Annotation of doc/tutorial/tutorial.lyx, revision 1.5
1.1 bowersj2 1: #LyX 1.1 created this file. For more info see http://www.lyx.org/
2: \lyxformat 218
3: \textclass article
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1.1 bowersj2 22: \secnumdepth 3
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24: \paragraph_separation indent
25: \defskip medskip
26: \quotes_language english
27: \quotes_times 2
28: \papercolumns 1
29: \papersides 1
1.5 ! bowersj2 30: \paperpagestyle headings
1.1 bowersj2 31:
32: \layout Title
33:
1.3 bowersj2 34: Learning
1.1 bowersj2 35: \emph on
36: Online
37: \emph default
38: Network with CAPA
1.3 bowersj2 39: \newline
40:
41: \emph on
42: \SpecialChar ~
43:
44: \newline
45:
46: \size larger
47: Author's Tutorial And Manual
1.1 bowersj2 48: \layout Standard
1.2 bowersj2 49: \added_space_top vfill \align center
50: \SpecialChar ~
51:
52: \layout Standard
53: \align center
54: This manual was developed by John Williamson in the Office of Medical Education
55: Research and Development.
56: Some information in thie manual is adapted from the
57: \begin_inset Quotes eld
58: \end_inset
59:
60: LON-CAPA Workshop Demo
61: \begin_inset Quotes erd
62: \end_inset
63:
64: developed by Felicia Berryman in the Laboratory for Instructional Technology
65: in Education.
66: \layout Standard
67:
68: \SpecialChar ~
69:
70: \layout Standard
71: \pagebreak_bottom \align center
1.1 bowersj2 72: Laboratory for Instructional Technology in Education
73: \newline
74: and the
75: \newline
76: Office of Medical Education Research and Development
77: \newline
78: Michigan State University
79: \newline
80:
81: \layout Standard
82: \pagebreak_bottom
83:
84: \begin_inset LatexCommand \tableofcontents{}
85:
86: \end_inset
87:
88:
89: \layout Section
90:
91: Introduction to LON-CAPA
92: \layout Comment
93:
1.5 ! bowersj2 94: This is a comment that will not show in any other rendering of this document.
1.1 bowersj2 95: I will use them to document my observations as I work through this tutorial.
96: \layout Comment
97:
98: Imagine a big
99: \begin_inset Quotes eld
100: \end_inset
101:
102: IMHO
103: \begin_inset Quotes erd
104: \end_inset
105:
106: on all of these comments; I'm just going to give you my comments straight
107: out.
108: I'm not attached to them and won't be offended by anything you say or do
109: about them.
110: \layout Standard
111:
112: LON-CAPA is a web-based interface that helps to organize and present your
1.5 ! bowersj2 113: course website, deliver and manage problems, and manage student enrollment.
! 114: All author functions are done using a web browser (Netscape 4.x or higher,
! 115: a recent Mozilla, or IE 5+ required) and the LON-CAPA Author Interface.
1.1 bowersj2 116: \layout Standard
117:
118: At this time, you should have:
119: \layout Itemize
120:
121: developed your objectives for your course.
122:
123: \layout Itemize
124:
125: developed your problems for testing and identified the question formats.
1.3 bowersj2 126: \layout Subsection
127:
128: About This Manual
129: \layout Standard
130:
131: Throughout this manual, keywords and phrases literally present on the computer
132: screen will be referred to in
133: \series bold
134: bold type
135: \series default
136: .
1.4 bowersj2 137: Function names and scripts will be shown in a
138: \family typewriter
139: typewriter font
140: \family default
141: .
1.3 bowersj2 142: \layout Standard
143:
1.5 ! bowersj2 144: Much of this document can be used as a tutorial that will introduce you
! 145: to the authoring system.
! 146: In particular, chapters
1.3 bowersj2 147: \begin_inset LatexCommand \ref{Author Interface}
148:
149: \end_inset
150:
151: through
152: \begin_inset LatexCommand \ref{Creating a Course}
153:
154: \end_inset
155:
1.5 ! bowersj2 156: comprise a basic tutorial that can get you started using LON-CAPA, even
! 157: with no previous LON-CAPA experience.
1.1 bowersj2 158: \layout Standard
159:
1.5 ! bowersj2 160: For more information, see the website at
! 161: \family typewriter
! 162: http://help.loncapa.org/
! 163: \family default
! 164: , where you can get help.
1.3 bowersj2 165: If you cannot find an answer for your question, please email us and let
1.5 ! bowersj2 166: us know, so we can put the solution to your problem online for everyone.
1.1 bowersj2 167: \layout Section
168:
169: The LON-CAPA Author Interface
1.3 bowersj2 170: \begin_inset LatexCommand \label{Author Interface}
171:
172: \end_inset
173:
174:
1.1 bowersj2 175: \layout Subsection
176:
177: Login as Course Author
178: \begin_inset LatexCommand \index{Course Author}
179:
180: \end_inset
181:
182:
183: \layout Standard
184:
185: To begin using LON-CAPA, you first need to log in to your account on LON-CAPA.
1.5 ! bowersj2 186: Open your web browser and navigate to your local LON-CAPA URL.
1.1 bowersj2 187: You will be presented with a log in screen as in figure
188: \begin_inset LatexCommand \ref{LON-CAPA Log in screen}
189:
190: \end_inset
191:
192: .
193:
194: \begin_float fig
195: \layout Standard
196: \align center
197:
198: \begin_inset Figure size 297 234
199: file login.eps
200: width 3 50
201: flags 11
202:
203: \end_inset
204:
205:
1.2 bowersj2 206: \layout Caption
207:
208:
209: \begin_inset LatexCommand \label{LON-CAPA Log in screen}
210:
211: \end_inset
212:
213: LON-CAPA Log in screen
1.1 bowersj2 214: \end_float
215: \layout Standard
216:
217: Fill in the Username and Password boxes with your information.
218: Then press the Login button.
219: This will take you to your LON-CAPA User Roles menu.
220: \layout Description
221:
1.3 bowersj2 222: Note: Your Username and Password will be given to you by your system administrat
223: or.
224: Both are case sensitive, so make sure you type them with the correct case.
1.1 bowersj2 225: \layout Subsection
226:
227:
228: \begin_inset LatexCommand \index{Author Remote Control}
229:
230: \end_inset
231:
232: Author Remote Control
233: \layout Comment
234:
235: Comment on the remote controls: I'll only mention this once, but imagine
236: this comment exists everywhere a remote control image is used.
237: The whole
238: \begin_inset Quotes eld
239: \end_inset
240:
241: remote control
242: \begin_inset Quotes erd
243: \end_inset
244:
245: metaphor is fundamentally flawed and probably can't be salvaged.
246: Why is it flawed?
247: \layout Comment
248:
249: \SpecialChar ~
250:
251: \layout Comment
252:
253: 1.
254: The remote control invokes a metaphor, that of remote controls.
255: However, remote controls are useful in the real world, despite the overwhelming
256: complexity of modern remotes, for three major reasons: One, they never,
257: ever, ever change.
258: Two, they provide immense amounts of tactile feedback, allowing one to
1.5 ! bowersj2 259: overcome the complexity of using one by putting the knowledge into motor
1.1 bowersj2 260: memory.
261: (There are equivalent usability principles in usability, as well; look
262: up Fitt's Law, for instance.) Three, they all basically do the same thing;
263: pick up an unfamiliar TV control and you at least know in advance there
264: will be numbers for channel changing, vol up and down, chan up and down,
265: mute, etc.
266: The remotes used in this system do not have any of these properties.
267: Remotes are actually horrid UI, because they are very, very difficult to
268: learn; they make up for it by being useful and persistent.
269: \layout Comment
270:
271: Further, remotes should *do* things.
272: This remote is like a remote that no matter what button you push, it invokes
273: a menu.
274: Most remotes have
275: \series bold
276: one
277: \series default
278: explicit
279: \begin_inset Quotes eld
280: \end_inset
281:
282: menu
283: \begin_inset Quotes erd
284: \end_inset
285:
286: button to invoke a menu that has all the feature that aren't worth valuable
287: remote control space.
288: \layout Comment
289:
1.5 ! bowersj2 290: In fact, the metaphor is so unsuccessful that any moderately savvy Internet
1.1 bowersj2 291: user will almost immediately come to conceptualize the remote as just another
1.5 ! bowersj2 292: list of links, albeit a clumsy and inconvenient one.
1.1 bowersj2 293: Why not give them that in the first place?
294: \layout Comment
295:
296: \SpecialChar ~
297:
298: \layout Comment
299:
300: 2.
301: Even the simplest
302: \begin_inset Quotes eld
303: \end_inset
304:
305: remote
306: \begin_inset Quotes erd
307: \end_inset
308:
309: I see in the tutorial has eight buttons, which nearly immediately becomes
310: seventeen (!) buttons, all incomprehensible, and I didn't get a chance
311: to count during the interview, but I saw a remote flash by (student remote?
312: admin remote? that wouldn't matter as much) that had at least twenty, probably
313: 24 buttons, again, all or nearly all incomprehensible.
314: This is needlessly intimidating.
315: \layout Comment
316:
317: \SpecialChar ~
318:
319: \layout Comment
320:
321: 3.
1.5 ! bowersj2 322: By committing to this
1.1 bowersj2 323: \begin_inset Quotes eld
324: \end_inset
325:
326: remote control
327: \begin_inset Quotes erd
328: \end_inset
329:
330: layout, you commit to a remote control's layout limitations, except that
1.5 ! bowersj2 331: an actual remote control can get away with a 6pt or smaller font, or weird
1.1 bowersj2 332: specialized symbols, or whatnot.
333: I'm looking at a (real) remote control right now that manages to get
334: \begin_inset Quotes eld
335: \end_inset
336:
337: channel return
338: \begin_inset Quotes erd
339: \end_inset
340:
341: onto one button.
