doc/tutorial/tutorial.lyx - view

File: [LON-CAPA] / doc / tutorial / Attic / tutorial.lyx
Revision 1.8: download - view: text, annotated - select for diffs
Fri Jul 5 16:12:31 2002 UTC (21 years, 10 months ago) by bowersj2
Branches: MAIN
CVS tags: HEAD

This commit implements the .tex-based online help system in LON-CAPA. It
may be necessary to manually run loncom/build/help_graphics_converter.pl
and doc/help/rebuildLabelHash.pl after a cvs update, and
loncapa_apache.conf may need to be manually copied to /etc. (The
loncapafiles.lpml has been updated.)

After merging this, the URL http://[loncapahost]/adm/help/Foils.hlp
should display a help file.

Also, some *very* out-of-date files have been removed from the /doc
directory.

1: #LyX 1.2 created this file. For more info see http://www.lyx.org/ 2: \lyxformat 220 3: \textclass article 4: \begin_preamble 5: \usepackage{floatflt} 6: \end_preamble 7: \language english 8: \inputencoding auto 9: \fontscheme default 10: \graphics default 11: \paperfontsize 12 12: \spacing single 13: \papersize Default 14: \paperpackage a4 15: \use_geometry 1 16: \use_amsmath 0 17: \use_natbib 0 18: \use_numerical_citations 0 19: \paperorientation portrait 20: \leftmargin 1in 21: \topmargin 1.25in 22: \rightmargin 1in 23: \bottommargin 1in 24: \secnumdepth 3 25: \tocdepth 3 26: \paragraph_separation indent 27: \defskip medskip 28: \quotes_language english 29: \quotes_times 2 30: \papercolumns 1 31: \papersides 1 32: \paperpagestyle headings 33: 34: \layout Title 35: 36: Learning 37: \emph on 38: Online 39: \emph default 40: Network with CAPA 41: \newline 42: 43: \emph on 44: \SpecialChar ~ 45: 46: \newline 47: 48: \size larger 49: Author's Tutorial And Manual 50: \layout Standard 51: \added_space_top vfill \align center 52: \SpecialChar ~ 53: 54: \layout Standard 55: \align center 56: John Williamson, Felicia Berryman, Jeremy Bowers 57: \layout Standard 58: 59: \SpecialChar ~ 60: 61: \layout Standard 62: \pagebreak_bottom \align center 63: Laboratory for Instructional Technology in Education 64: \newline 65: and the 66: \newline 67: Office of Medical Education Research and Development 68: \newline 69: Michigan State University 70: \newline 71: 72: \layout Standard 73: \pagebreak_bottom 74: 75: \begin_inset LatexCommand \tableofcontents{} 76: 77: \end_inset 78: 79: 80: \layout Section 81: 82: Introduction to LON-CAPA 83: \layout Comment 84: 85: This is a comment that will not show in any other rendering of this document. 86: I will use them to document my observations as I work through this tutorial. 87: \layout Comment 88: 89: Imagine a big 90: \begin_inset Quotes eld 91: \end_inset 92: 93: IMHO 94: \begin_inset Quotes erd 95: \end_inset 96: 97: on all of these comments; I'm just going to give you my comments straight 98: out. 99: I'm not attached to them and won't be offended by anything you say or do 100: about them. 101: \layout Standard 102: 103: LON-CAPA is a web-based interface that helps to organize and present your 104: course website, deliver and manage problems, and manage student enrollment. 105: All author functions are done through a web browser (Netscape 4.x or higher, 106: a recent Mozilla, or IE 5+ required). 107: \layout Standard 108: 109: At this time, you should have: 110: \layout Itemize 111: 112: developed your objectives for your course. 113: 114: \layout Itemize 115: 116: developed your problems for input into LON-CAPA and determined the appropriate 117: question formats. 118: \layout Subsection 119: 120: About This Manual 121: \layout Standard 122: 123: Throughout this manual, keywords and phrases literally present on the computer 124: screen will be referred to in 125: \series bold 126: bold type 127: \series default 128: . 129: Function names and scripts will be shown in a 130: \family typewriter 131: typewriter font 132: \family default 133: . 134: \layout Standard 135: 136: Much of this document can be used as a tutorial that will introduce you 137: to the authoring system. 138: In particular, chapters 139: \begin_inset LatexCommand \ref{Author Interface} 140: 141: \end_inset 142: 143: through 144: \begin_inset LatexCommand \ref{Creating a Course} 145: 146: \end_inset 147: 148: comprise a basic tutorial that can get you started using LON-CAPA, even 149: with no previous LON-CAPA experience. 150: \layout Standard 151: 152: For additional help, visit our FAQ at 153: \family typewriter 154: http://help.loncapa.org/ 155: \family default 156: . 157: \layout Section 158: 159: The LON-CAPA Author Interface 160: \begin_inset LatexCommand \label{Author Interface} 161: 162: \end_inset 163: 164: 165: \layout Subsection 166: 167: Login as Course Author 168: \begin_inset LatexCommand \index{Course Author} 169: 170: \end_inset 171: 172: 173: \layout Standard 174: 175: To begin using LON-CAPA, you first need to log in to your account on LON-CAPA. 176: Open your web browser and navigate to your local LON-CAPA URL. 177: You will be presented with a log in screen as in figure 178: \begin_inset LatexCommand \ref{LON-CAPA Log in screen} 179: 180: \end_inset 181: 182: . 183: 184: \begin_inset Float figure 185: placement htbp 186: wide false 187: collapsed false 188: 189: \layout Standard 190: \align center 191: 192: \begin_inset Graphics FormatVersion 1 193: filename login.eps 194: display color 195: size_type 1 196: width 50page% 197: rotateOrigin center 198: lyxsize_type 1 199: lyxwidth 297pt 200: lyxheight 234pt 201: \end_inset 202: 203: 204: \layout Caption 205: 206: 207: \begin_inset LatexCommand \label{LON-CAPA Log in screen} 208: 209: \end_inset 210: 211: LON-CAPA Log in screen 212: \end_inset 213: 214: 215: \layout Standard 216: 217: Fill in the Username and Password boxes with your information. 218: Then press the Login button. 219: This will take you to your LON-CAPA User Roles menu. 220: \layout Description 221: 222: Note: Your Username and Password will be given to you by your system administrat 223: or. 224: Both are case sensitive, so make sure you type them with the correct case. 225: \layout Subsection 226: 227: 228: \begin_inset LatexCommand \index{Author Remote Control} 229: 230: \end_inset 231: 232: Author Remote Control 233: \layout Standard 234: 235: The Author Remote Control, show in figure 236: \begin_inset LatexCommand \ref{Author Remote Control Figure} 237: 238: \end_inset 239: 240: , will automatically load whenever you log in to LON-CAPA as the course 241: instructor. 242: The Author Remote Control is a separate window in your browser, and is 243: automatically sized and placed in the upper left of the screen. 244: The Remote Control is a tool that allows you to switch between functions 245: and roles within LON-CAPA. 246: 247: \begin_inset Float figure 248: placement htbp 249: wide false 250: collapsed false 251: 252: \layout Standard 253: \align center 254: 255: \begin_inset Graphics FormatVersion 1 256: filename authorRemote.eps 257: display color 258: size_type 1 259: height 50page% 260: rotateOrigin center 261: lyxsize_type 1 262: lyxwidth 180pt 263: lyxheight 420pt 264: \end_inset 265: 266: 267: \layout Caption 268: 269: Author Remote Control 270: \begin_inset LatexCommand \label{Author Remote Control Figure} 271: 272: \end_inset 273: 274: 275: \end_inset 276: 277: 278: \layout Standard 279: 280: When you move your mouse over the buttons in the remote, the sixteen gray 281: boxes will show a reminder of what that button does. 282: \layout Itemize 283: 284: 285: \series bold 286: ROLES (CHOOSE ROLE) 287: \series default 288: allows you to select which user role to assume for this session. 289: \layout Itemize 290: 291: 292: \series bold 293: COM (COMMUNICATION) 294: \series default 295: allows you to access the communication functions in the system. 296: \layout Itemize 297: 298: 299: \series bold 300: CUSR (USER ROLES) 301: \series default 302: brings up a page that allows you to create new users and change user privileges. 303: \layout Itemize 304: 305: 306: \series bold 307: CSTR (CONSTRUCT) 308: \series default 309: displays the construction space for your account. 310: \layout Itemize 311: 312: 313: \series bold 314: RES (RESOURCE SPACE) 315: \series default 316: allows you to browse the LON-CAPA network directory. 317: \layout Itemize 318: 319: 320: \series bold 321: SRC (SEARCH LIBRARY) 322: \series default 323: brings up a screen that lets you search the LON-CAPA resources using multiple 324: criteria. 325: \layout Itemize 326: 327: 328: \series bold 329: PREF (PREFERENCES) 330: \series default 331: brings up a screen that allows you to change some preferences. 332: \layout Itemize 333: 334: 335: \series bold 336: EXIT (LOGOUT) 337: \series default 338: will log you out of the LON-CAPA system. 339: \layout Section 340: 341: Creating Content Using LON-CAPA 342: \layout Standard 343: 344: LON-CAPA provides three types of resources for organizing your course website. 345: LON-CAPA refers to these resources as Content Pages, Problems, and Maps. 346: Maps may be either of two types: Sequences or Pages. 347: You will use these LON-CAPA resources to build the outline, or structure, 348: for the presentation of your course to your students. 349: \layout Itemize 350: 351: A 352: \series bold 353: Content Page 354: \series default 355: 356: \begin_inset LatexCommand \index{Content Page} 357: 358: \end_inset 359: 360: displays course content. 361: It is essentially a conventional HTML page. 362: These resources use the extension 363: \begin_inset Quotes eld 364: \end_inset 365: 366: .html 367: \begin_inset Quotes erd 368: \end_inset 369: 370: . 371: \layout Itemize 372: 373: A 374: \series bold 375: Problem 376: \series default 377: 378: \begin_inset LatexCommand \index{Problem} 379: 380: \end_inset 381: 382: resource represents problems for the students to solve, with answers stored 383: in the system. 384: These resources are stored in files that must use the extension 385: \begin_inset Quotes eld 386: \end_inset 387: 388: .problem 389: \begin_inset Quotes erd 390: \end_inset 391: 392: . 393: \layout Itemize 394: 395: A 396: \series bold 397: Sequence 398: \series default 399: 400: \begin_inset LatexCommand \index{Sequence} 401: 402: \end_inset 403: 404: is a type of 405: \series bold 406: Map 407: \series default 408: 409: \begin_inset LatexCommand \index{Map} 410: 411: \end_inset 412: 413: which is used to link other resources together. 414: The users of this resource can use directional buttons on their remote 415: or the NAV button to follow the sequence. 416: Sequences are stored in files that must use the extension 417: \begin_inset Quotes eld 418: \end_inset 419: 420: .sequence 421: \begin_inset Quotes erd 422: \end_inset 423: 424: . 425: Sequences can contain other sequences and pages. 426: \layout Itemize 427: 428: A 429: \series bold 430: Page 431: \series default 432: 433: \begin_inset LatexCommand \index{Page} 434: 435: \end_inset 436: 437: is a type of 438: \series bold 439: Map 440: \begin_inset LatexCommand \index{Map} 441: 442: \end_inset 443: 444: 445: \series default 446: which is used to join other resources together into one HTML page. 447: For example, a page of problems will appears as a problem set. 448: These resources are stored in files that must use the extension 449: \begin_inset Quotes eld 450: \end_inset 451: 452: .page 453: \begin_inset Quotes erd 454: \end_inset 455: 456: . 457: \layout Subsection 458: 459: Description of the Construction Space 460: \layout Standard 461: 462: 463: \begin_inset Float figure 464: placement htbp 465: wide false 466: collapsed false 467: 468: \layout Standard 469: \align center 470: 471: \begin_inset Graphics FormatVersion 1 472: filename constructionSpace.eps 473: display color 474: size_type 1 475: width 80page% 476: rotateOrigin center 477: lyxsize_type 1 478: lyxwidth 476pt 479: lyxheight 42pt 480: \end_inset 481: 482: 483: \layout Caption 484: 485: Construction Space 486: \begin_inset LatexCommand \label{Construction Space Figure} 487: 488: \end_inset 489: 490: 491: \layout Standard 492: 493: Contents of the Construction Space: 494: \layout Standard 495: 496: 497: \begin_inset Tabular 498: <lyxtabular version="3" rows="10" columns="2"> 499: <features> 500: <column alignment="center" valignment="top" leftline="true" width="0pt"> 501: <column alignment="left" valignment="top" leftline="true" rightline="true" width="5in"> 502: <row topline="true" bottomline="true"> 503: <cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" leftline="true" usebox="none"> 504: \begin_inset Text 505: 506: \layout Standard 507: 508: 509: \series bold 510: Button Name 511: \end_inset 512: </cell> 513: <cell alignment="left" valignment="top" topline="true" leftline="true" rightline="true" usebox="none"> 514: \begin_inset Text 515: 516: \layout Standard 517: 518: 519: \series bold 520: Description 521: \end_inset 522: </cell> 523: </row> 524: <row topline="true"> 525: <cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" leftline="true" usebox="none"> 526: \begin_inset Text 527: 528: \layout Standard 529: 530: Publish this Resource 531: \end_inset 532: </cell> 533: <cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" leftline="true" rightline="true" usebox="none"> 534: \begin_inset Text 535: 536: \layout Standard 537: 538: Opens the Resource Publishing window. 