept groups of foils (select 1 foil from each)
     - and selects a single correct statement from all possilble true statments
     - and limits it to a toal of $max foils
   
   WARNING: this routine uses the random number generator, it should only
   be called once per target, otherwise it can cause randomness changes in
   homework problems.
   
   Arguments
     $max - maximum number of foils to select (including the true one)
            (so a max of 5 is: 1 true, 4 false)
   
     $randomize - whether to randomize the listing of foils, by default
                  will randomize, only if randomize is 'no' will it not
   
   Returns
     $answer - location in the array of the correct answer
     @foils  - array of foil names in to display order
   
   =item displayfoils()
   
   =item displayallanswers()
   
   =item displayanswers()
   
   =item start_conceptgroup()
   
   =item end_conceptgroup()
   
   =item insert_conceptgroup()
   
   =item start_foil()
   
   =item end_foil()
   
   =item insert_foil()
   
   =back
   
   =cut
     
Removed from v.1.56  
changed lines
  Added in v.1.153.6.10

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