342: That whole phrase fits *twice* into the space the
343: \begin_inset Quotes eld
344: \end_inset
345:
346: ROLES
347: \begin_inset Quotes erd
348: \end_inset
349:
1.5 ! bowersj2 350: button takes up on my printout! So in actuality, you're committing to something
1.1 bowersj2 351: no sane remote control designer could deal with.
352: \layout Comment
353:
354: \SpecialChar ~
355:
356: \layout Comment
357:
358: 4.
359: Requiring the user to mouse over something to see what it does is not a
360: solution.
361: Limiting yourself to an 8 by 2 array of characters to explain yourself
362: compounds the problem even more.
363: (Another over-literal extension of the remote control metaphor.) Also, as
364: you may have observed, the accessibility of this is nil.
365:
366: \layout Comment
367:
368: \SpecialChar ~
369:
370: \layout Comment
371:
372: The upshot is that the only upside to the remote control is a moderately
373: pleasing graphic; the downsides are pretty much everything, up to and including
1.5 ! bowersj2 374: possible illegality under accessibility laws.
1.1 bowersj2 375: Unfortunately, I do not see any way to salvage any aspect of the remote
376: control; it's going to suck until it's replaced.
377: Pleasing graphics are relatively easy to come by nowadays; it should not
378: drive the design.
379: I'll admit (freely!) I'm not a graphics designer...
380: graphics designers aren't web developers (designers), either.
381: \layout Comment
382:
383: \SpecialChar ~
384:
385: \layout Comment
386:
1.3 bowersj2 387: We're data-mining the web logs to see what people actually use.
1.1 bowersj2 388: This is good.
389: We may need to do some really simple stuff before he finishes.
390: Raw statistics on what buttons are pressed most often can probably be interpret
391: ed easily enough for our purposes.
392: No matter what the final design is, it should emphasize the two or three
393: commands used day in and day out, as determined by empirical analysis,
394: and shuffle the other commands onto another sub menu or sub menus.
395: Then, use the additional space you'll have (even if you keep the same size
396: window) and actually *spell out* the options.
397:
398: \layout Standard
399:
400: The Author Remote Control, show in figure
401: \begin_inset LatexCommand \ref{Author Remote Control Figure}
402:
403: \end_inset
404:
405: , will automatically load whenever you log in to LON-CAPA as the course
406: instructor.
407: The Author Remote Control is a separate window in your browser, so you
408: may position it on the screen where you can make the best use of it.
409: The Remote Control is a tool that allows you to switch between functions
410: and roles within LON-CAPA.
1.2 bowersj2 411:
1.1 bowersj2 412: \begin_float fig
1.2 bowersj2 413: \layout Standard
414: \align center
1.1 bowersj2 415:
1.2 bowersj2 416: \begin_inset Figure size 177 420
417: file authorRemote.eps
418: height 3 50
419: flags 9
1.1 bowersj2 420:
421: \end_inset
422:
423:
1.2 bowersj2 424: \layout Caption
1.1 bowersj2 425:
1.2 bowersj2 426: Author Remote Control
427: \begin_inset LatexCommand \label{Author Remote Control Figure}
1.1 bowersj2 428:
429: \end_inset
430:
431:
432: \end_float
1.2 bowersj2 433: \layout Comment
434:
1.1 bowersj2 435: Of the eight choices on this menu, only two (ROLES and LOGOUT) make *any*
436: sort of sense on a first glance.
437: Abbreviations are evil in this sort of application and should be used as
438: a truly last resort.
439: \layout Standard
440:
441: When you move your mouse over the buttons in the remote, the sixteen gray
442: boxes will show a reminder of what that button does.
443: \layout Itemize
444:
445:
446: \series bold
447: ROLES (CHOOSE ROLE)
448: \series default
449: allows you to select which user role to assume for this session.
450: \layout Itemize
451:
452:
453: \series bold
454: COM (COMMUNICATION)
455: \series default
456: allows you to access the communication functions in the system.
457: \layout Itemize
458:
459:
460: \series bold
461: CUSR (USER ROLES)
462: \series default
463: brings up a page that allows you to create new users and change user privileges.
464: \layout Itemize
465:
466:
467: \series bold
468: CSTR (CONSTRUCT)
469: \series default
470: displays the construction space for your account.
471: \layout Itemize
472:
473:
474: \series bold
475: RES (RESOURCE SPACE)
476: \series default
477: allows you to browse the LON-CAPA network directory.
478: \layout Itemize
479:
480:
481: \series bold
482: EGRD (ENTER GRADES)
483: \series default
484: is used to enter grades for students enrolled in your course.
485: \layout Itemize
486:
487:
488: \series bold
489: SRC (SEARCH LIBRARY)
490: \series default
491: brings up a screen that lets you search the LON-CAPA resources using multiple
492: criteria.
493: \layout Itemize
494:
495:
496: \series bold
497: LOGOUT (LOGOUT)
498: \series default
499: will log you out of the LON-CAPA system.
500: \layout Section
501:
502: Creating Content Using LON-CAPA
503: \layout Standard
504:
505: LON-CAPA provides three types of resources for organizing your course website.
506: LON-CAPA refers to these resources as Content Pages, Problems, and Maps.
507: Maps may be either of two types: Sequences or Pages.
508: You will use these LON-CAPA resources to build the outline, or structure,
509: for the presentation of your course to your students.
510: \layout Itemize
511:
512: A
513: \series bold
514: Content Page
515: \series default
516:
517: \begin_inset LatexCommand \index{Content Page}
518:
519: \end_inset
520:
521: displays course content.
1.3 bowersj2 522: It is essentially a conventional HTML page.
1.5 ! bowersj2 523: These resources use the extension
! 524: \begin_inset Quotes eld
! 525: \end_inset
! 526:
! 527: .html
! 528: \begin_inset Quotes erd
! 529: \end_inset
1.1 bowersj2 530:
1.5 ! bowersj2 531: .
1.1 bowersj2 532: \layout Itemize
533:
534: A
535: \series bold
536: Problem
537: \series default
538:
539: \begin_inset LatexCommand \index{Problem}
540:
541: \end_inset
542:
543: resource represents problems for the students to solve, with answers stored
544: in the system.
545: These resources are stored in files that must use the extension
546: \begin_inset Quotes eld
547: \end_inset
548:
549: .problem
550: \begin_inset Quotes erd
551: \end_inset
552:
553: .
554: \layout Itemize
555:
556: A
557: \series bold
558: Map
559: \series default
560:
561: \begin_inset LatexCommand \index{Map}
562:
563: \end_inset
564:
565: resource of the
566: \series bold
567: Sequence
568: \begin_inset LatexCommand \index{Sequence}
569:
570: \end_inset
571:
572:
573: \series default
574: type represents a programmed series of events.
1.5 ! bowersj2 575: The users of this resource can use directional buttons on their remote
! 576: or the NAV button to follow the sequence.
1.1 bowersj2 577: These resources are stored in files that must use the extension
578: \begin_inset Quotes eld
579: \end_inset
580:
581: .sequence
582: \begin_inset Quotes erd
583: \end_inset
584:
585: .
586: \layout Itemize
587:
588: A
589: \series bold
590: Map
591: \series default
592:
593: \begin_inset LatexCommand \index{Map}
594:
595: \end_inset
596:
597: resource of the
598: \series bold
599: Page
600: \series default
601:
602: \begin_inset LatexCommand \index{Page}
603:
604: \end_inset
605:
606: type display multiple resources together.
607: For example, a page of problems will appears as a problem set.
608: These resources are stored in files that must use the extension
609: \begin_inset Quotes eld
610: \end_inset
611:
612: .page
613: \begin_inset Quotes erd
614: \end_inset
615:
616: .
617: \layout Subsection
618:
619: Description of the Construction Space
620: \layout Standard
621:
622: \begin_float fig
1.2 bowersj2 623: \layout Standard
624: \align center
625:
626: \begin_inset Figure size 476 42
627: file constructionSpace.eps
628: width 3 80
629: flags 9
630:
631: \end_inset
632:
633:
1.1 bowersj2 634: \layout Caption
635:
636: Construction Space
637: \begin_inset LatexCommand \label{Construction Space Figure}
638:
639: \end_inset
640:
641:
1.5 ! bowersj2 642: \layout Standard
1.1 bowersj2 643:
1.5 ! bowersj2 644: Contents of the Construction Space:
1.1 bowersj2 645: \layout Standard
646:
647:
648: \begin_inset Tabular
649: <lyxtabular version="2" rows="10" columns="2">
1.5 ! bowersj2 650: <features rotate="false" islongtable="false" endhead="0" endfirsthead="0" endfoot="0" endlastfoot="0">
1.1 bowersj2 651: <column alignment="center" valignment="top" leftline="true" rightline="false" width="" special="">
652: <column alignment="left" valignment="top" leftline="true" rightline="true" width="5in" special="">
653: <row topline="true" bottomline="true" newpage="false">
654: <cell multicolumn="0" alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" bottomline="false" leftline="true" rightline="false" rotate="false" usebox="none" width="" special="">
655: \begin_inset Text
656:
657: \layout Standard
658:
659:
660: \series bold
661: Button Name
662: \end_inset
663: </cell>
664: <cell multicolumn="0" alignment="left" valignment="top" topline="true" bottomline="false" leftline="true" rightline="true" rotate="false" usebox="none" width="" special="">
665: \begin_inset Text
666:
667: \layout Standard
668:
669:
670: \series bold
671: Description
672: \end_inset
673: </cell>
674: </row>
675: <row topline="true" bottomline="false" newpage="false">
676: <cell multicolumn="0" alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" bottomline="false" leftline="true" rightline="false" rotate="false" usebox="none" width="" special="">
677: \begin_inset Text
678:
679: \layout Standard
680:
681: Publish this Resource
682: \end_inset
683: </cell>
684: <cell multicolumn="0" alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" bottomline="false" leftline="true" rightline="true" rotate="false" usebox="none" width="" special="">
685: \begin_inset Text
686:
687: \layout Standard
688:
1.2 bowersj2 689: Opens the Resource Publishing window.