539: \end_inset 540: </cell> 541: </row> 542: <row topline="true"> 543: <cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" leftline="true" usebox="none"> 544: \begin_inset Text 545: 546: \layout Standard 547: 548: List Directory 549: \end_inset 550: </cell> 551: <cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" leftline="true" rightline="true" usebox="none"> 552: \begin_inset Text 553: 554: \layout Standard 555: 556: Lists the contents of the current working directory 557: \end_inset 558: </cell> 559: </row> 560: <row topline="true"> 561: <cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" leftline="true" usebox="none"> 562: \begin_inset Text 563: 564: \layout Standard 565: 566: Copy 567: \end_inset 568: </cell> 569: <cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" leftline="true" rightline="true" usebox="none"> 570: \begin_inset Text 571: 572: \layout Standard 573: 574: Type a new name in the entry box to make a copy the current resource 575: \end_inset 576: </cell> 577: </row> 578: <row topline="true"> 579: <cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" leftline="true" usebox="none"> 580: \begin_inset Text 581: 582: \layout Standard 583: 584: Browse 585: \end_inset 586: </cell> 587: <cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" leftline="true" rightline="true" usebox="none"> 588: \begin_inset Text 589: 590: \layout Standard 591: 592: Helps you select a file to upload 593: \end_inset 594: </cell> 595: </row> 596: <row topline="true"> 597: <cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" leftline="true" usebox="none"> 598: \begin_inset Text 599: 600: \layout Standard 601: 602: Upload File 603: \end_inset 604: </cell> 605: <cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" leftline="true" rightline="true" usebox="none"> 606: \begin_inset Text 607: 608: \layout Standard 609: 610: Uploads the selected file to your Construction Space 611: \end_inset 612: </cell> 613: </row> 614: <row topline="true"> 615: <cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" leftline="true" usebox="none"> 616: \begin_inset Text 617: 618: \layout Standard 619: 620: Retrieve Old Version 621: \end_inset 622: </cell> 623: <cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" leftline="true" rightline="true" usebox="none"> 624: \begin_inset Text 625: 626: \layout Standard 627: 628: Load an older version of a resource if you have multiple versions 629: \end_inset 630: </cell> 631: </row> 632: <row topline="true"> 633: <cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" leftline="true" usebox="none"> 634: \begin_inset Text 635: 636: \layout Standard 637: 638: Delete 639: \end_inset 640: </cell> 641: <cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" leftline="true" rightline="true" usebox="none"> 642: \begin_inset Text 643: 644: \layout Standard 645: 646: Deletes the current resource 647: \end_inset 648: </cell> 649: </row> 650: <row topline="true"> 651: <cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" leftline="true" usebox="none"> 652: \begin_inset Text 653: 654: \layout Standard 655: 656: Rename 657: \end_inset 658: </cell> 659: <cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" leftline="true" rightline="true" usebox="none"> 660: \begin_inset Text 661: 662: \layout Standard 663: 664: Type a new name in the associated entry box to rename a resource 665: \end_inset 666: </cell> 667: </row> 668: <row topline="true" bottomline="true"> 669: <cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" leftline="true" usebox="none"> 670: \begin_inset Text 671: 672: \layout Standard 673: 674: New Subdirectory 675: \end_inset 676: </cell> 677: <cell alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" leftline="true" rightline="true" usebox="none"> 678: \begin_inset Text 679: 680: \layout Standard 681: 682: Type a name in the entry box to create a new directory 683: \end_inset 684: </cell> 685: </row> 686: </lyxtabular> 687: 688: \end_inset 689: 690: 691: \end_inset 692: 693: The Construction Space, as seen in figure 694: \begin_inset LatexCommand \ref{Construction Space Figure} 695: 696: \end_inset 697: 698: , is the section of LON-CAPA where you create and manage your course resources. 699: The figure explains what each button does. 700: \layout Subsection 701: 702: How to Create New Content Pages 703: \begin_inset LatexCommand \label{Creating New Content Pages} 704: 705: \end_inset 706: 707: 708: \layout Standard 709: 710: 711: \series bold 712: Content Pages 713: \series default 714: are HTML documents that display the course information you are presenting. 715: 716: \layout Standard 717: 718: Many users use tools such as Dreamweaver to create web pages. 719: To upload HTML files generated with such tools, you can use the 720: \series bold 721: Browse 722: \series default 723: button in the Construction Space, locate your HTML file, and use the 724: \series bold 725: Upload File 726: \series default 727: button to create a content page in LON-CAPA. 728: Remember to upload any graphics your generated web pages may have included. 729: \layout Standard 730: 731: To create new Content Pages, do the following: 732: \layout Enumerate 733: 734: Click the 735: \series bold 736: CSTR 737: \series default 738: button on the LON-CAPA remote. 739: Your web page will change to your Construction Space. 740: \layout Enumerate 741: 742: In the Location bar of your browser, type in the full URL of the new Content 743: Page. 744: Make sure the last part of the URL ends with 745: \begin_inset Quotes eld 746: \end_inset 747: 748: .html 749: \begin_inset Quotes erd 750: \end_inset 751: 752: , for example, 753: \newline 754: 755: \emph on 756: http://www.s10.lite.msu.edu/priv/username/new_resource.html 757: \emph default 758: . 759: \newline 760: Press the Return or Enter key. 761: \layout Enumerate 762: 763: Type the content into the editor, 764: \emph on 765: OR 766: \emph default 767: copy and paste HTML source code obtained through the use of some other 768: HTML authoring program into the editor. 769: \layout Enumerate 770: 771: Optionally, click the 772: \series bold 773: View 774: \series default 775: button to preview your Content Page. 776: \layout Enumerate 777: 778: Finally, click the 779: \series bold 780: Save this 781: \series default 782: button 783: \emph on 784: OR 785: \emph default 786: click the 787: \series bold 788: Save and then attempt to clean HTML 789: \series default 790: button. 791: \layout Standard 792: 793: Repeat this process as many times as necessary to create your Content Pages. 794: 795: \layout Standard 796: 797: If you're following this as a tutorial, create at least one content page, 798: which we'll use later as raw material. 799: \begin_inset Foot 800: collapsed true 801: 802: \layout Standard 803: 804: Visit the FAQ at 805: \family typewriter 806: http://help.lon-capa.org/ 807: \family default 808: if you get 809: \begin_inset Quotes eld 810: \end_inset 811: 812: unmatched tag 813: \begin_inset Quotes erd 814: \end_inset 815: 816: warnings. 817: \end_inset 818: 819: 820: \layout Subsection 821: 822: How to Edit Existing Content Pages 823: \layout Standard 824: 825: You may edit any Content Pages that have been created. 826: \layout Standard 827: 828: To edit Content Pages: 829: \layout Enumerate 830: 831: Click the 832: \series bold 833: CSTR 834: \series default 835: button on the LON-CAPA Remote. 836: Your web page will change to your Construction Space. 837: \layout Enumerate 838: 839: Click on the link for the name of the Content Page to edit. 840: The Content Page editor will load and display the current edition of the 841: Content Page. 842: \layout Enumerate 843: 844: Press the 845: \series bold 846: Edit 847: \series default 848: button. 849: Edit the HTML code, or copy and paste HTML source code into the editor. 850: \layout Enumerate 851: 852: Finally, click the 853: \series bold 854: Save this 855: \series default 856: button 857: \emph on 858: OR 859: \emph default 860: click the 861: \series bold 862: Save and then attempt to clean HTML 863: \series default 864: button. 865: If you do not do this, your work will not be saved. 866: \layout Standard 867: 868: Once you've saved your page, you can click the 869: \series bold 870: View 871: \series default 872: button to preview your Content Page. 873: \layout Subsection 874: 875: Creating Online Problems Using LON-CAPA 876: \layout Standard 877: 878: If you're following this as a tutorial, go ahead and make one of each of 879: these problem types now. 880: We'll be using them later as raw material to assemble maps and sequences. 881: \layout Standard 882: 883: While several problem types are listed here, in LON-CAPA, all problems are 884: actually the same. 885: All problems are written in XML, which can be obtained and edited with 886: the 887: \series bold 888: EditXML 889: \series default 890: button you'll see. 891: The problem types listed in this manual are actually just templates. 892: As your knowledge advances, you may wish to play with the XML representation 893: directly to see what you can do. 894: \layout Subsubsection 895: 896: Problems Types 897: \layout Standard 898: 899: In this manual we will cover five basic types of problems: Radio Response, 900: Option Response, String Response, Numerical Response, and Formula Response. 901: You will need to identify which types of problem you want to use and create 902: appropriate questions for your course. 903: \layout Standard 904: 905: The problem editor gives you a testing area where you can try your problems 906: out, with several different randomizations by varying the 907: \series bold 908: Random Seed 909: \series default 910: . 911: If you answer a problem correctly and can no longer enter new answers, 912: you can get the answer field back by hitting the 913: \series bold 914: Reset Submissions 915: \begin_inset LatexCommand \index{Reset Submissions} 916: 917: \end_inset 918: 919: 920: \series default 921: button. 922: \layout Subsubsection 923: 924: Foils 925: \layout Standard 926: 927: In the LON-CAPA system, a 928: \series bold 929: Foil 930: \begin_inset LatexCommand \index{Foil} 931: 932: \end_inset 933: 934: 935: \series default 936: is the statement after the drop-down box or radio button in a Radio Response 937: or Option Response problem. 938: Foils do not need to be text; they can be images or other resources. 939: \layout Subsubsection 940: 941: Radio Response 942: \begin_inset LatexCommand \index{Radio Response} 943: 944: \end_inset 945: 946: Problems 947: \layout Standard 948: 949: 950: \series bold 951: Radio Response 952: \series default 953: problems present a list of foils, with buttons in front. 954: The student can select 955: \emph on 956: one 957: \emph default 958: of these statements by clicking the appropriate radio button. 959: \layout Subsubsection 960: 961: Option Response 962: \begin_inset LatexCommand \index{Option Response} 963: 964: \end_inset 965: 966: Problems 967: \layout Standard 968: 969: 970: \series bold 971: Option Response 972: \series default 973: problems present foils to the student with drop-down boxes. 974: The student can select the matching choice for the foils from a list of 975: choices. 976: Optionally, the foils may be bundled into Concept Groups, and the system 977: will select one foil from each displayed group to display to the student. 978: For more details, see Create Option Response in section 979: \begin_inset LatexCommand \ref{Create Option Response Problem} 980: 981: \end_inset 982: 983: . 984: \layout Subsubsection 985: 986: String Response Problems 987: \layout Standard 988: 989: 990: \series bold 991: 992: \begin_inset LatexCommand \index{String Response} 993: 994: \end_inset 995: 996: String Response 997: \series default 998: problems are problems in which the student submits a string of characters 999: for the answer. 1000: Examples of string response questions are vocabulary tests, short answer 1001: and entering chemical formulas. 1002: \layout Standard 1003: 1004: Note that it is easy to abuse String Response problems. 1005: For instance, consider the question 1006: \begin_inset Quotes eld 1007: \end_inset 1008: 1009: Who wrote 'Huckleberry Finn'? 1010: \begin_inset Quotes erd 1011: \end_inset 1012: 1013: If you tell the system the answer is 1014: \begin_inset Quotes eld 1015: \end_inset 1016: 1017: Mark Twain 1018: \begin_inset Quotes erd 1019: \end_inset 1020: 1021: , and a student answers 1022: \begin_inset Quotes eld 1023: \end_inset 1024: 1025: Twain 1026: \begin_inset Quotes erd 1027: \end_inset 1028: 1029: , the system will mark it wrong. 1030: If they answer 1031: \begin_inset Quotes eld 1032: \end_inset 1033: 1034: Samuel Clements 1035: \begin_inset Quotes erd 1036: \end_inset 1037: 1038: , then the student will definitely get it wrong. 1039: There is some room for flexibility in the string processing, but it can 1040: be difficult to get it all right. 1041: Before you use a String Response problem, be sure you can easily characterize 1042: correct answers. 1043: \layout Subsubsection 1044: 1045: Numerical Response Problems 1046: \layout Standard 1047: 1048: 1049: \series bold 1050: Numerical Response 1051: \begin_inset LatexCommand \index{Numerical Response} 1052: 1053: \end_inset 1054: 1055: 1056: \series default 1057: problems are answered by entering a number and (optionally) a unit, such 1058: as 2.5 m/s^2. 1059: Tolerance and required significant digits can be specified as well. 1060: \layout Subsubsection 1061: 1062: Formula Response Problems 1063: \layout Standard 1064: 1065: 1066: \series bold 1067: Formula Response 1068: \series default 1069: problems ask the student to type in a math formula for the answer. 1070: If the answer is 1071: \begin_inset Formula $x^{2}-11$ 1072: \end_inset 1073: 1074: , the student can enter "x^2 - 11", "x*x - 11", "x^2 + 21 - 10", etc. 1075: Functions such as cos, sin, and exp are accepted as well as the operators 1076: (), +, -, *, and /. 1077: \layout Subsection 1078: 1079: Creating Radio Response Problems 1080: \layout Standard 1081: 1082: 1083: \begin_inset Float figure 1084: placement htbp 1085: wide false 1086: collapsed false 1087: 1088: \layout Standard 1089: \align center 1090: 1091: \begin_inset Graphics FormatVersion 1 1092: filename creatingNewProblemResource.eps 1093: display color 1094: size_type 1 1095: width 80page% 1096: rotateOrigin center 1097: lyxsize_type 1 1098: lyxwidth 476pt 1099: lyxheight 202pt 1100: \end_inset 1101: 1102: 1103: \layout Caption 1104: 1105: Creating A New Problem Resource 1106: \begin_inset LatexCommand \label{Creating a new problem resource} 1107: 1108: \end_inset 1109: 1110: 1111: \end_inset 1112: 1113: To create a Radio Response 1114: \begin_inset LatexCommand \index{Radio Response} 1115: 1116: \end_inset 1117: 1118: problem, create a new resource as described in section 1119: \begin_inset LatexCommand \ref{Creating New Content Pages} 1120: 1121: \end_inset 1122: 1123: . 1124: This is a 1125: \begin_inset Quotes eld 1126: \end_inset 1127: 1128: problem 1129: \begin_inset Quotes erd 1130: \end_inset 1131: 1132: resource so the URL must end in 1133: \begin_inset Quotes eld 1134: \end_inset 1135: 1136: .problem 1137: \begin_inset Quotes erd 1138: \end_inset 1139: 1140: . 1141: You should see a screen as in figure 1142: \begin_inset LatexCommand \ref{Creating a new problem resource} 1143: 1144: \end_inset 1145: 1146: . 1147: \begin_inset Float figure 1148: placement htbp 1149: wide false 1150: collapsed false 1151: 1152: \layout Standard 1153: \align center 1154: 1155: \begin_inset Graphics FormatVersion 1 1156: filename radioResponse2.eps 1157: display color 1158: size_type 1 1159: width 80page% 1160: rotateOrigin center 1161: lyxsize_type 1 1162: lyxwidth 476pt 1163: lyxheight 283pt 1164: \end_inset 1165: 1166: 1167: \layout Caption 1168: 1169: Radio Response Creation Form 1170: \begin_inset LatexCommand \label{Radio Response Creation Form} 1171: 1172: \end_inset 1173: 1174: 1175: \end_inset 1176: 1177: You will need to specify the question text and foil statements. 