1.1 bowersj2 690: \end_inset
691: </cell>
692: </row>
693: <row topline="true" bottomline="false" newpage="false">
694: <cell multicolumn="0" alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" bottomline="false" leftline="true" rightline="false" rotate="false" usebox="none" width="" special="">
695: \begin_inset Text
696:
697: \layout Standard
698:
699: List Directory
700: \end_inset
701: </cell>
702: <cell multicolumn="0" alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" bottomline="false" leftline="true" rightline="true" rotate="false" usebox="none" width="" special="">
703: \begin_inset Text
704:
705: \layout Standard
706:
707: Lists the contents of the current working directory
708: \end_inset
709: </cell>
710: </row>
711: <row topline="true" bottomline="false" newpage="false">
712: <cell multicolumn="0" alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" bottomline="false" leftline="true" rightline="false" rotate="false" usebox="none" width="" special="">
713: \begin_inset Text
714:
715: \layout Standard
716:
717: Copy
718: \end_inset
719: </cell>
720: <cell multicolumn="0" alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" bottomline="false" leftline="true" rightline="true" rotate="false" usebox="none" width="" special="">
721: \begin_inset Text
722:
723: \layout Standard
724:
725: Type a new name in the entry box to make a copy the current resource
726: \end_inset
727: </cell>
728: </row>
729: <row topline="true" bottomline="false" newpage="false">
730: <cell multicolumn="0" alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" bottomline="false" leftline="true" rightline="false" rotate="false" usebox="none" width="" special="">
731: \begin_inset Text
732:
733: \layout Standard
734:
735: Browse
736: \end_inset
737: </cell>
738: <cell multicolumn="0" alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" bottomline="false" leftline="true" rightline="true" rotate="false" usebox="none" width="" special="">
739: \begin_inset Text
740:
741: \layout Standard
742:
1.2 bowersj2 743: Helps you select a file to upload
1.1 bowersj2 744: \end_inset
745: </cell>
746: </row>
747: <row topline="true" bottomline="false" newpage="false">
748: <cell multicolumn="0" alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" bottomline="false" leftline="true" rightline="false" rotate="false" usebox="none" width="" special="">
749: \begin_inset Text
750:
751: \layout Standard
752:
753: Upload File
754: \end_inset
755: </cell>
756: <cell multicolumn="0" alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" bottomline="false" leftline="true" rightline="true" rotate="false" usebox="none" width="" special="">
757: \begin_inset Text
758:
759: \layout Standard
760:
761: Uploads the selected file to your Construction Space
762: \end_inset
763: </cell>
764: </row>
765: <row topline="true" bottomline="false" newpage="false">
766: <cell multicolumn="0" alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" bottomline="false" leftline="true" rightline="false" rotate="false" usebox="none" width="" special="">
767: \begin_inset Text
768:
769: \layout Standard
770:
771: Retrieve Old Version
772: \end_inset
773: </cell>
774: <cell multicolumn="0" alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" bottomline="false" leftline="true" rightline="true" rotate="false" usebox="none" width="" special="">
775: \begin_inset Text
776:
777: \layout Standard
778:
779: Load an older version of a resource if you have multiple versions
780: \end_inset
781: </cell>
782: </row>
783: <row topline="true" bottomline="false" newpage="false">
784: <cell multicolumn="0" alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" bottomline="false" leftline="true" rightline="false" rotate="false" usebox="none" width="" special="">
785: \begin_inset Text
786:
787: \layout Standard
788:
789: Delete
790: \end_inset
791: </cell>
792: <cell multicolumn="0" alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" bottomline="false" leftline="true" rightline="true" rotate="false" usebox="none" width="" special="">
793: \begin_inset Text
794:
795: \layout Standard
796:
797: Deletes the current resource
798: \end_inset
799: </cell>
800: </row>
801: <row topline="true" bottomline="false" newpage="false">
802: <cell multicolumn="0" alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" bottomline="false" leftline="true" rightline="false" rotate="false" usebox="none" width="" special="">
803: \begin_inset Text
804:
805: \layout Standard
806:
807: Rename
808: \end_inset
809: </cell>
810: <cell multicolumn="0" alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" bottomline="false" leftline="true" rightline="true" rotate="false" usebox="none" width="" special="">
811: \begin_inset Text
812:
813: \layout Standard
814:
815: Type a new name in the associated entry box to rename a resource
816: \end_inset
817: </cell>
818: </row>
819: <row topline="true" bottomline="true" newpage="false">
820: <cell multicolumn="0" alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" bottomline="false" leftline="true" rightline="false" rotate="false" usebox="none" width="" special="">
821: \begin_inset Text
822:
823: \layout Standard
824:
825: New Subdirectory
826: \end_inset
827: </cell>
828: <cell multicolumn="0" alignment="center" valignment="top" topline="true" bottomline="false" leftline="true" rightline="true" rotate="false" usebox="none" width="" special="">
829: \begin_inset Text
830:
831: \layout Standard
832:
833: Type a name in the entry box to create a new directory
834: \end_inset
835: </cell>
836: </row>
837: </lyxtabular>
838:
839: \end_inset
840:
841:
1.5 ! bowersj2 842: \end_float
! 843: The Construction Space, as seen in figure
! 844: \begin_inset LatexCommand \ref{Construction Space Figure}
! 845:
! 846: \end_inset
! 847:
! 848: , is the section of LON-CAPA where you create and manage your course resources.
! 849: The figure explains what each button does.
1.1 bowersj2 850: \layout Subsection
851:
852: How to Create New Content Pages
1.2 bowersj2 853: \begin_inset LatexCommand \label{Creating New Content Pages}
854:
855: \end_inset
856:
857:
1.1 bowersj2 858: \layout Standard
859:
860:
861: \series bold
862: Content Pages
863: \series default
864: are HTML documents that display the course information you are presenting.
1.3 bowersj2 865: To create new Content Pages, do the following:
1.1 bowersj2 866: \layout Enumerate
867:
868: Click the
869: \series bold
870: CSTR
871: \series default
872: button on the LON-CAPA remote.
873: You web page will change to your Construction Space.
874: \layout Enumerate
875:
876: In Location bar of your browser, type in full URL of the new Content Page.
877: Make sure the last part of the URL ends with
878: \begin_inset Quotes eld
879: \end_inset
880:
881: .html
882: \begin_inset Quotes erd
883: \end_inset
884:
885: , for example,
886: \emph on
1.2 bowersj2 887: http://www.s10.lite.msu.edu/priv/\SpecialChar \-
888: directory/new_resource.html
1.1 bowersj2 889: \emph default
890: .
891: Press the Return or Enter key.
892: \layout Enumerate
893:
1.5 ! bowersj2 894: You should see something like the following message: File not found: /home/wmson
! 895: j/priv/\SpecialChar \-
! 896: directory/new_resource.html, and an Edit button.
! 897: Click the
1.1 bowersj2 898: \series bold
1.5 ! bowersj2 899: Edit
1.1 bowersj2 900: \series default
1.2 bowersj2 901: button, and an HTML editor will open with a simple page template.
1.1 bowersj2 902: \layout Enumerate
903:
904: Type the content into the editor,
1.2 bowersj2 905: \emph on
1.1 bowersj2 906: OR
1.2 bowersj2 907: \emph default
1.5 ! bowersj2 908: copy and paste HTML source code obtained through the use of some other
! 909: HTML authoring program into the editor.
1.1 bowersj2 910: \layout Enumerate
911:
912: Optionally, click the
913: \series bold
914: View
915: \series default
916: button to preview your Content Page.
917: \layout Enumerate
918:
919: Finally, click the
920: \series bold
921: Save this
922: \series default
923: button
1.2 bowersj2 924: \emph on
1.1 bowersj2 925: OR
1.2 bowersj2 926: \emph default
1.1 bowersj2 927: click the
928: \series bold
929: Save and then attempt to clean HTML
930: \series default
931: button.
932: \layout Standard
933:
934: Repeat this process as many times as necessary to create your Content Pages.
1.3 bowersj2 935:
936: \layout Standard
937:
938: If you're following this as a tutorial, create at least one content page,
939: which we'll use later as raw material.
1.1 bowersj2 940: \layout Subsection
941:
942: How to Edit Existing Content Pages
943: \layout Standard
944:
945: You may edit any any Content Pages that have been created.
946: \layout Standard
947:
948: To edit Content Pages:
949: \layout Enumerate
950:
951: Click the
952: \series bold
953: CSTR
954: \series default
955: button on the LON-CAPA Remote.
956: Your web page will change to your Construction Space.
957: \layout Enumerate
958:
959: Click on the link for the name of the Content Page to edit.
960: The Content Page editor will load and display the current edition of the
961: Content Page.
962: \layout Enumerate
963:
964: Press the Edit button.
965: Edit the HTML code, or copy and paste HTML source code into the editor.
966: \layout Enumerate
967:
968: Optionally, click the
969: \series bold
970: View
971: \series default
972: button to preview your Content Page.
973: \layout Enumerate
974:
975: Finally, click the
976: \series bold
977: Save this
978: \series default
979: button
1.2 bowersj2 980: \emph on
1.1 bowersj2 981: OR
1.2 bowersj2 982: \emph default
1.1 bowersj2 983: click the
984: \series bold
985: Save and then attempt to clean HTML
986: \series default
987: button.
988: If you do not do this, your work will not be saved.
989: \layout Subsection
990:
991: Creating Online Problems Using LON-CAPA
1.3 bowersj2 992: \layout Standard
993:
994: If you're following this as a tutorial, go ahead and make one of each of
995: these problem types now.
996: We'll be using them later as raw material to assemble maps and sequences.
1.5 ! bowersj2 997: \layout Standard
! 998:
! 999: While several problem types are listed here, in LON-CAPA, all problems are
! 1000: actually the same.
! 1001: All problems are written in XML, which can be obtained and edited with
! 1002: the
! 1003: \series bold
! 1004: EditXML
! 1005: \series default
! 1006: button you'll see.
! 1007: The problem types listed in this manual are actually just templates.
! 1008: As your knowledge advances, you may wish to play with the XML representation
! 1009: directly to see what you can do.
1.1 bowersj2 1010: \layout Subsubsection
1011:
1012: Problems Types
1013: \layout Standard
1014:
1015: There are five types of problems that can be created with the LON-CAPA system:
1016: Radio Response, Option Response, String Response, Numerical Response, and
1017: Formula Response.
1018: You will need to identify which types of problem you want to use and create
1019: appropriate questions for your course.
1020: \layout Subsubsection
1021:
1.2 bowersj2 1022: Foils
1023: \layout Standard
1024:
1025: In the LON-CAPA system, a
1026: \series bold
1027: Foil
1028: \begin_inset LatexCommand \index{Foil}
1029:
1030: \end_inset
1031:
1032:
1033: \series default
1034: is a choice in a Radio Response or Option Response problem.
1035: For instance, True/False problems have two foils, one for True, and one
1036: for False.
1037: Foils do not need to be text; they can be images or other resources.
1038: \layout Subsubsection
1039:
1.1 bowersj2 1040: Radio Response
1041: \begin_inset LatexCommand \index{Radio Response}
1042:
1043: \end_inset
1044:
1045: Problems
1046: \layout Standard
1047:
1.2 bowersj2 1048:
1049: \series bold
1050: Radio Response
1051: \series default
1052: problems represent multiple choice questions.
1053: A True/False problem is a special case of Radio Response problem with two
1054: foils, True or False.
1.1 bowersj2 1055: \layout Standard
1056:
1.5 ! bowersj2 1057: Multiple choice problems contain between 3 to 10 foils.
1.2 bowersj2 1058: You may display from three to five foils for each problem and the system
1059: randomly picks the choices that are presented to the student.
1060: \layout Comment
1061:
1062: Eh? If this means what I think it means, clarify.
1063: Is the system really incapable of showing eight choices all at once?
1064: \layout Subsubsection
1065:
1066: Option Response
1067: \begin_inset LatexCommand \index{Option Response}
1.1 bowersj2 1068:
1.2 bowersj2 1069: \end_inset
1.1 bowersj2 1070:
1.2 bowersj2 1071: Problems
1.1 bowersj2 1072: \layout Standard
1073:
1074: Option Response problems present foils to the student with drop-down boxes.
1.2 bowersj2 1075: A group of foils is created for each concept group, and the system will
1076: pick one to present to the student from each group.
1077: The student must match each of his or her questions correctly to the possible
1078: answers before receiving credit for the problem.
1.5 ! bowersj2 1079: For more details, see Create Option Response in section
1.2 bowersj2 1080: \begin_inset LatexCommand \ref{Create Option Response Problem}
1081:
1082: \end_inset
1083:
1.5 ! bowersj2 1084: .
1.2 bowersj2 1085: \layout Subsubsection
1.1 bowersj2 1086:
1087: String Response Problems
1088: \layout Standard
1089:
1.2 bowersj2 1090:
1091: \series bold
1092:
1093: \begin_inset LatexCommand \index{String Response}
1094:
1095: \end_inset
1096:
1097: String Response
1098: \series default
1099: problems are problems in which the student submits a string of characters
1100: for the answer.
1.1 bowersj2 1101: Examples of string response questions are vocabulary tests, short answer
1102: and entering chemical formulas.
1103: \layout Standard
1104:
1.2 bowersj2 1105: Note that it is easy to abuse String Response problems.
1106: For instance, consider the question
1107: \begin_inset Quotes eld
1108: \end_inset
1109:
1110: Who wrote 'Huckleberry Finn'?
1111: \begin_inset Quotes erd
1112: \end_inset
1113:
1114: If you tell the system the answer is
1115: \begin_inset Quotes eld
1116: \end_inset
1117:
1118: Mark Twain
1119: \begin_inset Quotes erd
1120: \end_inset
1121:
1122: , and a student answers
1123: \begin_inset Quotes eld
1124: \end_inset
1125:
1126: Twain
1127: \begin_inset Quotes erd
1128: \end_inset
1129:
1130: , the system will mark it wrong.
1131: If they answer
1132: \begin_inset Quotes eld
1133: \end_inset
1134:
1135: Samuel Clements
1136: \begin_inset Quotes erd
1137: \end_inset
1138:
1.5 ! bowersj2 1139: , then the student will definitely get it wrong.
1.2 bowersj2 1140: There is some room for flexibility in the string processing, but it can
1141: be difficult to get it all right.
1142: Before you use a String Response problem, be sure you can easily characterize
1143: correct answers.
1144: \layout Subsubsection
1145:
1.1 bowersj2 1146: Numerical Response Problems
1147: \layout Standard
1148:
1.2 bowersj2 1149:
1150: \series bold
1151: Numerical Response
1152: \begin_inset LatexCommand \index{Numerical Response}
1153:
1154: \end_inset
1155:
1156:
1157: \series default
1158: problems are answered by entering a number and (optionally) a unit, such
1159: as 2.5 m/s^2.
1.5 ! bowersj2 1160: Tolerance and required significant digits can be specified as well.
1.2 bowersj2 1161: \layout Subsubsection
1.1 bowersj2 1162:
1163: Formula Response Problems
1164: \layout Standard
1165:
1166: Formula Response problems are questions in which the student types in a
1167: math formula for the answer.
1.2 bowersj2 1168: If the answer is
1169: \begin_inset Formula \( x^{2}-11 \)
1170: \end_inset
1171:
1172: , the student can enter "x^2 - 11", "x*x - 11", "x^2 + 21 - 10", etc.
1.1 bowersj2 1173: Functions such as cos, sin, and exp are accepted as well as the operators
1174: (), +, -, *, and /.
1.2 bowersj2 1175: \layout Subsection
1176:
1177: Creating Radio Response Problems
1178: \layout Standard
1.1 bowersj2 1179:
1.2 bowersj2 1180: \begin_float fig
1.1 bowersj2 1181: \layout Standard
1.2 bowersj2 1182: \align center
1183:
1184: \begin_inset Figure size 476 201
1185: file creatingNewProblemResource.eps
1186: width 3 80
1187: flags 13
1188:
1189: \end_inset
1190:
1191:
1192: \layout Caption
1193:
1194: Creating A New Problem Resource
1195: \begin_inset LatexCommand \label{Creating a new problem resource}
1196:
1197: \end_inset
1198:
1199:
1200: \end_float
1201: To create an Radio Response
1202: \begin_inset LatexCommand \index{Radio Response}
1203:
1204: \end_inset
1205:
1206: problem, create a new resource as described in section
1207: \begin_inset LatexCommand \ref{Creating New Content Pages}
1208:
1209: \end_inset
1210:
1211: .
1212: This is a
1213: \begin_inset Quotes eld
1214: \end_inset
1215:
1216: problem
1217: \begin_inset Quotes erd
1218: \end_inset
1219:
1220: resource so the URL must end in
1221: \begin_inset Quotes eld
1222: \end_inset
1223:
1224: .problem
1225: \begin_inset Quotes erd
1226: \end_inset
1227:
1228: .
1229: You should see a screen as in figure
1230: \begin_inset LatexCommand \ref{Creating a new problem resource}
1231:
1232: \end_inset
1.1 bowersj2 1233:
1.2 bowersj2 1234: .
1.1 bowersj2 1235: \begin_float fig
1.2 bowersj2 1236: \layout Standard
1237: \align center
1238:
1239: \begin_inset Figure size 476 283
1240: file radioResponse2.eps
1241: width 3 80
1242: flags 9
1243:
1244: \end_inset
1245:
1246:
1.1 bowersj2 1247: \layout Caption
1248:
1.2 bowersj2 1249: Radio Response Creation Form
1250: \begin_inset LatexCommand \label{Radio Response Creation Form}
1.1 bowersj2 1251:
1252: \end_inset
1253:
1254:
1255: \end_float
1.5 ! bowersj2 1256: You will need to create the possible answers and the questions.
1.2 bowersj2 1257: \layout Enumerate
1258:
1259: In the drop-down option box as seen in
1260: \begin_inset LatexCommand \ref{Creating a new problem resource}
1.1 bowersj2 1261:
1.2 bowersj2 1262: \end_inset
1.1 bowersj2 1263:
1.2 bowersj2 1264: , select
1265: \series bold
1266: Radio Response Problem
1267: \series default
1268: , and click the
1.1 bowersj2 1269: \series bold
1.2 bowersj2 1270: New Problem
1.1 bowersj2 1271: \series default
1.2 bowersj2 1272: button.
1273: \layout Enumerate
1.1 bowersj2 1274:
1.2 bowersj2 1275: Click the
1.1 bowersj2 1276: \series bold
1.2 bowersj2 1277: Edit
1.1 bowersj2 1278: \series default
1.2 bowersj2 1279: button above the sample problem to enter edit mode.
1.5 ! bowersj2 1280: You should see an editing screen like figure
! 1281: \begin_inset LatexCommand \ref{Radio Response Creation Form}
! 1282:
! 1283: \end_inset
! 1284:
! 1285: .
1.2 bowersj2 1286: \layout Enumerate
1.1 bowersj2 1287:
1.2 bowersj2 1288: In the
1.1 bowersj2 1289: \series bold
1.2 bowersj2 1290: Text Block
1.1 bowersj2 1291: \series default
1.2 bowersj2 1292: at the top of the problem, remove the sample text and type the question
1293: for your problem.