1178: \layout Enumerate 1179: 1180: In the drop-down option box as seen in figure 1181: \begin_inset LatexCommand \ref{Creating a new problem resource} 1182: 1183: \end_inset 1184: 1185: , select 1186: \series bold 1187: Radio Response Problem 1188: \series default 1189: , and click the 1190: \series bold 1191: New Problem 1192: \series default 1193: button. 1194: \layout Enumerate 1195: 1196: Click the 1197: \series bold 1198: Edit 1199: \series default 1200: button above the sample problem to enter edit mode. 1201: You should see an editing screen like figure 1202: \begin_inset LatexCommand \ref{Radio Response Creation Form} 1203: 1204: \end_inset 1205: 1206: . 1207: \layout Enumerate 1208: 1209: In the 1210: \series bold 1211: Text Block 1212: \series default 1213: at the top of the problem, remove the sample text and type the question 1214: for your problem. 1215: For example, 1216: \begin_inset Quotes eld 1217: \end_inset 1218: 1219: What is two plus two? 1220: \begin_inset Quotes erd 1221: \end_inset 1222: 1223: 1224: \layout Enumerate 1225: 1226: Locate the 1227: \series bold 1228: Response: One of N statements 1229: \series default 1230: element. 1231: In the 1232: \series bold 1233: Max Number of Shown Foils 1234: \series default 1235: text box, place the number of foils you wish to display to the student. 1236: \layout Enumerate 1237: 1238: Locate 1239: \series bold 1240: Foil 1 1241: \series default 1242: . 1243: Remove the text that is in the text box and put the 1244: \emph on 1245: correct answer 1246: \emph default 1247: for the problem in the 1248: \series bold 1249: Text Block 1250: \series default 1251: . 1252: For example, 1253: \begin_inset Quotes eld 1254: \end_inset 1255: 1256: Four. 1257: \begin_inset Quotes erd 1258: \end_inset 1259: 1260: Make sure this is set to 1261: \series bold 1262: true 1263: \series default 1264: in the 1265: \series bold 1266: Correct Option 1267: \series default 1268: field. 1269: \layout Enumerate 1270: 1271: Below it, you will see 1272: \series bold 1273: Foil 2 1274: \series default 1275: . 1276: Remove the text in the text box and put an 1277: \emph on 1278: incorrect answer 1279: \emph default 1280: for the problem. 1281: For instance, 1282: \begin_inset Quotes eld 1283: \end_inset 1284: 1285: Purple. 1286: \begin_inset Quotes erd 1287: \end_inset 1288: 1289: Make sure this is set to 1290: \series bold 1291: false 1292: \series default 1293: in the 1294: \series bold 1295: Correct Option 1296: \series default 1297: field. 1298: \layout Enumerate 1299: 1300: Repeat the previous step until you've filled in all of the other incorrect 1301: answers you wish to offer the students. 1302: \layout Enumerate 1303: 1304: Once you've filled in all the incorrect answers, change the 1305: \series bold 1306: Correct Option 1307: \series default 1308: s on the other foils to 1309: \series bold 1310: Unused 1311: \series default 1312: . 1313: \layout Enumerate 1314: 1315: 1316: \begin_inset Float figure 1317: placement htbp 1318: wide false 1319: collapsed false 1320: 1321: \layout Standard 1322: \align center 1323: 1324: \begin_inset Graphics FormatVersion 1 1325: filename radioResponseHint.eps 1326: display color 1327: size_type 1 1328: width 80page% 1329: rotateOrigin center 1330: lyxsize_type 1 1331: lyxwidth 476pt 1332: lyxheight 92pt 1333: \end_inset 1334: 1335: 1336: \layout Caption 1337: 1338: Hint Element 1339: \begin_inset LatexCommand \label{Radio Response Hint Element Figure} 1340: 1341: \end_inset 1342: 1343: 1344: \end_inset 1345: 1346: Scroll down to the Hint element, as shown in Figure 1347: \begin_inset LatexCommand \ref{Radio Response Hint Element Figure} 1348: 1349: \end_inset 1350: 1351: . 1352: Type some text that will help students when they answer incorrectly. 1353: You may delete the hint by selecting 1354: \series bold 1355: Yes 1356: \series default 1357: from the 1358: \series bold 1359: Delete 1360: \series default 1361: drop-down box. 1362: \layout Enumerate 1363: 1364: Click the 1365: \series bold 1366: Submit Changes 1367: \series default 1368: button located at the top of the frame. 1369: If you do not do this, none of your changes will be saved. 1370: \layout Standard 1371: 1372: The 1373: \series bold 1374: Correct Option 1375: \series default 1376: drop down box controls whether or not a given answer will be accepted as 1377: a correct answer. 1378: If it is set to 1379: \series bold 1380: true 1381: \series default 1382: , that answer will be considered a correct answer. 1383: Any number of foils can be marked 1384: \series bold 1385: true 1386: \series default 1387: , but only one will be shown to any given student. 1388: If it is set to 1389: \series bold 1390: false 1391: \series default 1392: , it will be considered an incorrect answer. 1393: If it is set to 1394: \series bold 1395: Unused 1396: \series default 1397: , the system will not use that foil. 1398: \layout Paragraph 1399: 1400: Randomization 1401: \begin_inset LatexCommand \index{Randomization} 1402: 1403: \end_inset 1404: 1405: 1406: \layout Standard 1407: 1408: LON-CAPA will randomize what choices are presented to each student, and 1409: randomize the order they are presented in. 1410: If you wish to present each student the same choices, make sure the 1411: \series bold 1412: Maximum Number of Shown Foils 1413: \series default 1414: box contains the number of incorrect answers, which will force them to 1415: all be displayed. 1416: If you wish to force the system to display the foils in the order you have 1417: created them in, type the tag 1418: \series bold 1419: <norandom /> 1420: \series default 1421: into your problem text. 1422: This can be useful with the ever-popular 1423: \begin_inset Quotes eld 1424: \end_inset 1425: 1426: All of the above 1427: \begin_inset Quotes erd 1428: \end_inset 1429: 1430: choice, which must be displayed in the correct place or its meaning will 1431: change. 1432: \layout Subsection 1433: 1434: Option Response 1435: \begin_inset LatexCommand \index{Option Response} 1436: 1437: \end_inset 1438: 1439: 1440: \begin_inset LatexCommand \label{Create Option Response Problem} 1441: 1442: \end_inset 1443: 1444: Problems 1445: \layout Subsubsection 1446: 1447: Option Response problems with Concept Groups 1448: \layout Standard 1449: 1450: 1451: \begin_inset Float figure 1452: placement htbp 1453: wide false 1454: collapsed false 1455: 1456: \layout Standard 1457: \align center 1458: 1459: \begin_inset Graphics FormatVersion 1 1460: filename optionResponseProblem.eps 1461: display color 1462: size_type 1 1463: width 80page% 1464: rotateOrigin center 1465: lyxsize_type 1 1466: lyxwidth 476pt 1467: lyxheight 134pt 1468: \end_inset 1469: 1470: 1471: \layout Caption 1472: 1473: Option Response Problem 1474: \begin_inset LatexCommand \label{Option Response Problem Figure} 1475: 1476: \end_inset 1477: 1478: 1479: \end_inset 1480: 1481: Each Option Response problem can have three parts: 1482: \layout Enumerate 1483: 1484: The Concept Groups 1485: \begin_inset LatexCommand \index{Concept Groups} 1486: 1487: \end_inset 1488: 1489: 1490: \layout Enumerate 1491: 1492: The options for the students to select, by default 1493: \begin_inset Quotes eld 1494: \end_inset 1495: 1496: True 1497: \begin_inset Quotes erd 1498: \end_inset 1499: 1500: and 1501: \begin_inset Quotes eld 1502: \end_inset 1503: 1504: False 1505: \begin_inset Quotes erd 1506: \end_inset 1507: 1508: 1509: \layout Enumerate 1510: 1511: The hint for the student 1512: \layout Standard 1513: 1514: Each 1515: \series bold 1516: Concept Group 1517: \series default 1518: has some number of foils representing questions which are conceptually 1519: related. 1520: Option Response Problem Templates are available for 4 and 8 Concept Groups. 1521: When the Option Response problem is presented to a student, the LON-CAPA 1522: system will randomly select one foil from each Concept Group and present 1523: it to the student. 1524: In order to receive credit for the problem, the student must select the 1525: corresponding option from the drop-down box for each given foil. 1526: \layout Subsubsection 1527: 1528: Example: Concept Group 1529: \layout Standard 1530: 1531: For example, a Concept Group may contain the following True/False questions: 1532: \layout Itemize 1533: 1534: 1535: \begin_inset Quotes eld 1536: \end_inset 1537: 1538: Mark Twain 1539: \begin_inset Quotes erd 1540: \end_inset 1541: 1542: is the pen name of Samuel Clemens. 1543: \layout Itemize 1544: 1545: Mark Twain wrote 1546: \begin_inset Quotes eld 1547: \end_inset 1548: 1549: The Call of the Wild 1550: \begin_inset Quotes erd 1551: \end_inset 1552: 1553: . 1554: \layout Itemize 1555: 1556: Mark Twain wrote 1557: \begin_inset Quotes eld 1558: \end_inset 1559: 1560: Huckleberry Finn 1561: \begin_inset Quotes erd 1562: \end_inset 1563: 1564: . 1565: \layout Itemize 1566: 1567: Mark Twain spent most of his life in the Congo. 1568: \layout Standard 1569: 1570: For each foil, the author marks it True or False. 1571: When the student logs on and attempts to answer this question, the student 1572: will see only one of the four choices for that concept group. 1573: They then go on to do the remaining three to seven Concept Groups in this 1574: question before submitting their answer. 1575: \layout Subsubsection 1576: 1577: Example: Matching Problem 1578: \layout Standard 1579: 1580: Option Response problems can be used as matching problems as well. 1581: \layout Standard 1582: 1583: For example, you might want to ask the student to match musical compositions 1584: with their composers. 1585: You could create an Option Response problem with 4 Concept Groups, and 1586: place the following four foil groups each in its own concept group: 1587: \layout Itemize 1588: 1589: Claire de Lune 1590: \begin_inset LatexCommand \index{Clair de Lune} 1591: 1592: \end_inset 1593: 1594: , Ballade 1595: \begin_inset Foot 1596: collapsed true 1597: 1598: \layout Standard 1599: 1600: Debussy. 1601: \end_inset 1602: 1603: 1604: \layout Itemize 1605: 1606: The Pastoral Symphony, The Ninth Symphony 1607: \begin_inset Foot 1608: collapsed true 1609: 1610: \layout Standard 1611: 1612: Beethoven. 1613: \end_inset 1614: 1615: 1616: \layout Itemize 1617: 1618: Sleeping Beauty Suite, The Dance of the Sugar Plum Fairies 1619: \begin_inset Foot 1620: collapsed true 1621: 1622: \layout Standard 1623: 1624: Tchaikovsky. 1625: \end_inset 1626: 1627: 1628: \layout Itemize 1629: 1630: Slavonic Dances, New World Symphony 1631: \begin_inset Foot 1632: collapsed true 1633: 1634: \layout Standard 1635: 1636: Dvorak. 1637: \end_inset 1638: 1639: 1640: \layout Standard 1641: 1642: You could then add the following options to the option list: 1643: \layout Itemize 1644: 1645: Debussy 1646: \layout Itemize 1647: 1648: Beethoven 1649: \layout Itemize 1650: 1651: Schubert 1652: \layout Itemize 1653: 1654: Tchaikovsky 1655: \layout Itemize 1656: 1657: Dvorak 1658: \layout Standard 1659: 1660: The same answers can be used more then once, or not at all, as you see fit. 1661: It is conventional to place such a warning in the 1662: \series bold 1663: Text Block 1664: \series default 1665: describing the problem to the students. 1666: \layout Subsubsection 1667: 1668: Creating Option Response Problems 1669: \layout Standard 1670: 1671: To create an Option Response problem, create a new resource as described 1672: in section 1673: \begin_inset LatexCommand \ref{Creating New Content Pages} 1674: 1675: \end_inset 1676: 1677: . 1678: This is a 1679: \begin_inset Quotes eld 1680: \end_inset 1681: 1682: problem 1683: \begin_inset Quotes erd 1684: \end_inset 1685: 1686: resource so the URL must end in 1687: \begin_inset Quotes eld 1688: \end_inset 1689: 1690: .problem 1691: \begin_inset Quotes erd 1692: \end_inset 1693: 1694: . 1695: You should see a screen as in figure 1696: \begin_inset LatexCommand \ref{Creating a new problem resource} 1697: 1698: \end_inset 1699: 1700: . 1701: \layout Enumerate 1702: 1703: In the drop-down option box as seen in figure 1704: \begin_inset LatexCommand \ref{Creating a new problem resource} 1705: 1706: \end_inset 1707: 1708: , select 1709: \series bold 1710: Option Response Problem with 1711: \emph on 1712: N 1713: \emph default 1714: Concept Groups 1715: \series default 1716: , where 1717: \series bold 1718: \emph on 1719: N 1720: \series default 1721: \emph default 1722: is the number of Concept Groups you wish the problem to have, and click 1723: the 1724: \series bold 1725: New Problem 1726: \series default 1727: button. 1728: \layout Enumerate 1729: 1730: Click the 1731: \series bold 1732: Edit 1733: \series default 1734: button above the sample problem to enter edit mode. 1735: \begin_inset Float figure 1736: placement htbp 1737: wide false 1738: collapsed false 1739: 1740: \layout Standard 1741: \align center 1742: 1743: \begin_inset Graphics FormatVersion 1 1744: filename optionResponseEditing.eps 1745: display color 1746: size_type 1 1747: width 80page% 1748: rotateOrigin center 1749: lyxsize_type 1 1750: lyxwidth 476pt 1751: lyxheight 276pt 1752: \end_inset 1753: 1754: 1755: \layout Caption 1756: 1757: Option Response Editor 1758: \begin_inset LatexCommand \label{Option Response Editor Figure} 1759: 1760: \end_inset 1761: 1762: 1763: \end_inset 1764: 1765: You should see the Option Response page open up, which should look something 1766: like what you see in figure 1767: \begin_inset LatexCommand \ref{Option Response Editor Figure} 1768: 1769: \end_inset 1770: 1771: . 1772: \layout Enumerate 1773: 1774: Replace the text in the 1775: \series bold 1776: Text Block 1777: \series default 1778: with text that explains the conditions for your problem. 1779: \layout Enumerate 1780: 1781: Locate the 1782: \series bold 1783: Max Number of Shown Foils 1784: \series default 1785: element and type a number from 1 to 8 to display that number of questions. 1786: You cannot display more than one foil from each concept group, so this 1787: option will only reduce the number of foils displayed, if it is less than 1788: the number of concept groups in your Option Response problem. 1789: \layout Enumerate 1790: 1791: Now you must define the options the students can select. 1792: For each option you wish to add to the Option Response question, type the 1793: option into the 1794: \series bold 1795: Add new Option 1796: \series default 1797: box in the 1798: \series bold 1799: Select Options 1800: \series default 1801: section, then hit the 1802: \series bold 1803: Save Changes 1804: \series default 1805: button. 1806: If you do not hit the 1807: \series bold 1808: Save Changes 1809: \series default 1810: button, your option will not be selectable below. 1811: (You will delete unwanted options in the last step.) 1812: \layout Enumerate 1813: 1814: Now, you need to define the question foils. 1815: Look for the foil with the name 1816: \begin_inset Quotes eld 1817: \end_inset 1818: 1819: One 1820: \begin_inset Quotes erd 1821: \end_inset 1822: 1823: . 1824: Type the question into the text box, and select the correct option for 1825: that question from the 1826: \series bold 1827: Correct Option 1828: \series default 1829: drop-down menu. 1830: Click 1831: \series bold 1832: Submit Changes 1833: \series default 1834: to save this question foil. 1835: Repeat this step for all remaining foils. 1836: \layout Enumerate 1837: 1838: Locate the foils that are not being used. 1839: In their 1840: \series bold 1841: Delete 1842: \series default 1843: menus, set the value to 1844: \series bold 1845: Yes 1846: \series default 1847: . 1848: Once you've set the Delete menu value correctly for all the foils, click 1849: the 1850: \series bold 1851: Save Changes 1852: \series default 1853: button. 1854: \layout Enumerate 1855: 1856: In the Hint area, provide a helpful hint for users who get the problem incorrect 1857: , and click the 1858: \series bold 1859: Save Changes 1860: \series default 1861: button. 1862: \layout Enumerate 1863: 1864: Make sure all the options you want to delete are not used for any of your 1865: foils 1866: \begin_inset Foot 1867: collapsed true 1868: 1869: \layout Standard 1870: 1871: If a deleted option is used in a foil, it will appear in a text box in the 1872: 1873: \series bold 1874: Correct Option 1875: \series default 1876: area for that foil. 1877: To make the drop-down box reappear, type an option already defined in the 1878: 1879: \series bold 1880: Select Options 1881: \series default 1882: field, and hit 1883: \series bold 1884: Submit Changes 1885: \series default 1886: . 1887: A drop-down box will reappear. 1888: \end_inset 1889: 1890: . 1891: To delete the irrelevant options from the Option Response question, select 1892: that option from the 1893: \series bold 1894: Delete an Option 1895: \series default 1896: drop down, and hit the 1897: \series bold 1898: Save Changes 1899: \series default 1900: button. 1901: Do that for each option you wish to remove. 1902: \layout Subsubsection 1903: 1904: Simple Option Response: No Concept Groups 1905: \layout Standard 1906: 1907: If you select 1908: \series bold 1909: Simple Option Response 1910: \series default 1911: from the drop-down box, you get a template that will allow you to enter 1912: up to eight foils with no grouping. 1913: The system will randomly mix these foils when presenting them to the student. 1914: You can have more foils then the 1915: \series bold 1916: Max Num of Shown Foils 1917: \series default 1918: so that each student will not have the identical foils. 1919: \layout Subsection 1920: 1921: Creating a String Response Problem 1922: \layout Standard 1923: 1924: To create a String Response problem, create a new resource as described 1925: in section 1926: \begin_inset LatexCommand \ref{Creating New Content Pages} 1927: 1928: \end_inset 1929: 1930: . 1931: This is a 1932: \begin_inset Quotes eld 1933: \end_inset 1934: 1935: problem 1936: \begin_inset Quotes erd 1937: \end_inset 1938: 1939: resource so the URL must end in 1940: \begin_inset Quotes eld 1941: \end_inset 1942: 1943: .problem 1944: \begin_inset Quotes erd 1945: \end_inset 1946: 1947: . 1948: You should see a screen as in figure 1949: \begin_inset LatexCommand \ref{Creating a new problem resource} 1950: 1951: \end_inset 1952: 1953: . 1954: \layout Enumerate 1955: 1956: In the drop-down option box as seen in figure 1957: \begin_inset LatexCommand \ref{Creating a new problem resource} 1958: 1959: \end_inset 1960: 1961: , select 1962: \series bold 1963: String Response Problem 1964: \series default 1965: , and click the 1966: \series bold 1967: New Problem 1968: \series default 1969: button. 1970: \layout Enumerate 1971: 1972: Click the 1973: \series bold 1974: Edit 1975: \series default 1976: button above the sample problem to enter edit mode. 1977: \begin_inset Float figure 1978: placement htbp 1979: wide false 1980: collapsed false 1981: 1982: \layout Standard 1983: \align center 1984: 1985: \begin_inset Graphics FormatVersion 1 1986: filename stringResponseEditor.eps 1987: display color 1988: size_type 1 1989: width 80page% 1990: rotateOrigin center 1991: lyxsize_type 1 1992: lyxwidth 476pt 1993: lyxheight 320pt 1994: \end_inset 1995: 1996: 1997: \layout Caption 1998: 1999: String Response Editor 2000: \begin_inset LatexCommand \label{String Response Editor Figure} 2001: 2002: \end_inset 2003: 2004: 2005: \end_inset 2006: 2007: You should see the String Response editor page open up, which should look 2008: something like what you see in figure 2009: \begin_inset LatexCommand \ref{String Response Editor Figure} 2010: 2011: \end_inset 2012: 2013: . 2014: \layout Enumerate 2015: 2016: Clear the text from the 2017: \series bold 2018: Text Block 2019: \series default 2020: at the top of the problem, and type in your problem. 2021: \layout Enumerate 2022: 2023: In the 2024: \series bold 2025: Answer Box 2026: \series default 2027: , type the correct answer. 2028: \layout Enumerate 2029: 2030: Select the answer condition from the drop-down. 2031: There are three cases to choose from: 2032: \begin_deeper 2033: \layout Enumerate 2034: 2035: 2036: \series bold 2037: cs 2038: \series default 2039: : This means 2040: \begin_inset Quotes eld 2041: \end_inset 2042: 2043: Case Sensitive 2044: \begin_inset Quotes erd 2045: \end_inset 2046: 2047: . 2048: For example, this is useful in chemistry, where HO and Ho are completely 2049: different answers 2050: \begin_inset Foot 2051: collapsed true 2052: 2053: \layout Standard 2054: 2055: 2056: \series bold 2057: HO 2058: \series default 2059: is hydrogen monoxide, a colorless, odorless, poisonous gas. 2060: 2061: \series bold 2062: Ho 2063: \series default 2064: is the element 67, Holmium, in the Lanthanides. 2065: \end_inset 2066: 2067: . 2068: The student must match the case of the answer. 2069: \layout Enumerate 2070: 2071: 2072: \series bold 2073: ci 2074: \series default 2075: : This means 2076: \begin_inset Quotes eld 2077: \end_inset 2078: 2079: Case Insensitive 2080: \begin_inset Quotes erd 2081: \end_inset 2082: 2083: . 2084: The system does not use the case of the letters to determine the correctness 2085: of the answer. 2086: If the correct answer is 2087: \begin_inset Quotes eld 2088: \end_inset 2089: 2090: car 2091: \begin_inset Quotes erd 2092: \end_inset 2093: 2094: , the system will accept 2095: \begin_inset Quotes eld 2096: \end_inset 2097: 2098: car 2099: \begin_inset Quotes erd 2100: \end_inset 2101: 2102: , 2103: \begin_inset Quotes eld 2104: \end_inset 2105: 2106: CAR 2107: \begin_inset Quotes erd 2108: \end_inset 2109: 2110: , 2111: \begin_inset Quotes eld 2112: \end_inset 2113: 2114: Car 2115: \begin_inset Quotes erd 2116: \end_inset 2117: 2118: , 2119: \begin_inset Quotes eld 2120: \end_inset 2121: 2122: caR 2123: \begin_inset Quotes erd 2124: \end_inset 2125: 2126: , etc. 2127: \layout Enumerate 2128: 2129: 2130: \series bold 2131: mc 2132: \series default 2133: : This means 2134: \begin_inset Quotes eld 2135: \end_inset 2136: 2137: Multiple Choice 2138: \begin_inset Quotes erd 2139: \end_inset 2140: 2141: . 2142: The student's answers must contain the same letters as the question author's, 2143: but order is unimportant. 2144: This is usually used to give a multiple choice question in the question's 2145: 2146: \series bold 2147: Text Block 2148: \series default 2149: , which may have several correct parts. 2150: If the author sets the correct answer as 2151: \begin_inset Quotes eld 2152: \end_inset 2153: 2154: bcg 2155: \begin_inset Quotes erd 2156: \end_inset 2157: 2158: , the system will accept 2159: \begin_inset Quotes eld 2160: \end_inset 2161: 2162: bcg 2163: \begin_inset Quotes erd 2164: \end_inset 2165: 2166: , 2167: \begin_inset Quotes eld 2168: \end_inset 2169: 2170: cbg 2171: \begin_inset Quotes erd 2172: \end_inset 2173: 2174: , 2175: \begin_inset Quotes eld 2176: \end_inset 2177: 2178: gcb 2179: \begin_inset Quotes erd 2180: \end_inset 2181: 2182: , etc., but not 2183: \begin_inset Quotes eld 2184: \end_inset 2185: 2186: bc 2187: \begin_inset Quotes erd 2188: \end_inset 2189: 2190: or 2191: \begin_inset Quotes eld 2192: \end_inset 2193: 2194: abcg 2195: \begin_inset Quotes erd 2196: \end_inset 2197: 2198: . 2199: \layout Standard 2200: 2201: It is conventional to inform the students if the problem is case sensitive, 2202: or that the order of the answers doesn't matter. 2203: \end_deeper 2204: \layout Enumerate 2205: 2206: Optionally, locate the 2207: \series bold 2208: Single Line Text Entry Area 2209: \series default 2210: block and set a length in the Size box. 2211: This will only affect the size of the box on the screen; if you set the 2212: box size to 2, the student can still enter 3 or more letters in their answer. 2213: \layout Enumerate 2214: 2215: Scroll down to the 2216: \series bold 2217: Hint 2218: \series default 2219: element, and type some text that will help students when they answer incorrectl 2220: y, or delete the hint by setting the 2221: \series bold 2222: Delete 2223: \series default 2224: field to 2225: \series bold 2226: Yes 2227: \series default 2228: . 2229: \layout Enumerate 2230: 2231: Click the 2232: \series bold 2233: Submit Changes 2234: \series default 2235: button. 2236: \layout Subsection 2237: 2238: Creating Numerical Response And Formula Response Problems 2239: \layout Standard 2240: 2241: Numerical Response problems are answered by entering a number and an optional 2242: unit. 2243: For instance, a numerical response problem might have an answer of 2244: \begin_inset Formula $2m/s^{2}$ 2245: \end_inset 2246: 2247: . 2248: Formula Response problems are answered by entering a mathematical formula. 2249: For instance, a numerical response problem might have an answer of 2250: \begin_inset Formula $x^{2}+11$ 2251: \end_inset 2252: 2253: . 2254: The answer may be in any equivalent format. 2255: For instance, for 2256: \begin_inset Formula $x^{2}+11$ 2257: \end_inset 2258: 2259: , the system will also accept 2260: \begin_inset Formula $x*x+11$ 2261: \end_inset 2262: 2263: or 2264: \begin_inset Formula $x^{2}+21-10$ 2265: \end_inset 2266: 2267: . 2268: \layout Standard 2269: 2270: Creating Numerical Response and Formula Response problems starts the same 2271: as the other problem types, but because of the power of Numerical Response 2272: and Formula Response problems, they are covered in their own section after 2273: the end of the tutorial. 2274: For more information about these problem types, please see section 2275: \begin_inset LatexCommand \ref{Numerical Response} 2276: 2277: \end_inset 2278: 2279: for Numerical Response problems and section 2280: \begin_inset LatexCommand \ref{Formula Response} 2281: 2282: \end_inset 2283: 2284: for Formula Response problems. 2285: \layout Section 2286: 2287: Publishing Your Resources 2288: \layout Standard 2289: 2290: In order to make the content you've created available for use in courses, 2291: you must publish your content. 2292: LON-CAPA provides an easy interface for publishing your content pages, 2293: problem resources, and sequences. 2294: You can specify title, author information, keywords, and other metadata. 2295: LON-CAPA uses this metadata for many things, and it's important to fill 2296: the metadata out as accurately as possible. 2297: \layout Subsection 2298: 2299: What is Metadata? 2300: \begin_inset LatexCommand \index{Metadata} 2301: 2302: \end_inset 2303: 2304: 2305: \begin_inset LatexCommand \label{What Is Metadata?} 2306: 2307: \end_inset 2308: 2309: 2310: \layout Standard 2311: 2312: 2313: \emph on 2314: Metadata 2315: \emph default 2316: is 2317: \emph on 2318: data about data 2319: \emph default 2320: . 2321: Metadata can often be thought of as a label on some bit of information 2322: that can be useful to people or computer programs trying to use the data. 2323: Without metadata, the person or computer trying to use the original information 2324: would have to just guess what the original data is about. 2325: For instance, if you create a problem and neglect to say in the title or 2326: subject of the problem what it is about, then a human who wants to use 2327: that problem would have to read the problem itself to see what it was about, 2328: which is much more difficult than just reading a title. 2329: A computer trying to do the same thing would just be out of luck; it is 2330: too stupid to understand the problem statement at all. 2331: \layout Standard 2332: 2333: One example of metadata is the <title> of a web page, which usually shows 2334: up in the title bar of the browser. 2335: That's information about the web page itself, not actually part of the 2336: web page. 2337: People use the title information when they bookmark a page, so they know 2338: what the page is. 2339: Search engines use it as a clue about the content of the web page. 2340: \layout Subsection 2341: 2342: Publishing A Resource 2343: \begin_inset LatexCommand \index{Resource, Publishing} 2344: 2345: \end_inset 2346: 2347: 2348: \begin_inset LatexCommand \index{Publishing Resource} 2349: 2350: \end_inset 2351: 2352: 2353: \layout Standard 2354: 2355: 2356: \begin_inset Float figure 2357: placement htbp 2358: wide false 2359: collapsed false 2360: 2361: \layout Standard 2362: \align center 2363: 2364: \begin_inset Graphics FormatVersion 1 2365: filename constructionSpaceForPublishing.eps 2366: display color 2367: size_type 1 2368: width 80page% 2369: rotateOrigin center 2370: lyxsize_type 1 2371: lyxwidth 476pt 2372: lyxheight 168pt 2373: \end_inset 2374: 2375: 2376: \layout Caption 2377: 2378: Construction Space for Publishing 2379: \begin_inset LatexCommand \label{Construction Space for Publishing Figure} 2380: 2381: \end_inset 2382: 2383: 2384: \end_inset 2385: 2386: To publish a resource, log in and choose your role to be an Author. 2387: Then click 2388: \series bold 2389: CSTR 2390: \series default 2391: to go to your construction space. 2392: You should see something like figure 2393: \begin_inset LatexCommand \ref{Construction Space for Publishing Figure} 2394: 2395: \end_inset 2396: 2397: . 2398: Click on the 2399: \series bold 2400: Publish 2401: \series default 2402: button for the resource you wish to publish. 2403: \begin_inset Float figure 2404: placement htbp 2405: wide false 2406: collapsed false 2407: 2408: \layout Standard 2409: \align center 2410: 2411: \begin_inset Graphics FormatVersion 1 2412: filename publishMetadata.eps 2413: display color 2414: size_type 1 2415: width 80page% 2416: rotateOrigin center 2417: lyxsize_type 1 2418: lyxwidth 476pt 2419: lyxheight 338pt 2420: \end_inset 2421: 2422: 2423: \layout Caption 2424: 2425: Publishing Metadata Screen 2426: \begin_inset LatexCommand \label{Publishing Metadata Screen Figure} 2427: 2428: \end_inset 2429: 2430: 2431: \end_inset 2432: 2433: You'll get a metadata screen that should look something like figure 2434: \begin_inset LatexCommand \ref{Publishing Metadata Screen Figure} 2435: 2436: \end_inset 2437: 2438: . 