1294: For example,
1295: \begin_inset Quotes eld
1296: \end_inset
1.1 bowersj2 1297:
1.2 bowersj2 1298: What is two plus two?
1299: \begin_inset Quotes erd
1300: \end_inset
1.1 bowersj2 1301:
1302:
1.2 bowersj2 1303: \layout Enumerate
1.1 bowersj2 1304:
1.2 bowersj2 1305: Locate the
1.1 bowersj2 1306: \series bold
1.2 bowersj2 1307: Response: One of N statements
1.1 bowersj2 1308: \series default
1.2 bowersj2 1309: element.
1310: In the
1.1 bowersj2 1311: \series bold
1.2 bowersj2 1312: Max Number of Shown Foils
1.1 bowersj2 1313: \series default
1.2 bowersj2 1314: text box, place the number of wrong answers you wish to supply to each
1315: student, in addition to the correct one.
1316: For instance, if you want to display four choices, where one is correct
1317: and three are incorrect, enter
1318: \begin_inset Quotes eld
1319: \end_inset
1320:
1321: 3
1322: \begin_inset Quotes erd
1323: \end_inset
1.1 bowersj2 1324:
1.2 bowersj2 1325: into this box.
1326: \layout Enumerate
1.1 bowersj2 1327:
1.2 bowersj2 1328: Locate
1.1 bowersj2 1329: \series bold
1.2 bowersj2 1330: Foil 1
1331: \series default
1332: .
1333: Remove the text that is in the text box and put the
1334: \emph on
1335: correct answer
1336: \emph default
1337: for the problem in the
1338: \series bold
1339: Text Block
1340: \series default
1341: .
1342: For example,
1343: \begin_inset Quotes eld
1344: \end_inset
1345:
1346: Four.
1347: \begin_inset Quotes erd
1348: \end_inset
1349:
1350:
1351: \layout Enumerate
1352:
1353: Below it, you will see
1354: \series bold
1355: Foil 2
1356: \series default
1357: .
1358: Remove the text in the text box and put an
1359: \emph on
1360: incorrect answer
1361: \emph default
1362: for the problem.
1363: For instance,
1364: \begin_inset Quotes eld
1365: \end_inset
1366:
1367: Purple.
1368: \begin_inset Quotes erd
1369: \end_inset
1370:
1371:
1372: \layout Enumerate
1373:
1374: Repeat the previous step until you've filled in all of the other incorrect
1375: answers you wish to offer the students.
1376: \layout Enumerate
1377:
1378: Once you've filled in all the incorrect answers, change the
1379: \series bold
1380: Correct Option
1381: \series default
1382: s on the other foils to
1383: \series bold
1384: Unused
1385: \series default
1386: .
1387: \layout Enumerate
1388:
1389: \begin_float fig
1390: \layout Standard
1391: \align center
1392:
1393: \begin_inset Figure size 476 92
1394: file radioResponseHint.eps
1395: width 3 80
1396: flags 9
1397:
1398: \end_inset
1399:
1400:
1401: \layout Caption
1402:
1403: Hint Element
1404: \begin_inset LatexCommand \label{Radio Response Hint Element Figure}
1405:
1406: \end_inset
1407:
1408:
1409: \end_float
1410: Scroll down to the Hint element, as shown in Figure
1411: \begin_inset LatexCommand \ref{Radio Response Hint Element Figure}
1412:
1413: \end_inset
1414:
1415: .
1416: Type some text that will help students when they answer incorrectly.
1417: \layout Enumerate
1418:
1419: Click the
1420: \series bold
1421: Submit Changes
1422: \series default
1423: button located at the top of the frame.
1424: If you do not do this, none of your changes will be saved.
1425: \layout Standard
1426:
1427: The
1428: \series bold
1429: Correct Option
1430: \series default
1431: drop down box controls whether or not a given answer will be accepted as
1432: a correct answer.
1433: If it is set to
1434: \series bold
1435: true
1436: \series default
1437: , that answer will be considered a correct answer.
1438: Any number of foils can be marked
1439: \series bold
1440: true
1441: \series default
1442: , so you can have questions with multiple correct answers.
1443: If it is set to
1444: \series bold
1445: false
1446: \series default
1447: , it will be considered an incorrect answer.
1448: If it is set to
1449: \series bold
1450: Unused
1451: \series default
1452: , the system will not use that foil.
1453: \layout Paragraph
1454:
1455: Randomization
1456: \begin_inset LatexCommand \index{Randomization}
1457:
1458: \end_inset
1459:
1460:
1461: \layout Standard
1462:
1463: LON-CAPA will randomize what choices are presented to each student, and
1464: randomize the order they are presented in.
1465: If you wish to present each student the same choices, make sure the
1466: \series bold
1467: Maximum Number of Shown Foils
1468: \series default
1469: box contains the number of incorrect answers, which will force them to
1470: all be displayed.
1471: If you wish to force the system to display the foils in the order you have
1472: created them in, type the HTML tag
1473: \series bold
1474: <norandom>
1475: \series default
1476: into your problem text.
1477: This can be useful with the ever-popular
1478: \begin_inset Quotes eld
1479: \end_inset
1480:
1481: All of the above
1482: \begin_inset Quotes erd
1483: \end_inset
1484:
1485: choice, which must be displayed in the correct place or its meaning will
1486: change.
1487: \layout Subsubsection
1488:
1489: True/False
1490: \begin_inset LatexCommand \index{True/False Problem}
1491:
1492: \end_inset
1493:
1494: Problem
1495: \layout Standard
1496:
1497: A True/False problem is a Radio Response problem with two choices, True
1498: and False.
1499: set the
1500: \series bold
1501: Maximum Number of Shown Foils
1502: \series default
1503: to
1504: \begin_inset Quotes eld
1505: \end_inset
1506:
1507: 1
1508: \begin_inset Quotes erd
1509: \end_inset
1510:
1511: , and mark the correct answer
1512: \series bold
1513: true
1514: \series default
1515: .
1516: For example, for the True/False question
1517: \begin_inset Quotes eld
1518: \end_inset
1519:
1.5 ! bowersj2 1520: Napoleon conquered Japan in the year 189 A.D.
1.2 bowersj2 1521: \begin_inset Quotes erd
1522: \end_inset
1523:
1524: , mark the foil containing the answer
1525: \begin_inset Quotes eld
1526: \end_inset
1527:
1528: False
1529: \begin_inset Quotes erd
1530: \end_inset
1531:
1532: as
1533: \series bold
1534: true
1535: \series default
1536: , because it is the correct answer.
1537: \layout Subsection
1538:
1539: Option Response
1540: \begin_inset LatexCommand \index{Option Response}
1541:
1542: \end_inset
1543:
1544:
1545: \begin_inset LatexCommand \label{Create Option Response Problem}
1546:
1547: \end_inset
1548:
1549: Problems
1.5 ! bowersj2 1550: \layout Subsubsection
! 1551:
! 1552: Option Response problems with Concept Groups
1.2 bowersj2 1553: \layout Standard
1554:
1555: \begin_float fig
1556: \layout Standard
1557: \align center
1558:
1559: \begin_inset Figure size 476 280
1560: file optionResponseProblem.eps
1561: width 3 80
1562: flags 9
1563:
1564: \end_inset
1565:
1566:
1567: \layout Caption
1568:
1569: Option Response Problem
1570: \begin_inset LatexCommand \label{Option Response Problem Figure}
1571:
1572: \end_inset
1573:
1574:
1575: \end_float
1.5 ! bowersj2 1576: Each Option Response problem can have three parts:
1.2 bowersj2 1577: \layout Enumerate
1578:
1579: The Concept Groups
1580: \begin_inset LatexCommand \index{Concept Groups}
1581:
1582: \end_inset
1583:
1584:
1585: \layout Enumerate
1586:
1587: The options for the students to select, by default
1588: \begin_inset Quotes eld
1589: \end_inset
1590:
1591: True
1592: \begin_inset Quotes erd
1593: \end_inset
1594:
1595: and
1596: \begin_inset Quotes eld
1597: \end_inset
1598:
1599: False
1600: \begin_inset Quotes erd
1601: \end_inset
1602:
1603:
1604: \layout Enumerate
1605:
1606: The hint for the student
1607: \layout Standard
1608:
1609: Each
1610: \series bold
1611: Concept Group
1612: \series default
1613: has some number of foils representing questions which are conceptually
1614: related.
1615: Option Response Problems can have between 4 and 8 Concept Groups in a problem.
1616: When the Option Response problem is presented to a student, the LON-CAPA
1617: system will randomly select one foil from each Concept Group and present
1618: it to the student.
1619: In order to receive credit for the problem, the student must answer all
1620: of the Concept Group foils correctly.
1621: \layout Subsubsection
1622:
1623: Example: Concept Group
1624: \layout Standard
1625:
1626: For example, a Concept Group may contain the following True/False questions:
1627: \layout Itemize
1628:
1629:
1630: \begin_inset Quotes eld
1631: \end_inset
1632:
1633: Mark Twain
1634: \begin_inset Quotes erd
1635: \end_inset
1636:
1637: is the pen name of Samuel Clemens.
1638: \layout Itemize
1639:
1640: Mark Twain wrote
1641: \begin_inset Quotes eld
1642: \end_inset
1643:
1644: The Call of the Wild
1645: \begin_inset Quotes erd
1646: \end_inset
1647:
1648: .
1649: \layout Itemize
1650:
1651: Mark Twain wrote
1652: \begin_inset Quotes eld
1653: \end_inset
1654:
1655: Huckleberry Finn
1656: \begin_inset Quotes erd
1657: \end_inset
1658:
1659: .
1660: \layout Itemize
1661:
1662: Mark Twain spent most of his life in the Congo.
1663: \layout Standard
1664:
1665: For each foil, the author marks it True or False.