2439: Fill out the form. 2440: If you are creating resources that may be used in several courses, you 2441: should talk with the other authors and establish some sort of standard 2442: title and subject scheme in advance. 2443: 2444: \layout Standard 2445: 2446: The 2447: \series bold 2448: Language 2449: \series default 2450: is the language the problem is written in. 2451: The 2452: \series bold 2453: Publisher/Owner 2454: \series default 2455: is the LON-CAPA user who owns the problem. 2456: \layout Standard 2457: 2458: The 2459: \series bold 2460: Keywords 2461: \series default 2462: and the 2463: \series bold 2464: Abstract 2465: \series default 2466: are more information about the problem. 2467: The 2468: \series bold 2469: Keywords 2470: \series default 2471: are words that are strongly connected to your problem; for instance a physics 2472: problem about a pulley might include 2473: \begin_inset Quotes eld 2474: \end_inset 2475: 2476: pulley 2477: \begin_inset Quotes erd 2478: \end_inset 2479: 2480: as a key word. 2481: LON-CAPA pulls out words used in the text of the resource for you so you 2482: can just click on their check boxes to make them keywords. 2483: 2484: \series bold 2485: Additional keywords 2486: \series default 2487: allows you to add any keyword to your problem that are not actually in 2488: the problem. 2489: For instance, on that same problem a physicist might add the keyword 2490: \begin_inset Quotes eld 2491: \end_inset 2492: 2493: statics 2494: \begin_inset Quotes erd 2495: \end_inset 2496: 2497: , even though it doesn't appear in the original problem, because Physics 2498: uses that as a classification of problem type. 2499: 2500: \series bold 2501: Additional Keywords 2502: \series default 2503: are also useful when publishing graphics. 2504: \layout Standard 2505: 2506: Finally, you need to set the copyright and distribution permissions in the 2507: 2508: \series bold 2509: COPYRIGHT/DISTRIBUTION 2510: \series default 2511: drop-down. 2512: This setting controls who is allowed to use your resource as follows: 2513: \layout Itemize 2514: 2515: 2516: \series bold 2517: Limited to courses in the domain published 2518: \series default 2519: means that only courses running in the same domain as you can use your 2520: content. 2521: Talk to your LON-CAPA administrator if you want more information about 2522: your domain. 2523: \layout Itemize 2524: 2525: 2526: \series bold 2527: Free 2528: \series default 2529: means that anyone can find and use the resource. 2530: \layout Itemize 2531: 2532: 2533: \series bold 2534: Private - visible to author only 2535: \series default 2536: means that it can't be used for any course. 2537: \layout Itemize 2538: 2539: 2540: \series bold 2541: Public - no authentication required 2542: \series default 2543: means anyone can find and use the resource. 2544: \layout Standard 2545: 2546: Now when you click 2547: \series bold 2548: Finalize Publication 2549: \series default 2550: , your resource will be published and usable (unless you set the distribution 2551: to 2552: \begin_inset Quotes eld 2553: \end_inset 2554: 2555: private 2556: \begin_inset Quotes erd 2557: \end_inset 2558: 2559: ). 2560: \layout Standard 2561: 2562: If you're following this as a tutorial, publish your resources so we can 2563: use them in the next section. 2564: \layout Section 2565: 2566: Creating A Course 2567: \begin_inset LatexCommand \label{Creating a Course} 2568: 2569: \end_inset 2570: 2571: : Maps and Sequences 2572: \layout Standard 2573: 2574: In order to create a useful course, we need to arrange our raw materials 2575: so that students can use them. 2576: \layout Subsection 2577: 2578: Creating Sequences 2579: \begin_inset LatexCommand \index{Sequence} 2580: 2581: \end_inset 2582: 2583: 2584: \layout Standard 2585: 2586: A 2587: \series bold 2588: Sequence 2589: \series default 2590: is a series of resources that can be navigated using the 2591: \series bold 2592: NAV 2593: \series default 2594: remote control button, or by using the arrow keys on the remote control. 2595: 2596: \layout Standard 2597: 2598: 2599: \begin_inset Float figure 2600: placement htbp 2601: wide false 2602: collapsed false 2603: 2604: \layout Standard 2605: \align center 2606: 2607: \begin_inset Graphics FormatVersion 1 2608: filename mapEditorSelection.eps 2609: display color 2610: size_type 1 2611: width 40page% 2612: rotateOrigin center 2613: lyxsize_type 1 2614: lyxwidth 238pt 2615: lyxheight 83pt 2616: \end_inset 2617: 2618: 2619: \layout Caption 2620: 2621: Map Editor Selection 2622: \begin_inset LatexCommand \label{Map Editor Selection Figure} 2623: 2624: \end_inset 2625: 2626: 2627: \end_inset 2628: 2629: To create a Sequence resource, create a new resource as described in section 2630: 2631: \begin_inset LatexCommand \ref{Creating New Content Pages} 2632: 2633: \end_inset 2634: 2635: . 2636: This is a 2637: \begin_inset Quotes eld 2638: \end_inset 2639: 2640: sequence 2641: \begin_inset Quotes erd 2642: \end_inset 2643: 2644: resource so the URL must end in 2645: \begin_inset Quotes eld 2646: \end_inset 2647: 2648: .sequence 2649: \begin_inset Quotes erd 2650: \end_inset 2651: 2652: . 2653: After you enter in the URL ending in 2654: \begin_inset Quotes eld 2655: \end_inset 2656: 2657: .sequence 2658: \begin_inset Quotes erd 2659: \end_inset 2660: 2661: , you should see a screen as in figure 2662: \begin_inset LatexCommand \ref{Map Editor Selection Figure} 2663: 2664: \end_inset 2665: 2666: . 2667: You can use either the advanced editor or the simplified editor. 2668: \layout Subsection 2669: 2670: Creating a Simple .sequence With The Simple Editor 2671: \layout Standard 2672: 2673: 2674: \begin_inset Float figure 2675: placement htbp 2676: wide false 2677: collapsed false 2678: 2679: \layout Standard 2680: \align center 2681: 2682: \begin_inset Graphics FormatVersion 1 2683: filename mapSimpleEditor.eps 2684: display color 2685: size_type 1 2686: width 80page% 2687: rotateOrigin center 2688: lyxsize_type 1 2689: lyxwidth 476pt 2690: lyxheight 250pt 2691: \end_inset 2692: 2693: 2694: \layout Caption 2695: 2696: Simple Map Editor 2697: \begin_inset LatexCommand \label{Simple Map Editor} 2698: 2699: \end_inset 2700: 2701: 2702: \end_inset 2703: 2704: After creating a new .sequence resource and getting the editor selection 2705: prompt (figure 2706: \begin_inset LatexCommand \ref{Map Editor Selection Figure} 2707: 2708: \end_inset 2709: 2710: ), click the 2711: \series bold 2712: Simple Edit 2713: \series default 2714: button to get to the simple map editor, which appears in figure 2715: \begin_inset LatexCommand \ref{Simple Map Editor} 2716: 2717: \end_inset 2718: 2719: . 2720: 2721: \layout Standard 2722: 2723: The Simple Editor can create .sequences and .pages which are linear, which 2724: means they have no branches or conditions. 2725: \layout Standard 2726: 2727: On the right side of the simple editor is the 2728: \series bold 2729: Target 2730: \series default 2731: , which represents the map you are currently building. 2732: On the left side is the 2733: \series bold 2734: Import 2735: \series default 2736: area, which represents a work area you can use for your convenience to 2737: load and manipulate resource you may wish to include in your map. 2738: Using the three buttons in the middle of the screen, from top to bottom 2739: you can cut things out of the Target, copy from the Target to the Import, 2740: and copy from the Import to the Target, respectively. 2741: \layout Standard 2742: 2743: On both sides of the screen, you can do a Group Search and a Group Import. 2744: A Group Search allows you to run a search, then import selected results 2745: from that search into either directly into your Map, or into your Import 2746: space. 2747: Checkboxes will appear next to the results in the Group Search, and you 2748: can click the resource you wish to add to your map in the order that you 2749: want them added. 2750: After you select the resource, you will be presented with a screen that 2751: allows you to change the order of the selected resources, then you will 2752: be able to import the selected resources and work with them. 2753: \layout Standard 2754: 2755: A Group Import works in a similar fashion, but allows you to use the LON-CAPA 2756: network browser to select your resources. 2757: \layout Standard 2758: 2759: On the Import side, you can also browse for another Map, and load the resources 2760: used in that map into your Import workspace. 2761: You can also discard the selected resources, clear all the resources, and 2762: view the selected resource from the buttons on the Import side of the screen. 2763: 2764: \layout Standard 2765: 2766: Both list boxes support standard multi-select mechanisms as used in your 2767: OS. 2768: \layout Subsection 2769: 2770: Creating a Simple .sequence With The Advanced Editor 2771: \layout Standard 2772: 2773: After creating a new .sequence resource and getting the editor selection 2774: prompt (figure 2775: \begin_inset LatexCommand \ref{Map Editor Selection Figure} 2776: 2777: \end_inset 2778: 2779: ), click the 2780: \series bold 2781: Advanced Edit 2782: \series default 2783: button to get to the advanced map editor. 2784: 2785: \begin_inset Float figure 2786: placement htbp 2787: wide false 2788: collapsed false 2789: 2790: \layout Standard 2791: \align center 2792: 2793: \begin_inset Graphics FormatVersion 1 2794: filename mapAdvancedEditorNew.eps 2795: display color 2796: size_type 1 2797: width 80page% 2798: rotateOrigin center 2799: lyxsize_type 1 2800: lyxwidth 476pt 2801: lyxheight 205pt 2802: \end_inset 2803: 2804: 2805: \layout Caption 2806: 2807: Initial Map Editor 2808: \begin_inset LatexCommand \label{Initial Map Editor FIgure} 2809: 2810: \end_inset 2811: 2812: 2813: \end_inset 2814: 2815: You should see the initial map editor as shown in figure 2816: \begin_inset LatexCommand \ref{Initial Map Editor FIgure} 2817: 2818: \end_inset 2819: 2820: . 2821: Note there are two windows: One is the workspace, and one is a secondary 2822: window which will contain information as you add resources. 2823: \layout Enumerate 2824: 2825: 2826: \begin_inset Float figure 2827: placement htbp 2828: wide false 2829: collapsed false 2830: 2831: \layout Standard 2832: \align center 2833: 2834: \begin_inset Graphics FormatVersion 1 2835: filename mapClickedStart.eps 2836: display color 2837: size_type 1 2838: width 80page% 2839: rotateOrigin center 2840: lyxsize_type 1 2841: lyxwidth 476pt 2842: lyxheight 221pt 2843: \end_inset 2844: 2845: 2846: \layout Caption 2847: 2848: After clicking 2849: \series bold 2850: Start 2851: \series default 2852: in the Map Constructor 2853: \begin_inset LatexCommand \label{Clicked Start Figure} 2854: 2855: \end_inset 2856: 2857: 2858: \end_inset 2859: 2860: Click the 2861: \series bold 2862: Start 2863: \series default 2864: box. 2865: You'll see what you see in figure 2866: \begin_inset LatexCommand \ref{Clicked Start Figure} 2867: 2868: \end_inset 2869: 2870: . 2871: Click 2872: \series bold 2873: Link Resource 2874: \series default 2875: in the secondary window, then click on the 2876: \series bold 2877: Finish 2878: \series default 2879: box. 2880: \begin_inset Float figure 2881: placement htbp 2882: wide false 2883: collapsed false 2884: 2885: \layout Standard 2886: \align center 2887: 2888: \begin_inset Graphics FormatVersion 1 2889: filename mapStraightened.eps 2890: display color 2891: size_type 1 2892: height 25page% 2893: rotateOrigin center 2894: lyxsize_type 1 2895: lyxwidth 70pt 2896: lyxheight 210pt 2897: \end_inset 2898: 2899: 2900: \layout Caption 2901: 2902: Straightened Map 2903: \begin_inset LatexCommand \label{Striaghtened map} 2904: 2905: \end_inset 2906: 2907: 2908: \end_inset 2909: 2910: After that, click 2911: \series bold 2912: Straighten 2913: \series default 2914: . 2915: You should see something like figure 2916: \begin_inset LatexCommand \ref{Striaghtened map} 2917: 2918: \end_inset 2919: 2920: . 2921: This creates a simple map that flows from beginning to end. 2922: \layout Enumerate 2923: 2924: 2925: \begin_inset Float figure 2926: placement htbp 2927: wide false 2928: collapsed false 2929: 2930: \layout Standard 2931: \align center 2932: 2933: \begin_inset Graphics FormatVersion 1 2934: filename mapInsertResource.eps 2935: display color 2936: size_type 1 2937: height 30page% 2938: rotateOrigin center 2939: lyxsize_type 1 2940: lyxwidth 271pt 2941: lyxheight 252pt 2942: \end_inset 2943: 2944: 2945: \layout Caption 2946: 2947: Inserting a Resource 2948: \begin_inset LatexCommand \label{Inserting a Resource Figure} 2949: 2950: \end_inset 2951: 2952: 2953: \end_inset 2954: 2955: To insert a resource into the flow, click the black line with two arrows, 2956: seen between the 2957: \series bold 2958: Start 2959: \series default 2960: and 2961: \series bold 2962: Finish 2963: \series default 2964: boxes in figure 2965: \begin_inset LatexCommand \ref{Striaghtened map} 2966: 2967: \end_inset 2968: 2969: . 2970: In the secondary window, you'll see something like figure 2971: \begin_inset LatexCommand \ref{Inserting a Resource Figure} 2972: 2973: \end_inset 2974: 2975: . 2976: Click 2977: \series bold 2978: Insert Resource Into Link 2979: \series default 2980: . 2981: A new resource box will appear in the link. 2982: Click the resource, which will have the label 2983: \series bold 2984: Res 2985: \series default 2986: . 2987: \layout Enumerate 2988: 2989: Click 2990: \series bold 2991: Browse 2992: \series default 2993: , and the 2994: \series bold 2995: Network Directory Browser 2996: \series default 2997: will appear, 2998: \begin_inset Float figure 2999: placement htbp 3000: wide false 3001: collapsed false 3002: 3003: \layout Standard 3004: \align center 3005: 3006: \begin_inset Graphics FormatVersion 1 3007: filename mapEditorDirectoryBrowser.eps 3008: display color 3009: size_type 1 3010: width 60page% 3011: rotateOrigin center 3012: lyxsize_type 1 3013: lyxwidth 357pt 3014: lyxheight 162pt 3015: \end_inset 3016: 3017: 3018: \layout Caption 3019: 3020: Network Directory Browser 3021: \begin_inset LatexCommand \label{Map Editor Network Directory Browser Figure} 3022: 3023: \end_inset 3024: 3025: 3026: \end_inset 3027: 3028: looking something like figure 3029: \begin_inset LatexCommand \ref{Map Editor Network Directory Browser Figure} 3030: 3031: \end_inset 3032: 3033: . 3034: Press the 3035: \series bold 3036: SELECT 3037: \series default 3038: button that is next to the resource you want to place in the chosen resource 3039: box. 3040: \begin_inset Float figure 3041: placement htbp 3042: wide false 3043: collapsed false 3044: 3045: \layout Standard 3046: \align center 3047: 3048: \begin_inset Graphics FormatVersion 1 3049: filename mapEditorResourceChosen.eps 3050: display color 3051: size_type 1 3052: height 30page% 3053: rotateOrigin center 3054: lyxsize_type 1 3055: lyxwidth 42pt 3056: lyxheight 252pt 3057: \end_inset 3058: 3059: 3060: \layout Caption 3061: 3062: Resource Chosen 3063: \begin_inset LatexCommand \label{Map Resource Chosen Figure} 3064: 3065: \end_inset 3066: 3067: 3068: \end_inset 3069: 3070: Once you've done that, if you look back at the window that popped up when 3071: you clicked on 3072: \series bold 3073: New Resource 3074: \series default 3075: , you'll see something like figure 3076: \begin_inset LatexCommand \ref{Map Resource Chosen Figure} 3077: 3078: \end_inset 3079: 3080: . 3081: You can type the 3082: \series bold 3083: URL 3084: \series default 3085: and 3086: \series bold 3087: Title 3088: \series default 3089: into the secondary window, if you prefer, following the format you see 3090: when you've successfully browsed to a resource. 3091: After you click 3092: \series bold 3093: Save Changes 3094: \series default 3095: , your changes will be set, and the icons for the resource will appear in 3096: the 3097: \series bold 3098: Res 3099: \series default 3100: box, as shown in figure 3101: \begin_inset LatexCommand \ref{Map Resource Chosen Figure} 3102: 3103: \end_inset 3104: 3105: . 3106: Click 3107: \series bold 3108: Save Map 3109: \series default 3110: in the bar above your map to save the map. 3111: \begin_deeper 3112: \layout Standard 3113: 3114: Clicking on the left icon for a resource will open a new browser window 3115: with an informational page about that resource. 3116: Clicking on the right icon for a resource will open a new browser window 3117: taking you to the rendering of that resource. 3118: \end_deeper 3119: \layout Enumerate 3120: 3121: Repeat steps two and three for as many resources as you'd like to bind together 3122: into one page. 3123: You can insert the new resources anywhere you'd like. 3124: \layout Enumerate 3125: 3126: When you are done adding resources, click the 3127: \series bold 3128: Save Map 3129: \series default 3130: link to save the map. 3131: \layout Standard 3132: 3133: In addition to manually adding in resources, the Advanced Editor also has 3134: the ability to import resource in the same way that the Simple Editor can: 3135: From a LON-CAPA network browser window, from a Group Search, or from another 3136: Map. 3137: \layout Standard 3138: 3139: The advanced editor has many more capabilities which you can explore. 3140: \layout Subsection 3141: 3142: Page Maps 3143: \layout Standard 3144: 3145: Creating a .page map is the same as creating a sequence map, except that 3146: when choosing the name of the resource, the URL will end with 3147: \begin_inset Quotes eld 3148: \end_inset 3149: 3150: .page 3151: \begin_inset Quotes erd 3152: \end_inset 3153: 3154: . 3155: Then all resources you add in the map editor will appear on one page together. 3156: \layout Standard 3157: 3158: Pages are often used to connect problems in a homework set. 3159: \layout Subsection 3160: 3161: Creating a Course: Top-level Sequence 3162: \layout Standard 3163: 3164: In order to view sequences, they need to be part of a 3165: \series bold 3166: course 3167: \series default 3168: . 3169: \begin_inset Float figure 3170: placement htbp 3171: wide false 3172: collapsed false 3173: 3174: \layout Standard 3175: \align center 3176: 3177: \begin_inset Graphics FormatVersion 1 3178: filename creatingANewCourse.eps 3179: display color 3180: size_type 1 3181: width 40page% 3182: rotateOrigin center 3183: lyxsize_type 1 3184: lyxwidth 238pt 3185: lyxheight 231pt 3186: \end_inset 3187: 3188: 3189: \layout Caption 3190: 3191: Creating a New Course 3192: \begin_inset LatexCommand \label{Creating a New Course Figure} 3193: 3194: \end_inset 3195: 3196: 3197: \end_inset 3198: 3199: Courses have a Top-level Map which defines the whole course. 3200: This top-level map will often itself contain maps corresponding to homework 3201: assignments, chapters, or units. 3202: To view your maps, you will need to make them part of a course. 3203: Only Domain Coordinators can make courses and set their Top-level maps, 3204: so work with your Domain Coordinator if you need to view your maps. 3205: \layout Section 3206: 3207: Numerical Response 3208: \begin_inset LatexCommand \index{Numerical Response} 3209: 3210: \end_inset 3211: 3212: 3213: \begin_inset LatexCommand \label{Numerical Response} 3214: 3215: \end_inset 3216: 3217: And Formula Response Questions 3218: \layout Standard 3219: 3220: Numerical Response problems are very powerful. 3221: In fact, they are so powerful it would be impossible to fully explain what 3222: is possible in a document like this. 3223: This chapter will focus on getting you started with Numerical Response 3224: problems, and showing you some of the possibilities, with no prerequisite 3225: knowledge necessary. 3226: The more you learn, the more you will find you can do. 3227: \layout Standard 3228: 3229: If you like, you can follow this chapter along as its own tutorial. 3230: Create a Numerical Response problem using the instructions in section 3231: \begin_inset LatexCommand \ref{Creating New Content Pages} 3232: 3233: \end_inset 3234: 3235: , ending your resource name with 3236: \begin_inset Quotes eld 3237: \end_inset 3238: 3239: .problem 3240: \begin_inset Quotes erd 3241: \end_inset 3242: 3243: , and create a new 3244: \series bold 3245: Simple Numerical Response 3246: \series default 3247: problem. 3248: \layout Subsection 3249: 3250: The Parts of a Numerical Response Problem 3251: \layout Standard 3252: 3253: 3254: \begin_inset Float figure 3255: placement htbp 3256: wide false 3257: collapsed false 3258: 3259: \layout Standard 3260: \align center 3261: 3262: \begin_inset Graphics FormatVersion 1 3263: filename numericalResponse1.eps 3264: display color 3265: size_type 1 3266: width 80page% 3267: rotateOrigin center 3268: lyxsize_type 1 3269: lyxwidth 476pt 3270: lyxheight 356pt 3271: \end_inset 3272: 3273: 3274: \layout Caption 3275: 3276: Numerical Response editor 3277: \begin_inset LatexCommand \label{Numerical Response Editor Figure} 3278: 3279: \end_inset 3280: 3281: 3282: \end_inset 3283: 3284: A Numerical Response problem has seven major parts by default, as seen in 3285: figure 3286: \begin_inset LatexCommand \ref{Numerical Response Editor Figure} 3287: 3288: \end_inset 3289: 3290: : 3291: \layout Enumerate 3292: 3293: The 3294: \series bold 3295: Script 3296: \series default 3297: . 3298: The script is the heart of advanced Numerical Response problems. 3299: It can be used to decide some of the parameters of the problem, compute 3300: the answer to the problem, and do just about anything else you can imagine. 3301: The Script language is 3302: \series bold 3303: Perl 3304: \series default 3305: . 3306: You do not need to know Perl to use the 3307: \series bold 3308: Script 3309: \series default 3310: block, as we will be stepping through some advanced examples in this chapter, 3311: but knowing Perl can help. 3312: \layout Enumerate 3313: 3314: Like other problem types, the 3315: \series bold 3316: Text Block 3317: \series default 3318: is used to display the problem the student will see. 3319: In addition, you can place variables in the 3320: \series bold 3321: Text Block 3322: \series default 3323: based on computations done in the 3324: \series bold 3325: Script 3326: \series default 3327: . 3328: \layout Enumerate 3329: 3330: The 3331: \series bold 3332: Answer 3333: \series default 3334: is the answer the system is looking for. 3335: This can also use parameters from the 3336: \series bold 3337: Script 3338: \series default 3339: block, allowing the answer to be computed dynamically. 3340: \layout Enumerate 3341: 3342: A 3343: \series bold 3344: tolerance 3345: \begin_inset LatexCommand \index{tolerance} 3346: 3347: \end_inset 3348: 3349: 3350: \series default 3351: parameter, which determines how closely the system will require the student's 3352: answer to be in order to count it correct. 3353: For technical reasons, it is almost never a good idea to set this parameter 3354: to zero 3355: \begin_inset Foot 3356: collapsed true 3357: 3358: \layout Standard 3359: 3360: Computers can only approximate computations involving real numbers. 3361: For instance, a computer's [decimal] answer to the simple problem 3362: \begin_inset Formula $\frac{1}{3}$ 3363: \end_inset 3364: 3365: is 3366: \begin_inset Quotes eld 3367: \end_inset 3368: 3369: 0.33333333333333331 3370: \begin_inset Quotes erd 3371: \end_inset 3372: 3373: . 3374: It 3375: \emph on 3376: should 3377: \emph default 3378: be an infinite series of 3's, and there certainly shouldn't be a 3379: \begin_inset Quotes eld 3380: \end_inset 3381: 3382: 1 3383: \begin_inset Quotes erd 3384: \end_inset 3385: 3386: in the answer, but no computer can represent an infinitely long, infinitely 3387: detailed real number. 3388: Therefore, for any problem where the answer is not a small integer, you 3389: 3390: \emph on 3391: need 3392: \emph default 3393: to allow a tolerance factor, or the students will find it nearly impossible 3394: to exactly match the computers idea of the answer. 3395: \end_inset 3396: 3397: , though you may find the default too large for some problems. 3398: There are two kinds of tolerance. 3399: For some answer 3400: \begin_inset Formula $a$ 3401: \end_inset 3402: 3403: and a tolerance 3404: \begin_inset Formula $t$ 3405: \end_inset 3406: 3407: , 3408: \begin_deeper 3409: \layout Enumerate 3410: 3411: an 3412: \series bold 3413: Absolute 3414: \series default 3415: tolerance 3416: \begin_inset LatexCommand \index{absolute tolerance} 3417: 3418: \end_inset 3419: 3420: 3421: \begin_inset LatexCommand \index{tolerance, absolute} 3422: 3423: \end_inset 3424: 3425: will take anything in the range 3426: \begin_inset Formula $a\pm t$ 3427: \end_inset 3428: 3429: . 3430: So if 3431: \begin_inset Formula $a=10$ 3432: \end_inset 3433: 3434: and 3435: \begin_inset Formula $t=2$ 3436: \end_inset 3437: 3438: , then anything between 8 and 12 is acceptable 3439: \begin_inset Foot 3440: collapsed true 3441: 3442: \layout Standard 3443: 3444: For much the same reasons a tolerance is almost always a good idea, it's 3445: almost impossible to say whether an answer that is 3446: \emph on 3447: exactly 3448: \emph default 3449: 3450: \begin_inset Formula $a\pm t$ 3451: \end_inset 3452: 3453: will be accepted by the computer. 3454: But the computer does use many decimal places of accuracy; if you want 3455: to have the student answer exactly 3456: \begin_inset Quotes eld 3457: \end_inset 3458: 3459: 2 3460: \begin_inset Quotes erd 3461: \end_inset 3462: 3463: , then specifying a tolerance of 3464: \begin_inset Quotes eld 3465: \end_inset 3466: 3467: .0000001 3468: \begin_inset Quotes erd 3469: \end_inset 3470: 3471: is OK. 3472: (Don't use too many more zeros, though you can use less if you like.) 3473: \end_inset 3474: 3475: . 3476: Any number in the tolerance field 3477: \emph on 3478: without 3479: \emph default 3480: a 3481: \series bold 3482: % 3483: \series default 3484: symbol is an absolute tolerance. 3485: \layout Enumerate 3486: 3487: a 3488: \series bold 3489: Relative 3490: \series default 3491: tolerance 3492: \begin_inset LatexCommand \index{relative tolerance} 3493: 3494: \end_inset 3495: 3496: 3497: \begin_inset LatexCommand \index{tolerance, relative} 3498: 3499: \end_inset 3500: 3501: will take anything in the range 3502: \begin_inset Formula $a\pm at$ 3503: \end_inset 3504: 3505: , where 3506: \emph on 3507: t 3508: \emph default 3509: is interpreted as a percentage. 3510: Any number in the tolerance field 3511: \emph on 3512: followed by 3513: \emph default 3514: a 3515: \series bold 3516: % 3517: \series default 3518: symbol is a relative tolerance. 3519: For example, 3520: \begin_inset Formula $a=10$ 3521: \end_inset 3522: 3523: and 3524: \begin_inset Formula $t=10\%$ 3525: \end_inset 3526: 3527: will accept anything between 9 and 11. 3528: 3529: \end_deeper 3530: \layout Enumerate 3531: 3532: A 3533: \series bold 3534: significant figures 3535: \series default 3536: specification tells the system how many significant figures there are in 3537: the problem, as either a single number or a range of acceptable values, 3538: expressed as 3539: \series bold 3540: min,max 3541: \series default 3542: . 3543: The system will check to make sure that the student's answer contains this 3544: many significant digits, useful in many scientific calculations. 3545: For example, if the problem has three significant digits, the significant 3546: digit specification is 3547: \begin_inset Quotes eld 3548: \end_inset 3549: 3550: 3 3551: \begin_inset Quotes erd 3552: \end_inset 3553: 3554: , and the answer is 3555: \begin_inset Quotes eld 3556: \end_inset 3557: 3558: 1.3 3559: \begin_inset Quotes erd 3560: \end_inset 3561: 3562: , the system will require the students to type 3563: \begin_inset Quotes eld 3564: \end_inset 3565: 3566: 1.30 3567: \begin_inset Quotes erd 3568: \end_inset 3569: 3570: , even though numerically, 3571: \begin_inset Quotes eld 3572: \end_inset 3573: 3574: 1.3 3575: \begin_inset Quotes erd 3576: \end_inset 3577: 3578: and 3579: \begin_inset Quotes eld 3580: \end_inset 3581: 3582: 1.30 3583: \begin_inset Quotes erd 3584: \end_inset 3585: 3586: are the same. 3587: A significant figure specification of 3588: \begin_inset Quotes eld 3589: \end_inset 3590: 3591: 3,4 3592: \begin_inset Quotes erd 3593: \end_inset 3594: 3595: means both 3596: \begin_inset Quotes eld 3597: \end_inset 3598: 3599: 1.30 3600: \begin_inset Quotes erd 3601: \end_inset 3602: 3603: and 3604: \begin_inset Quotes eld 3605: \end_inset 3606: 3607: 1.300 3608: \begin_inset Quotes erd 3609: \end_inset 3610: 3611: are acceptable. 3612: \layout Enumerate 3613: 3614: The 3615: \series bold 3616: Single Line Text Entry 3617: \series default 3618: area, as in other problems, allow you to manipulate the text entry area 3619: the student will see. 3620: \layout Enumerate 3621: 3622: Finally, the 3623: \series bold 3624: Hint 3625: \series default 3626: should contain text which will help the students when they answer incorrectly. 3627: \layout Subsection 3628: 3629: Simple Numerical Response Answer 3630: \layout Standard 3631: 3632: Along with showing the Numerical Response editor, figure 3633: \begin_inset LatexCommand \ref{Numerical Response Editor Figure} 3634: 3635: \end_inset 3636: 3637: also shows the parameters for one of the simplest possible types of numerical 3638: response. 