1666: When the student logs on and attempts to answer this question, the student
1667: will see only one of the four choices for that concept group.
1668: They then go on to do the remaining three to seven Concept Groups in this
1669: question before submitting their answer.
1670: \layout Subsubsection
1671:
1672: Example: Matching Problem
1673: \layout Standard
1674:
1675: You might want to ask the student to match musical compositions with their
1676: composers.
1677: You could create an Option Response problem with 4 Concept Groups, and
1.3 bowersj2 1678: place the following four things each in their own concept group:
1.2 bowersj2 1679: \layout Itemize
1680:
1681: Claire de Lune
1.3 bowersj2 1682: \begin_inset LatexCommand \index{Clair de Lune}
1683:
1684: \end_inset
1685:
1686:
1.2 bowersj2 1687: \begin_float footnote
1688: \layout Standard
1689:
1690: Debussy.
1691: \end_float
1692: \layout Itemize
1693:
1694: The Pastoral Symphony
1695: \begin_float footnote
1696: \layout Standard
1697:
1698: Beethoven's Sixth Symphony.
1699: \end_float
1700: \layout Itemize
1701:
1702: Sleeping Beauty Suite
1703: \begin_float footnote
1704: \layout Standard
1705:
1706: Tchaikovsky.
1707: \end_float
1708: \layout Itemize
1709:
1710: The Dance of the Sugar Plum Fairies
1711: \begin_float footnote
1712: \layout Standard
1713:
1714: Also Tchaikovsky, from The Nutcracker.
1715: \end_float
1716: \layout Standard
1717:
1718: You could then add the following options to the option list:
1719: \layout Itemize
1720:
1721: Debussy
1722: \layout Itemize
1723:
1724: Beethoven
1725: \layout Itemize
1726:
1727: Schubert
1728: \layout Itemize
1729:
1730: Tchaikovsky
1731: \layout Itemize
1732:
1733: Bach
1734: \layout Standard
1735:
1736: The same answers can be used more then once, or not at all, as you see fit.
1737: It is conventional to place such a warning in the
1738: \series bold
1739: Text Block
1740: \series default
1741: describing the problem to the students.
1742: \layout Subsubsection
1743:
1744: Creating Option Response Problems
1745: \layout Standard
1746:
1747: To create an Option Response problem, create a new resource as described
1748: in section
1749: \begin_inset LatexCommand \ref{Creating New Content Pages}
1750:
1751: \end_inset
1752:
1753: .
1754: This is a
1755: \begin_inset Quotes eld
1756: \end_inset
1757:
1758: problem
1759: \begin_inset Quotes erd
1760: \end_inset
1761:
1762: resource so the URL must end in
1763: \begin_inset Quotes eld
1764: \end_inset
1765:
1766: .problem
1767: \begin_inset Quotes erd
1768: \end_inset
1769:
1770: .
1771: You should see a screen as in figure
1772: \begin_inset LatexCommand \ref{Creating a new problem resource}
1773:
1774: \end_inset
1775:
1776: .
1777: \layout Enumerate
1778:
1779: In the drop-down option box as seen in
1780: \begin_inset LatexCommand \ref{Creating a new problem resource}
1781:
1782: \end_inset
1783:
1784: , select
1785: \series bold
1786: Option Response Problem with
1787: \emph on
1788: N
1789: \emph default
1790: Concept Groups
1791: \series default
1792: , where
1793: \series bold
1794: \emph on
1795: N
1796: \series default
1797: \emph default
1798: is the number of Concept Groups you wish the problem to have, and click
1799: the
1800: \series bold
1801: New Problem
1802: \series default
1803: button.
1804: \layout Enumerate
1805:
1806: Click the
1807: \series bold
1808: Edit
1809: \series default
1810: button above the sample problem to enter edit mode.
1811: \begin_float fig
1812: \layout Standard
1813: \align center
1814:
1815: \begin_inset Figure size 476 276
1816: file optionResponseEditing.eps
1817: width 3 80
1818: flags 9
1819:
1820: \end_inset
1821:
1822:
1823: \layout Caption
1824:
1825: Option Response Editor
1826: \begin_inset LatexCommand \label{Option Response Editor Figure}
1827:
1828: \end_inset
1829:
1830:
1831: \end_float
1832: You should see the Option Response page open up, which should look something
1833: like what you see in figure
1834: \begin_inset LatexCommand \ref{Option Response Editor Figure}
1835:
1836: \end_inset
1837:
1838: .
1839: \layout Enumerate
1840:
1841: Replace the text in the
1842: \series bold
1843: Text Block
1844: \series default
1845: with text that explains the conditions for your problem.
1846: \layout Enumerate
1847:
1848: Locate the
1849: \series bold
1850: Max Number of Shown Foils
1851: \series default
1852: element and type a number from 1 to 8 to display that number of questions.
1853: You cannot display more then one foil from each concept group, so this
1854: option will only reduce the number of foils displayed, if it is less then
1855: the number of concept groups in your Option Response problem.
1856: \layout Enumerate
1857:
1858: Now you must define the options the students can select.
1859: For each option you wish to add to the Option Response question, type the
1860: option into the
1861: \series bold
1862: Add new Option
1863: \series default
1864: box in the
1865: \series bold
1866: Select Options
1867: \series default
1868: section, then hit the
1869: \series bold
1870: Save Changes
1871: \series default
1872: button.
1873: If you do not hit the
1874: \series bold
1875: Save Changes
1876: \series default
1877: button, your option will not be selectable below.
1878: \layout Enumerate
1879:
1880: To delete the irrelevant options from the Option Response question, select
1881: that option from the
1882: \series bold
1883: Delete Option
1884: \series default
1.5 ! bowersj2 1885: drop down, and hit the Save Changes button.
1.2 bowersj2 1886: Do that for each option you wish to remove.
1887: \layout Enumerate
1888:
1889: Now, you need to define the question foils.
1890: Look for the foil with the name
1891: \begin_inset Quotes eld
1892: \end_inset
1893:
1894: One
1895: \begin_inset Quotes erd
1896: \end_inset
1897:
1898: .
1899: Type the question into the text box, and select the correct option for
1900: that question from the
1901: \series bold
1902: Correct Option
1903: \series default
1904: drop-down menu.
1905: Click
1906: \series bold
1907: Submit Changes
1908: \series default
1909: to save this question foil.
1910: Repeat this step for all remaining foils.
1911: \layout Enumerate
1912:
1913: Locate the foils that are not being used.
1914: In their
1915: \series bold
1916: Delete
1917: \series default
1918: menus, set the value to
1919: \series bold
1920: Yes
1921: \series default
1922: .
1923: Once you've set the Delete menu value correctly for all the foils, click
1924: the
1925: \series bold
1926: Save Changes
1927: \series default
1928: button.
1929: \layout Enumerate
1930:
1931: In the Hint area, provide a helpful hint for users who get the problem incorrect
1932: , and click the
1933: \series bold
1934: Save Changes
1935: \series default
1936: button.
1.5 ! bowersj2 1937: \layout Subsubsection
! 1938:
! 1939: Simple Option Response: No Concept Groups
! 1940: \layout Standard
! 1941:
! 1942: If you select
! 1943: \series bold
! 1944: Simple Option Response
! 1945: \series default
! 1946: from the drop-down box, you get a template that will allow you to enter
! 1947: up to eight foils, and the system will randomly select from these foils,
! 1948: with no grouping.
! 1949: Otherwise, it's identical to Option Response problems.
1.2 bowersj2 1950: \layout Subsection
1951:
1952: Creating a String Response Problem
1953: \layout Standard
1954:
1955: To create an String Response problem, create a new resource as described
1956: in section
1957: \begin_inset LatexCommand \ref{Creating New Content Pages}
1958:
1959: \end_inset
1960:
1961: .
1962: This is a
1963: \begin_inset Quotes eld
1964: \end_inset
1965:
1966: problem
1967: \begin_inset Quotes erd
1968: \end_inset
1969:
1970: resource so the URL must end in
1971: \begin_inset Quotes eld
1972: \end_inset
1973:
1974: .problem
1975: \begin_inset Quotes erd
1976: \end_inset
1977:
1978: .
1979: You should see a screen as in figure
1980: \begin_inset LatexCommand \ref{Creating a new problem resource}
1981:
1982: \end_inset
1983:
1984: .
1985: \layout Enumerate
1986:
1987: In the drop-down option box as seen in
1988: \begin_inset LatexCommand \ref{Creating a new problem resource}
1989:
1990: \end_inset
1991:
1992: , select
1993: \series bold
1994: Simple String Response Problem
1995: \series default
1996: , and click the
1997: \series bold
1998: New Problem
1999: \series default
2000: button.
2001: \layout Enumerate
2002:
2003: Click the
2004: \series bold
2005: Edit
2006: \series default
2007: button above the sample problem to enter edit mode.
2008: \begin_float fig
2009: \layout Standard
2010: \align center
2011:
2012: \begin_inset Figure size 476 320
2013: file stringResponseEditor.eps
2014: width 3 80
2015: flags 9
2016:
2017: \end_inset
2018:
2019:
2020: \layout Caption
2021:
2022: String Response Editor
2023: \begin_inset LatexCommand \label{String Response Editor Figure}
2024:
2025: \end_inset
2026:
2027:
2028: \end_float
2029: You should see the String Response editor page open up, which should look
2030: something like what you see in figure
2031: \begin_inset LatexCommand \ref{String Response Editor Figure}
2032:
2033: \end_inset
2034:
2035: .
2036: \layout Enumerate
2037:
2038: Clear the text from the Text Block at the top of the problem, and type in
2039: your problem's question.
2040: \layout Enumerate
2041:
2042: In the
2043: \series bold
2044: Answer Box
2045: \series default
2046: , type the correct answer.
2047: \layout Enumerate
2048:
2049: Select the answer condition from the drop down box.