3639: The 3640: \series bold 3641: Text Block 3642: \series default 3643: has the problem's question, which is the static text 3644: \begin_inset Quotes eld 3645: \end_inset 3646: 3647: What is 2 + 2? 3648: \begin_inset Quotes erd 3649: \end_inset 3650: 3651: The 3652: \series bold 3653: Answer 3654: \series default 3655: is 3656: \begin_inset Quotes eld 3657: \end_inset 3658: 3659: 4 3660: \begin_inset Quotes erd 3661: \end_inset 3662: 3663: . 3664: The 3665: \series bold 3666: Hint 3667: \series default 3668: has been set to something appropriate for this problem. 3669: Everything else has the default values from when the problem was created. 3670: \layout Standard 3671: 3672: If you create a problem like this, hit 3673: \series bold 3674: Submit Changes 3675: \series default 3676: , then hit 3677: \series bold 3678: View 3679: \series default 3680: after the changes have been submitted, you can try the problem out for 3681: yourself. 3682: Note the last box in the HTML page has the answer LON-CAPA is looking for 3683: conveniently displayed for you, along with the range the computer will 3684: accept and the number of significant digits the computer requires when 3685: viewed by an 3686: \series bold 3687: Author 3688: \series default 3689: . 3690: \layout Standard 3691: 3692: As you're playing with the problem, if you use up all your tries or get 3693: the answer correct but wish to continue playing with the problem, use the 3694: 3695: \series bold 3696: Reset Submissions 3697: \series default 3698: button to clear your answer attempts. 3699: 3700: \layout Subsection 3701: 3702: Simple Script Usage 3703: \layout Standard 3704: 3705: Totally static problems only scratch the surface of the Numerical Response 3706: capabilities. 3707: To really explore the power of LON-CAPA, we need to start creating dynamic 3708: problems. 3709: But before we can get to truly dynamic problems, we need to learn how to 3710: work with the 3711: \series bold 3712: Script 3713: \begin_inset LatexCommand \index{Script} 3714: 3715: \end_inset 3716: 3717: 3718: \series default 3719: window. 3720: \layout Standard 3721: 3722: A script consists of several 3723: \series bold 3724: statements 3725: \series default 3726: , separated by 3727: \series bold 3728: semi-colons 3729: \series default 3730: . 3731: A 3732: \series bold 3733: statement 3734: \begin_inset LatexCommand \index{statement} 3735: 3736: \end_inset 3737: 3738: 3739: \series default 3740: is the smallest kind of instruction to the computer. 3741: Most problems will be built from several statements. 3742: 3743: \layout Standard 3744: 3745: A script can contain 3746: \series bold 3747: comments 3748: \series default 3749: , which are not interpreted as statements by the computer. 3750: Comments start with 3751: \series bold 3752: # 3753: \series default 3754: , and go to the end of that line. 3755: Thus, if a line starts with #, the whole line is ignored. 3756: Comments can also begin in the middle of a line. 3757: It is a good idea to comment more complicated scripts, as it can be very 3758: difficult to read a large script and figure out what it does. 3759: It is a 3760: \emph on 3761: very 3762: \emph default 3763: good idea to adopt some sort of commenting standard, especially if you 3764: are working in a group or you believe other people may use your problems 3765: in the future. 3766: \layout Itemize 3767: 3768: One of the simplest statements in LON-CAPA is a 3769: \series bold 3770: variable assignment 3771: \series default 3772: . 3773: A 3774: \series bold 3775: variable 3776: \series default 3777: can hold any value in it. 3778: The variable name must start with a 3779: \series bold 3780: $ 3781: \series default 3782: . 3783: In the 3784: \series bold 3785: Script 3786: \series default 3787: , you need to assign to variables before you use them. 3788: Put this program into the 3789: \series bold 3790: Script 3791: \series default 3792: field of the Numerical Response: 3793: \begin_deeper 3794: \layout LyX-Code 3795: 3796: $variable = 3; 3797: \layout Standard 3798: 3799: This creates a variable named 3800: \series bold 3801: variable 3802: \series default 3803: and assigns it the value of 3804: \begin_inset Quotes eld 3805: \end_inset 3806: 3807: 3 3808: \begin_inset Quotes erd 3809: \end_inset 3810: 3811: . 3812: That's one statement. 3813: \end_deeper 3814: \layout Standard 3815: 3816: Variable names are 3817: \emph on 3818: case sensitive 3819: \emph default 3820: , must start with a letter, and can only consist of letters, numbers, and 3821: underscores. 3822: Variable names can be as long as you want. 3823: 3824: \layout Standard 3825: 3826: There are many variable naming conventions, covering both how to name and 3827: how to capitalize variables 3828: \begin_inset Foot 3829: collapsed true 3830: 3831: \layout Standard 3832: 3833: The author favors 3834: \family typewriter 3835: capsOnNewWords 3836: \family default 3837: . 3838: Some people use 3839: \family typewriter 3840: underscore_to_separate_words 3841: \family default 3842: . 3843: Many use uppercase letters to specify constants like 3844: \family typewriter 3845: PI 3846: \family default 3847: or 3848: \family typewriter 3849: GOLDEN_MEAN 3850: \family default 3851: . 3852: Some people always 3853: \family typewriter 3854: StartWithCapatalization 3855: \family default 3856: . 3857: What's really important is to be consistent, so you don't have to guess 3858: whether the variable you're thinking of is 3859: \family typewriter 3860: coefFriction 3861: \family default 3862: , 3863: \family typewriter 3864: CoefFriction 3865: \family default 3866: , 3867: \family typewriter 3868: COEF_FRICTION 3869: \family default 3870: , or something else. 3871: \end_inset 3872: 3873: . 3874: It is a good idea to adopt a standard. 3875: If you are working with a group, you may wish to discuss it in your group 3876: and agree on a convention. 3877: 3878: \layout Standard 3879: 3880: If you 3881: \series bold 3882: Submit Changes 3883: \series default 3884: and 3885: \series bold 3886: View 3887: \series default 3888: the problem, you'll see nothing has changed. 3889: That's because in order for a variable to be useful, it must be used. 3890: The variable can be used in several places. 3891: \layout Subsubsection 3892: 3893: Variables in Scripts 3894: \layout Standard 3895: 3896: Variables can be used later in the same script. 3897: For instance, we can add another line below the 3898: \family typewriter 3899: $variable 3900: \family default 3901: line as such: 3902: \layout LyX-Code 3903: 3904: $variable2 = $variable + 2; 3905: \layout Standard 3906: 3907: Now there is a variable called 3908: \family typewriter 3909: $variable2 3910: \family default 3911: with the the number 3912: \begin_inset Quotes eld 3913: \end_inset 3914: 3915: 5 3916: \begin_inset Quotes erd 3917: \end_inset 3918: 3919: as its value. 3920: 3921: \layout Standard 3922: 3923: Variables can also be used in 3924: \emph on 3925: strings 3926: \emph default 3927: 3928: \begin_inset LatexCommand \index{strings} 3929: 3930: \end_inset 3931: 3932: , which are a sequence of letters. 3933: The underlying language of the script, Perl, has a very large number of 3934: ways of using variables in strings, but the easiest and most common way 3935: is to use normal double-quotes and just spell out the name of the variable 3936: you want to use in the string, like this: 3937: \layout LyX-Code 3938: 3939: $stringVar = 3940: \begin_inset Quotes eld 3941: \end_inset 3942: 3943: I have a variable with the value $variable. 3944: \begin_inset Quotes erd 3945: \end_inset 3946: 3947: 3948: \layout Standard 3949: 3950: This will put the string 3951: \begin_inset Quotes eld 3952: \end_inset 3953: 3954: I have a variable with the value 3. 3955: \begin_inset Quotes erd 3956: \end_inset 3957: 3958: into the variable named 3959: \begin_inset Quotes eld 3960: \end_inset 3961: 3962: stringVar 3963: \begin_inset Quotes erd 3964: \end_inset 3965: 3966: . 3967: \layout Standard 3968: 3969: If you are following this chapter as a tutorial, add the previous two lines 3970: to your 3971: \series bold 3972: Script 3973: \series default 3974: and submit the changes for the problem. 3975: There's no need to view it; there's still no visible change. 3976: \layout Subsubsection 3977: 3978: Variables in the Text Block 3979: \layout Standard 3980: 3981: Once you've defined variables in the 3982: \series bold 3983: Script 3984: \series default 3985: , you can use them in the 3986: \series bold 3987: Text Block 3988: \series default 3989: . 3990: For example, using the previous three-line script we've created so far, 3991: you can place the following in the 3992: \series bold 3993: Text Block 3994: \series default 3995: : 3996: \layout LyX-Code 3997: 3998: See the 3: $variable<br /> 3999: \layout LyX-Code 4000: 4001: See the string: <b>$stringVar</b><br /> 4002: \layout Standard 4003: 4004: 4005: \begin_inset Float figure 4006: placement htbp 4007: wide false 4008: collapsed false 4009: 4010: \layout Standard 4011: \align center 4012: 4013: \begin_inset Graphics FormatVersion 1 4014: filename numericalResponseVarInText.eps 4015: display color 4016: size_type 0 4017: rotateOrigin center 4018: lyxsize_type 1 4019: lyxwidth 353pt 4020: lyxheight 99pt 4021: \end_inset 4022: 4023: 4024: \layout Caption 4025: 4026: Result of Variables in the Text Block 4027: \begin_inset LatexCommand \label{Result of Variables in the Text Block Figure} 4028: 4029: \end_inset 4030: 4031: 4032: \end_inset 4033: 4034: If you save that and hit 4035: \series bold 4036: View 4037: \series default 4038: , you should get what you see in figure 4039: \begin_inset LatexCommand \ref{Result of Variables in the Text Block Figure} 4040: 4041: \end_inset 4042: 4043: . 4044: Note how the 4045: \begin_inset Quotes eld 4046: \end_inset 4047: 4048: $variable 4049: \begin_inset Quotes erd 4050: \end_inset 4051: 4052: was turned into a 3, and the 4053: \begin_inset Quotes eld 4054: \end_inset 4055: 4056: $stringVar 4057: \begin_inset Quotes erd 4058: \end_inset 4059: 4060: was turned into 4061: \begin_inset Quotes eld 4062: \end_inset 4063: 4064: I have a variable with the value 3. 4065: \begin_inset Quotes erd 4066: \end_inset 4067: 4068: 4069: \layout Subsubsection 4070: 4071: Variables in the Answer Block 4072: \layout Standard 4073: 4074: You can use variables in the 4075: \series bold 4076: Answer 4077: \series default 4078: part of the question, too. 4079: This means you can compute an answer to a question, which we'll see in 4080: a bit. 4081: If you set the answer of the question to be 4082: \series bold 4083: $variable 4084: \series default 4085: , 4086: \series bold 4087: Save Changes 4088: \series default 4089: and 4090: \series bold 4091: View 4092: \series default 4093: it, you'll see that LON-CAPA is now expecting 4094: \begin_inset Quotes eld 4095: \end_inset 4096: 4097: 3.0 4098: \begin_inset Quotes erd 4099: \end_inset 4100: 4101: as the answer, plus or minus 5%. 4102: \layout Subsection 4103: 4104: Calling Functions 4105: \layout Standard 4106: 4107: With variables, you can store strings or numbers. 4108: 4109: \series bold 4110: Functions 4111: \series default 4112: allow you to manipulate these strings or numbers. 4113: Functions work like mathematical functions: They take some number of arguments 4114: in, and return one argument, usually a number or a string for our purposes. 4115: There are a lot of functions available in LON-CAPA. 4116: You can see a complete list at http://mileva.lite.msu.edu/loncapadocs/homework/hom 4117: ework5.html. 4118: For now, let's just look at some simple examples. 4119: \layout Standard 4120: 4121: 4122: \begin_inset Float figure 4123: placement htbp 4124: wide false 4125: collapsed false 4126: 4127: \layout LyX-Code 4128: 4129: $a = -3.0; 4130: \layout LyX-Code 4131: 4132: $b = &sin($a); 4133: \layout LyX-Code 4134: 4135: $c = &pow(3.0, &abs($a)); 4136: \layout Caption 4137: 4138: Some Function Calls 4139: \begin_inset LatexCommand \label{Some Function Calls Figure} 4140: 4141: \end_inset 4142: 4143: 4144: \end_inset 4145: 4146: In the 4147: \series bold 4148: Script 4149: \series default 4150: block, function names start with 4151: \series bold 4152: & 4153: \series default 4154: . 4155: Some example function calls are shown in figure 4156: \begin_inset LatexCommand \ref{Some Function Calls Figure} 4157: 4158: \end_inset 4159: 4160: . 4161: You can see that functions can take either variables, numbers, or the results 4162: of other function calls as parameters. 4163: The 4164: \family typewriter 4165: &sin 4166: \family default 4167: function returns the sine of an angle expressed in radians. 4168: 4169: \family typewriter 4170: &pow 4171: \family default 4172: raises the first parameter to the power of the second parameter. 4173: 4174: \family typewriter 4175: &abs 4176: \family default 4177: returns the absolute value of the argument. 4178: \layout Subsubsection 4179: 4180: Randomization 4181: \begin_inset LatexCommand \index{Randomization} 4182: 4183: \end_inset 4184: 4185: 4186: \layout Standard 4187: 4188: For LON-CAPA, one of the most important functions is the 4189: \family typewriter 4190: random 4191: \family default 4192: function. 4193: Random takes three parameters: a 4194: \emph on 4195: lower limit 4196: \emph default 4197: , an 4198: \emph on 4199: upper limit 4200: \emph default 4201: , and an 4202: \emph on 4203: interval 4204: \emph default 4205: . 4206: The 4207: \family typewriter 4208: &random 4209: \family default 4210: function returns a random value between the upper and lower limit, some 4211: integer number of 4212: \emph on 4213: interval 4214: \emph default 4215: 's away from the lower limit. 4216: Thus, for example, 4217: \family typewriter 4218: &random(1,2,.2) 4219: \family default 4220: might return 1, 1.2, 1.4, 1.6, 1.8, or 2. 4221: 4222: \family typewriter 4223: &random 4224: \family default 4225: uses a uniform distribution. 4226: Other distributions are available in LON-CAPA, and can be found by consulting 4227: the function list. 4228: \layout Standard 4229: 4230: 4231: \begin_inset Float figure 4232: placement htbp 4233: wide false 4234: collapsed false 4235: 4236: \layout LyX-Code 4237: 4238: $a = &random(1.0,10.0,1.0); 4239: \layout LyX-Code 4240: 4241: $b = &random(-10.0, -3.0, 1.0); 4242: \layout LyX-Code 4243: 4244: $answer = $a+$b; 4245: \layout Caption 4246: 4247: Sample 4248: \family typewriter 4249: random 4250: \family default 4251: Calls 4252: \begin_inset LatexCommand \label{Sample Random Calls figure} 4253: 4254: \end_inset 4255: 4256: 4257: \end_inset 4258: 4259: If you put the script in figure 4260: \begin_inset LatexCommand \ref{Sample Random Calls figure} 4261: 4262: \end_inset 4263: 4264: into the 4265: \series bold 4266: Script 4267: \series default 4268: block (replacing whatever contents might be in the block already), you'll 4269: get two random variables $a and $b. 4270: Now, in the 4271: \series bold 4272: Text Block 4273: \series default 4274: , put 4275: \begin_inset Quotes eld 4276: \end_inset 4277: 4278: What is $a plus $b? 4279: \begin_inset Quotes erd 4280: \end_inset 4281: 4282: , and in the 4283: \series bold 4284: Answer 4285: \series default 4286: put 4287: \begin_inset Quotes eld 4288: \end_inset 4289: 4290: $answer 4291: \begin_inset Quotes erd 4292: \end_inset 4293: 4294: , without the quotes for either of them. 4295: (It is a good idea to create a variable to hold the answer and call it 4296: $answer, or some other reasonably standard name. 4297: Do not try to compute the answer in the 4298: \series bold 4299: Answer 4300: \series default 4301: field itself; it will not work as you expect.) Now save the problem and 4302: 4303: \series bold 4304: View 4305: \series default 4306: it. 4307: You'll see a randomized problem. 4308: \layout Standard 4309: 4310: For each student, the same random number will be used each time they visit 4311: the problem, but each student will get different random numbers. 4312: For any but the simplest random problems, you'll want to see several random 4313: problems to make sure everything is working out correctly. 4314: This is what the 4315: \series bold 4316: Random Seed 4317: \begin_inset LatexCommand \index{Random Seed} 4318: 4319: \end_inset 4320: 4321: 4322: \series default 4323: field is for. 4324: To see another randomized version of the problem you've just created, put 4325: another number into the 4326: \series bold 4327: Random Seed 4328: \series default 4329: field and hit 4330: \series bold 4331: Change 4332: \series default 4333: . 4334: It doesn't really matter what number you put into the field. 4335: But for any given 4336: \series bold 4337: Random Seed 4338: \series default 4339: with the same problem, you'll see the same randomized problem generated 4340: for you. 4341: (If you change the 4342: \series bold 4343: Script 4344: \series default 4345: , you are no longer guaranteed to get the same problem.) 4346: \layout Standard 4347: 4348: If you're doing this as a tutorial, try a few random seeds to see what happens. 4349: \layout Subsection 4350: 4351: Dynamic, Randomized Problems: Putting It All Together 4352: \layout Standard 4353: 4354: Now you have all the tools to create those wonderful dynamic, randomized 4355: problems that you've seen in LON-CAPA. 4356: \begin_inset Float figure 4357: placement htbp 4358: wide false 4359: collapsed false 4360: 4361: \layout Standard 4362: \align center 4363: 4364: \begin_inset Graphics FormatVersion 1 4365: filename numericalResponseSlopeProblem.eps 4366: display color 4367: size_type 1 4368: width 80page% 4369: rotateOrigin center 4370: lyxsize_type 1 4371: lyxwidth 476pt 4372: lyxheight 197pt 4373: \end_inset 4374: 4375: 4376: \layout Caption 4377: 4378: Slope Problem Parameters 4379: \begin_inset LatexCommand \label{Slope Problem Parameters Figure} 4380: 4381: \end_inset 4382: 4383: 4384: \end_inset 4385: 4386: For example, try filling out your problem with the parameters shown in 4387: figure 4388: \begin_inset LatexCommand \ref{Slope Problem Parameters Figure} 4389: 4390: \end_inset 4391: 4392: . 4393: 4394: \layout Standard 4395: 4396: When creating randomized problems, you want to make sure that the problems 4397: always have an answer. 4398: Consider what might happen if I had chosen the two slopes 4399: \emph on 4400: both 4401: \emph default 4402: with the expression 4403: \family typewriter 4404: &random(-1.0,1.0,.2) 4405: \family default 4406: . 4407: One out of ten students would get a problem where both slopes were equal, 4408: which has either no solution (for unequal y-intercepts) or an infinite 4409: number of solutions (for equal slopes and y-intercepts). 4410: Both of these cause a division-by-zero error on the division that computes 4411: the answer. 4412: There are many ways to avoid this, one of the easiest of which is picking 4413: one slope negative and one positive. 4414: This same problem can show up in many other places, too, so be careful. 4415: \layout Subsection 4416: 4417: Units, Format 4418: \layout Standard 4419: 4420: Numerical Response problems can require units. 4421: In the problem editing form, place the desired unit in the 4422: \series bold 4423: Unit 4424: \series default 4425: field. 4426: For information about what units the system accepts, see http://capa4.lite.msu.edu 4427: /demolibrary/Links/UnitsSymbolsT2.html. 4428: The computer will accept the answer in any of its accepted unit formats. 4429: For example, if the answer to a problem is 4430: \begin_inset Quotes eld 4431: \end_inset 4432: 4433: 1ft 4434: \begin_inset Quotes erd 4435: \end_inset 4436: 4437: , the computer will accept 4438: \begin_inset Quotes eld 4439: \end_inset 4440: 4441: 12in 4442: \begin_inset Quotes erd 4443: \end_inset 4444: 4445: as correct. 4446: \layout Standard 4447: 4448: Additionally, you can format the number displayed by the computer as the 4449: answer. 4450: For instance, if the answer is one-third, the computer will display that 4451: it computed 4452: \begin_inset Quotes eld 4453: \end_inset 4454: 4455: .333333333 4456: \begin_inset Quotes erd 4457: \end_inset 4458: 4459: as the answer. 4460: If you'd like to shorten that, you can use the 4461: \series bold 4462: Format 4463: \series default 4464: field. 4465: Format strings like 4466: \begin_inset Quotes eld 4467: \end_inset 4468: 4469: 2E 4470: \begin_inset Quotes erd 4471: \end_inset 4472: 4473: (without the quotes) will display three significant digits in scientific 4474: notation. 4475: Format strings like 4476: \begin_inset Quotes eld 4477: \end_inset 4478: 4479: 2f 4480: \begin_inset Quotes erd 4481: \end_inset 4482: 4483: will display two digits after the decimal point. 4484: \layout Subsection 4485: 4486: For More Information 4487: \layout Standard 4488: 4489: The full power of Perl is well outside the scope of this document. 4490: Looking in the function list at 4491: \newline 4492: http://mileva.lite.msu.edu/loncapadocs/homework/homework5.html 4493: \newline 4494: can give you some ideas. 4495: O'Reilly has some good Perl books. 4496: The Perl 5 Pocket Reference will contain more than what you need to know 4497: to use LON-CAPA, available at 4498: \newline 4499: http://www.oreilly.com/catalog/perlpr3/ . 4500: \layout Standard 4501: 4502: If you have any problems, consult http://help.loncapa.org/fom/cache/5.html 4503: . 4504: If you don't find the answer to your problem, please help us expand the 4505: FAQ by submitting a new pending question. 4506: \layout Standard 4507: 4508: Our advanced users often come to prefer the XML interface for the problems, 4509: available through the 4510: \series bold 4511: EditXML 4512: \series default 4513: buttons. 4514: Covering the XML format is beyond the scope of this manual, but you can 4515: learn a lot by using the editor to make changes and seeing what happens 4516: to the XML. 4517: \layout Subsection 4518: 4519: Formula Response 4520: \begin_inset LatexCommand \index{Formula Response} 4521: 4522: \end_inset 4523: 4524: 4525: \begin_inset LatexCommand \label{Formula Response} 4526: 4527: \end_inset 4528: 4529: Problems 4530: \layout Standard 4531: 4532: 4533: \begin_inset Float figure 4534: placement htbp 4535: wide false 4536: collapsed false 4537: 4538: \layout Standard 4539: \align center 4540: 4541: \begin_inset Graphics FormatVersion 1 4542: filename formulaResponse.eps 4543: display color 4544: size_type 1 4545: width 80page% 4546: rotateOrigin center 4547: lyxsize_type 1 4548: lyxwidth 476pt 4549: lyxheight 262pt 4550: \end_inset 4551: 4552: 4553: \layout Caption 4554: 4555: Formula Response Problem 4556: \end_inset 4557: 4558: Formula response problems asks the student to type in a formula as an answer. 4559: If the answer is 4560: \begin_inset Formula $2x^{2}+4$ 4561: \end_inset 4562: 4563: , the student is allowed to type 4564: \begin_inset Quotes eld 4565: \end_inset 4566: 4567: 2*x*x+4 4568: \begin_inset Quotes erd 4569: \end_inset 4570: 4571: , 4572: \begin_inset Quotes eld 4573: \end_inset 4574: 4575: x*x + x*x + 4 4576: \begin_inset Quotes erd 4577: \end_inset 4578: 4579: , 4580: \begin_inset Quotes eld 4581: \end_inset 4582: 4583: 2*x^2 + 14 - 10 4584: \begin_inset Quotes erd 4585: \end_inset 4586: 4587: , or any other equivalent expression. 4588: Formula Response problems have many of the same characteristics of Numerical 4589: Response problems, including the ability to run scripts, dynamically generate 4590: answers, etc. 4591: 4592: \layout Standard 4593: 4594: As you may know, it is extremely difficult to determine whether a given 4595: expression is exactly equal to another expression in general. 4596: For example, is 4597: \begin_inset Formula $\sin 2x=2\sin x\cos x$ 4598: \end_inset 4599: 4600: ? Symbolically proving it one way or another is impossible in general. 4601: Therefore, LON-CAPA uses a sampling system. 4602: If your answer and the student's answer agree at the sampling points within 4603: your given tolerance factor, the student's answer will be accepted, otherwise 4604: it will be rejected. 4605: \layout Subsubsection 4606: 4607: Sampling Specifications 4608: \layout Standard 4609: 4610: To specify where to sample the formulas for determining whether the student's 4611: answer is correct, you need to put a sampling specification in the 4612: \series bold 4613: Sample Points 4614: \series default 4615: 4616: \begin_inset LatexCommand \index{Sample Points} 4617: 4618: \end_inset 4619: 4620: field. 4621: The sampling specifications takes the following format: 4622: \layout Enumerate 4623: 4624: A comma separated list of the variables you wish to interpret, 4625: \layout Enumerate 4626: 4627: followed by 4628: \begin_inset Quotes eld 4629: \end_inset 4630: 4631: @ 4632: \begin_inset Quotes erd 4633: \end_inset 4634: 4635: (not in quotes), 4636: \layout Enumerate 4637: 4638: followed by any number of the following two things, separated by semi-colons: 4639: \begin_deeper 4640: \layout Enumerate 4641: 4642: a comma separated list of as many numbers as there are variables, which 4643: specifies one sampling point, OR 4644: \layout Enumerate 4645: 4646: a comma separated list of as many numbers as there are variables, followed 4647: by a colon, followed by another list of as many numbers as there are variables, 4648: followed by a #, followed by an integer. 4649: \end_deeper 4650: \layout Standard 4651: 4652: The first form specifies one point to sample. 4653: The second form specifies a range for each variable, and the system will 4654: take as many random samples from that range as the number after the #. 4655: \layout Standard 4656: 4657: For 4658: \begin_inset Formula $2x^{2}+4$ 4659: \end_inset 4660: 4661: , with one variable 4662: \begin_inset Quotes eld 4663: \end_inset 4664: 4665: x 4666: \begin_inset Quotes erd 4667: \end_inset 4668: 4669: , one could specify 4670: \layout Itemize 4671: 4672: 4673: \begin_inset Quotes eld 4674: \end_inset 4675: 4676: x@2 4677: \begin_inset Quotes erd 4678: \end_inset 4679: 4680: , which will sample the answers only at 2. 4681: (This is generally a bad idea, as the student could get lucky and match 4682: at that point) 4683: \layout Itemize 4684: 4685: 4686: \begin_inset Quotes eld 4687: \end_inset 4688: 4689: x@1:5#4 4690: \begin_inset Quotes erd 4691: \end_inset 4692: 4693: will takes 4 samples from somewhere between 1 and 5. 4694: \layout Itemize 4695: 4696: 4697: \begin_inset Quotes eld 4698: \end_inset 4699: 4700: x@1:5#4;10 4701: \begin_inset Quotes erd 4702: \end_inset 4703: 4704: will takes 4 samples from somewhere between 1 and 5, and also sample at 4705: 10. 4706: \layout Standard 4707: 4708: For 4709: \begin_inset Formula $2x^{2}+3y^{3}$ 4710: \end_inset 4711: 4712: , which has two variables, one could specify 4713: \layout Itemize 4714: 4715: 4716: \begin_inset Quotes eld 4717: \end_inset 4718: 4719: x,y@4,5:10,12#4;0,0 4720: \begin_inset Quotes erd 4721: \end_inset 4722: 4723: , which take four samples from the box determined by the points (4, 5) and 4724: (10, 12), and also sample the point (0, 0). 4725: \layout Subsubsection 4726: 4727: Formula Notes 4728: \layout Itemize 4729: 4730: The formula evaluator can not handle things of the form 4731: \begin_inset Quotes eld 4732: \end_inset 4733: 4734: x + - y 4735: \begin_inset Quotes erd 4736: \end_inset 4737: 4738: . 4739: If you have a random variable that may be positive or negative (as in the 4740: example following this section), you can try wrapping the references to 4741: that variable in parenthesis. 4742: As always, it is a good idea to try out several randomized versions of 4743: your problems to make sure everything works correctly. 4744: \layout Itemize 4745: 4746: 4747: \series bold 4748: Never use relative tolerance in Formula Response problems. 4749: \begin_inset LatexCommand \index{tolerance, in formula response} 4750: 4751: \end_inset 4752: 4753: 4754: \begin_inset LatexCommand \index{relative tolerance, in formula response} 4755: 4756: \end_inset 4757: 4758: 4759: \series default 4760: Relative tolerance is poorly defined in Formula Response problems. 4761: Always use absolute tolerance. 4762: \layout Subsubsection 4763: 4764: Example Formula Response 4765: \layout Standard 4766: 4767: A very simple formula response problem: 4768: \layout Standard 4769: 4770: In the 4771: \series bold 4772: Script 4773: \series default 4774: , place the following: 4775: \layout LyX-Code 4776: 4777: $slope = &random(-5.0,5.0,.5); 4778: \layout LyX-Code 4779: 4780: $yint = &random(-5.0,5.0,.5); 4781: \layout LyX-Code 4782: 4783: $answer = 4784: \begin_inset Quotes eld 4785: \end_inset 4786: 4787: $slope*x + ($yint) 4788: \begin_inset Quotes erd 4789: \end_inset 4790: 4791: ; 4792: \layout Itemize 4793: 4794: In the 4795: \series bold 4796: Text Block 4797: \series default 4798: , place the following: 4799: \begin_inset Quotes eld 4800: \end_inset 4801: 4802: For a line with slope $slope and y-intercept $yint, what is y equal to? 4803: \begin_inset Quotes erd 4804: \end_inset 4805: 4806: 4807: \layout Itemize 4808: 4809: In the 4810: \series bold 4811: Answer 4812: \series default 4813: , place the following: $answer 4814: \layout Itemize 4815: 4816: Set the Tolerance to .000001. 4817: \layout Itemize 4818: 4819: Set the 4820: \series bold 4821: Sample Points 4822: \series default 4823: to x@0,1,2,3 . 4824: \the_end