2050: There are three cases to choose from:
2051: \begin_deeper
2052: \layout Enumerate
2053:
2054:
2055: \series bold
2056: cs
2057: \series default
2058: : This means
2059: \begin_inset Quotes eld
2060: \end_inset
2061:
2062: Case Sensitive
2063: \begin_inset Quotes erd
2064: \end_inset
2065:
2066: .
2067: For example, this is useful in Chemistry, where HO and Ho are completely
2068: different answers
2069: \begin_float footnote
2070: \end_deeper
2071: \layout Standard
2072:
2073:
2074: \series bold
2075: HO
2076: \series default
2077: is hydrogen monoxide, a colorless, odorless, poisonous gas.
2078:
2079: \series bold
2080: Ho
2081: \series default
2082: is the element 67, Holmium, in the Lanthanides.
2083: \end_float
2084: .
2085: The student must match the case of the answer.
2086: \begin_deeper
2087: \layout Enumerate
2088:
2089:
2090: \series bold
2091: ci
2092: \series default
2093: : This means
2094: \begin_inset Quotes eld
2095: \end_inset
2096:
1.5 ! bowersj2 2097: Case Insensitive
1.2 bowersj2 2098: \begin_inset Quotes erd
2099: \end_inset
2100:
2101: .
2102: The system does not use the case of the letters to determine the correctness
2103: of the answer.
2104: If the correct answer is
2105: \begin_inset Quotes eld
2106: \end_inset
2107:
2108: car
2109: \begin_inset Quotes erd
2110: \end_inset
2111:
2112: , the system will accept
2113: \begin_inset Quotes eld
2114: \end_inset
2115:
2116: car
2117: \begin_inset Quotes erd
2118: \end_inset
2119:
2120: ,
2121: \begin_inset Quotes eld
2122: \end_inset
2123:
2124: CAR
2125: \begin_inset Quotes erd
2126: \end_inset
2127:
2128: ,
2129: \begin_inset Quotes eld
2130: \end_inset
2131:
2132: Car
2133: \begin_inset Quotes erd
2134: \end_inset
2135:
2136: ,
2137: \begin_inset Quotes eld
2138: \end_inset
2139:
2140: caR
2141: \begin_inset Quotes erd
2142: \end_inset
2143:
2144: , etc.
2145: \layout Enumerate
2146:
2147:
2148: \series bold
2149: mc
2150: \series default
2151: : This means
2152: \begin_inset Quotes eld
2153: \end_inset
2154:
2155: Multiple Choice
2156: \begin_inset Quotes erd
2157: \end_inset
2158:
2159: .
2160: The student's answers must contain the same letters as the question author's,
1.5 ! bowersj2 2161: but order is unimportant.
1.2 bowersj2 2162: This is usually used to give a multiple choice question in the question's
2163:
2164: \series bold
2165: Text Block
2166: \series default
2167: , which may have several correct parts.
2168: If the author sets the correct answer as
2169: \begin_inset Quotes eld
2170: \end_inset
2171:
2172: bcg
2173: \begin_inset Quotes erd
2174: \end_inset
2175:
2176: , the system will accept
2177: \begin_inset Quotes eld
2178: \end_inset
2179:
2180: bcg
2181: \begin_inset Quotes erd
2182: \end_inset
2183:
2184: ,
2185: \begin_inset Quotes eld
2186: \end_inset
2187:
2188: cbg
2189: \begin_inset Quotes erd
2190: \end_inset
2191:
2192: ,
2193: \begin_inset Quotes eld
2194: \end_inset
2195:
2196: gcb
2197: \begin_inset Quotes erd
2198: \end_inset
2199:
2200: , etc., but not
2201: \begin_inset Quotes eld
2202: \end_inset
2203:
2204: bc
2205: \begin_inset Quotes erd
2206: \end_inset
2207:
2208: or
2209: \begin_inset Quotes eld
2210: \end_inset
2211:
2212: abcg
2213: \begin_inset Quotes erd
2214: \end_inset
2215:
2216: .
2217: \layout Standard
2218:
1.5 ! bowersj2 2219: It is conventional to inform the students if the problem is case sensitive,
! 2220: or that the order of the answers doesn't matter.
1.2 bowersj2 2221: \end_deeper
2222: \layout Enumerate
2223:
2224: Optionally, locate the
2225: \series bold
2226: Single Line Text Entry Area
2227: \series default
2228: block and set a length in the Size box.
2229: This will only affect the size of the box on the screen; if you set the
2230: box size to 2, the student can still enter 3 or more letters in their answer.
2231: \layout Enumerate
2232:
2233: Scroll down to the Hint element, and type some text that will help students
2234: when they answer incorrectly.
2235: \layout Enumerate
2236:
2237: Click the Submit Changes button.
2238: \layout Subsection
2239:
1.3 bowersj2 2240: Creating Numerical Response And Formula Response Problems
1.2 bowersj2 2241: \layout Standard
2242:
2243: Numerical Response problems are answered by entering a number and an optional
2244: unit.
2245: For instance, a numerical response problem might have an answer of
2246: \begin_inset Formula \( 2m/s^{2} \)
2247: \end_inset
2248:
2249: .
1.3 bowersj2 2250: Formula Response problems are answered by entering a mathematical formula.
2251: For instance, a numerical response problem might have an answer of
2252: \begin_inset Formula \( x^{2}+11 \)
1.2 bowersj2 2253: \end_inset
2254:
2255: .
1.3 bowersj2 2256: The answer may be in any equivalent format.
2257: For instance, for
2258: \begin_inset Formula \( x^{2}+11 \)
1.2 bowersj2 2259: \end_inset
2260:
1.3 bowersj2 2261: , the system will accept
2262: \begin_inset Formula \( x*x-11 \)
1.2 bowersj2 2263: \end_inset
2264:
1.3 bowersj2 2265: or
2266: \begin_inset Formula \( x^{2}+21-10 \)
1.2 bowersj2 2267: \end_inset
2268:
1.3 bowersj2 2269: as well.
2270: \layout Standard
1.2 bowersj2 2271:
1.3 bowersj2 2272: Creating Numerical Response and Formula Response problems starts the same
2273: as the other problem types, but because of the power of Numerical Response
1.5 ! bowersj2 2274: and Formula Response problems, they are covered in their own section after
! 2275: the end of the tutorial.
1.3 bowersj2 2276: For more information about these problem types, please see section
2277: \begin_inset LatexCommand \ref{Numerical Response}
1.2 bowersj2 2278:
2279: \end_inset
2280:
1.3 bowersj2 2281: for Numerical Response problems and section
2282: \begin_inset LatexCommand \ref{Formula Response}
1.2 bowersj2 2283:
2284: \end_inset
2285:
1.3 bowersj2 2286: for Formula Response problems.
2287: \layout Section
1.2 bowersj2 2288:
1.3 bowersj2 2289: Publishing Your Resources
1.2 bowersj2 2290: \layout Standard
2291:
1.3 bowersj2 2292: In order to make the content you've created available for courses to use,
2293: you must publish your content.
2294: LON-CAPA provides an easy interface for publishing your content pages,
2295: problem resources, and sequences.
1.5 ! bowersj2 2296: You can specify title, author information, keywords, and other metadata.
! 2297: LON-CAPA uses this metadata for many things, and it's important to fill
1.3 bowersj2 2298: the metadata out as accurately as possible.
2299: \layout Subsection
2300:
2301: What is Metadata?
2302: \begin_inset LatexCommand \index{Metadata}
1.2 bowersj2 2303:
2304: \end_inset
2305:
2306:
1.3 bowersj2 2307: \begin_inset LatexCommand \label{What Is Metadata?}
1.2 bowersj2 2308:
2309: \end_inset
2310:
2311:
1.3 bowersj2 2312: \layout Standard
1.2 bowersj2 2313:
2314:
1.3 bowersj2 2315: \emph on
2316: Metadata
2317: \emph default
2318: is
2319: \emph on
2320: data about data
2321: \emph default
1.2 bowersj2 2322: .
1.3 bowersj2 2323: Metadata can often be thought of as a label on some bit of information
2324: that can be useful to people or computer programs trying to use the data.
2325: Without metadata, the person or computer trying to use the original information
2326: would have to just guess what the original data is about.
2327: For instance, if you create a problem and neglect to say in the title or
2328: subject of the problem what it is about, then a human who wants to use
2329: that problem would have to read the problem itself to see what it was about,
2330: which is much more difficult then just reading a title.
2331: A computer trying to do the same thing would just be out of luck; it is
2332: too stupid to understand the problem statement at all.
2333: \layout Standard
1.2 bowersj2 2334:
1.5 ! bowersj2 2335: One example of metadata you use all the time is the <TITLE> of a web page,
1.3 bowersj2 2336: which usually shows up in the title bar of the browser.
1.5 ! bowersj2 2337: That's information about the web page itself, not actually part of the
! 2338: web page.
1.3 bowersj2 2339: People use it when they bookmark a page, so they know what the page is.
2340: Search engines use it as a clue about the content of the web page.
1.2 bowersj2 2341: \layout Subsection
2342:
1.3 bowersj2 2343: Publishing A Resource
2344: \begin_inset LatexCommand \index{Resource, Publishing}
1.2 bowersj2 2345:
2346: \end_inset
2347:
2348:
1.3 bowersj2 2349: \begin_inset LatexCommand \index{Publishing Resource}
1.2 bowersj2 2350:
2351: \end_inset
2352:
1.3 bowersj2 2353:
2354: \layout Standard
2355:
2356: \begin_float fig
1.2 bowersj2 2357: \layout Standard
1.3 bowersj2 2358: \align center
2359:
2360: \begin_inset Figure size 476 168
2361: file constructionSpaceForPublishing.eps
2362: width 3 80
2363: flags 9
1.2 bowersj2 2364:
2365: \end_inset
2366:
2367:
1.3 bowersj2 2368: \layout Caption
2369:
2370: Construction Space for Publishing
2371: \begin_inset LatexCommand \label{Construction Space for Publishing Figure}
1.2 bowersj2 2372:
2373: \end_inset
2374:
2375:
1.3 bowersj2 2376: \end_float
2377: To publish a resource, log in and choose your role to be an Author.
2378: Then click
2379: \series bold
2380: CSTR
2381: \series default
2382: to go to your construction space.
2383: You should see something like figure
2384: \begin_inset LatexCommand \ref{Construction Space for Publishing Figure}
1.2 bowersj2 2385:
2386: \end_inset
2387:
2388: .
1.3 bowersj2 2389: Click on the
2390: \series bold
2391: Publish
2392: \series default
2393: button for the resource you wish to publish.
2394: \begin_float fig
2395: \layout Standard
2396: \align center
1.2 bowersj2 2397:
1.3 bowersj2 2398: \begin_inset Figure size 476 338
2399: file publishMetadata.eps
2400: width 3 80
2401: flags 9
1.2 bowersj2 2402:
2403: \end_inset
2404:
2405:
1.3 bowersj2 2406: \layout Caption
1.2 bowersj2 2407:
2408: Publishing Metadata Screen
2409: \begin_inset LatexCommand \label{Publishing Metadata Screen Figure}
2410:
2411: \end_inset
2412:
2413:
2414: \end_float
2415: You'll get a metadata screen that should look something like figure
2416: \begin_inset LatexCommand \ref{Publishing Metadata Screen Figure}
2417:
2418: \end_inset
2419:
2420: .
2421: Fill out the form.
2422: If you are creating resources that may be used in several courses, you
2423: should talk with the other authors and establish some sort of standard
2424: title and subject scheme in advance.
2425:
2426: \layout Standard
2427:
2428: The language is the language the problem is written in.
2429: The Publisher/Owner is the person who owns the problem; it should be the
2430: email address where anybody with questions about the resource can contact
2431: someone who can help them.
2432: In smaller environments, this is likely to be the author.
2433: In larger environments, it may be a coordinator or manager.
2434: \layout Standard
2435:
2436: The
2437: \series bold
2438: Keywords
2439: \series default
2440: and the
2441: \series bold
2442: Abstract
2443: \series default
2444: are more information about the problem.
2445: The
2446: \series bold
2447: Keywords
2448: \series default
2449: are words that are strongly connected to your problem; for instance a physics
2450: problem about a pulley might include
2451: \begin_inset Quotes eld
2452: \end_inset
2453:
2454: pulley
2455: \begin_inset Quotes erd
2456: \end_inset
2457:
2458: as a key word.
2459: LON-CAPA pulls out likely-looking keywords for you so you can just click
1.5 ! bowersj2 2460: on their check boxes to make them keywords.
1.2 bowersj2 2461:
2462: \series bold
2463: Additional keywords
2464: \series default
2465: allows you to add any keyword to your problem that are not actually in
2466: the problem.
2467: For instance, on that same problem a physicist might add the keyword
2468: \begin_inset Quotes eld
2469: \end_inset
2470:
2471: statics
2472: \begin_inset Quotes erd
2473: \end_inset
2474:
2475: , even though it doesn't appear in the original problem, because Physics
2476: uses that as a classification of problem type.
2477: \layout Standard
2478:
2479: Finally, you need to set the copyright and distribution notice.
2480: This setting controls who is allowed to use your resource.
2481:
2482: \layout Itemize
2483:
2484:
2485: \series bold
2486: Limited to courses in the domain published
2487: \series default
2488: means that only courses running in the same domain as you can use your
2489: content.
2490: Talk to your LON-CAPA administrator if you want more information about
2491: your domain.
2492: \layout Itemize
2493:
2494:
2495: \series bold
2496: Free
2497: \series default
2498: means that anyone can find and use the resource.
2499: \layout Itemize
2500:
2501:
2502: \series bold
2503: Private - visible to author only
2504: \series default
2505: means that it can't be used for any course.
2506: \layout Itemize
2507:
2508:
2509: \series bold
2510: Public - no authentication required
2511: \series default
2512: means anyone can find and use the resource.
2513: \layout Standard
2514:
2515: Now when you click
2516: \series bold
2517: Finalize Publication
2518: \series default
2519: , your resource will be published and usable (unless you set the distribution
2520: to
2521: \begin_inset Quotes eld
2522: \end_inset
2523:
2524: private
2525: \begin_inset Quotes erd
2526: \end_inset
2527:
2528: ).
1.3 bowersj2 2529: \layout Standard
2530:
2531: If you're following this as a tutorial, publish your resources so we can
2532: use them in the next section.
1.2 bowersj2 2533: \layout Section
2534:
1.3 bowersj2 2535: Creating A Course
2536: \begin_inset LatexCommand \label{Creating a Course}
2537:
2538: \end_inset
2539:
2540: : Maps and Sequences
2541: \layout Standard
2542:
2543: In order to create a useful course, we need to arrange our raw materials
2544: so that students can use them.
1.2 bowersj2 2545: \layout Subsection
2546:
1.3 bowersj2 2547: Binding Together Resources In One Map: Page
2548: \begin_inset LatexCommand \index{Page}
2549:
2550: \end_inset
2551:
2552:
2553: \layout Standard
2554:
2555: \begin_float fig
2556: \layout Standard
2557: \align center
2558:
1.5 ! bowersj2 2559: \begin_inset Figure size 238 83
! 2560: file mapEditorSelection.eps
! 2561: width 3 40
1.3 bowersj2 2562: flags 9
2563:
2564: \end_inset
2565:
2566:
2567: \layout Caption
2568:
1.5 ! bowersj2 2569: Map Editor Selection
! 2570: \begin_inset LatexCommand \label{Map Editor Selection Figure}
1.3 bowersj2 2571:
2572: \end_inset
2573:
2574:
2575: \end_float
1.5 ! bowersj2 2576: To join several resources into one web page, you need to create a
1.3 bowersj2 2577: \series bold
2578: Map
2579: \series default
2580: of type
2581: \series bold
2582: Page
2583: \series default
2584: .
2585: To create Page resource, create a new resource as described in section
2586:
2587: \begin_inset LatexCommand \ref{Creating New Content Pages}
2588:
2589: \end_inset
2590:
2591: .
2592: This is a
2593: \begin_inset Quotes eld
2594: \end_inset
2595:
2596: page
2597: \begin_inset Quotes erd
2598: \end_inset
2599:
2600: resource so the URL must end in
2601: \begin_inset Quotes eld
2602: \end_inset
2603:
2604: .page
2605: \begin_inset Quotes erd
2606: \end_inset
2607:
2608: .
2609: After you enter in the URL ending in
2610: \begin_inset Quotes eld
2611: \end_inset
2612:
2613: .page
2614: \begin_inset Quotes erd
2615: \end_inset
2616:
2617: , you should see a screen as in figure
1.5 ! bowersj2 2618: \begin_inset LatexCommand \ref{Map Editor Selection Figure}
1.2 bowersj2 2619:
1.3 bowersj2 2620: \end_inset
1.2 bowersj2 2621:
1.3 bowersj2 2622: .
1.5 ! bowersj2 2623: You can use either the advanced editor or the simplified editor.
1.3 bowersj2 2624:
1.4 bowersj2 2625: \layout Comment
2626:
2627: The following is a commented-out section of the manual, likely to not be
2628: useful.
2629: \layout Comment
1.3 bowersj2 2630:
2631: About The Editor
1.4 bowersj2 2632: \layout Comment
1.3 bowersj2 2633:
2634: \begin_float fig
2635: \layout Caption
2636:
2637: Example of the Map Editor
2638: \begin_inset LatexCommand \label{Map Editor Example Figure}
2639:
2640: \end_inset
2641:
2642:
2643: \end_float
2644: Maps are very powerful and can do a lot.
1.4 bowersj2 2645: They can make decisions as the user progresses, going down different paths
1.3 bowersj2 2646: under different circumstances.
2647: For instance, a map can go down one path if the user gets a problem right,
1.4 bowersj2 2648: and another path if they don't which will provide more help for the student.
1.3 bowersj2 2649:
1.4 bowersj2 2650: \layout Comment
1.3 bowersj2 2651:
2652: To facilitate editing these powerful entities, LON-CAPA has a map editor
2653: that helps you take advantage of this power, as seen in figure
2654: \begin_inset LatexCommand \ref{Map Editor Example Figure}
2655:
2656: \end_inset
2657:
2658: .
2659: The map editor can display the different paths in your browser, and allow
2660: you to edit, insert, and delete resources from your map.
2661: The editor has a
2662: \series bold
2663: Start
2664: \series default
2665: area and a
2666: \series bold
2667: Finish
2668: \series default
2669: area.
2670: The students in the course will progress along on path or another, depending
2671: on decisions made at each resource, as explained later.
2672: Different paths are represented with different lines in the map editor.
2673: In the example figure, there are two paths the student can go down, depending
2674: on whether or not they get the problem at the branch point correct.
2675: By the end of this section, we'll create the map represented in this figure.
1.4 bowersj2 2676: \layout Comment
1.3 bowersj2 2677:
2678: The branching ability can obviously be used to help the student understand
2679: the concept in the problem by having them go through some extra material
2680: based on their performance, but the total uses of this feature are limited
2681: only by your imagination.
2682: \layout Subsection
2683:
1.5 ! bowersj2 2684: Creating a Simple .page With The Simple Editor
! 2685: \layout Standard
! 2686:
! 2687: \begin_float fig
! 2688: \layout Standard
! 2689: \align center
! 2690:
! 2691: \begin_inset Figure size 476 250
! 2692: file mapSimpleEditor.eps
! 2693: width 3 80
! 2694: flags 9
! 2695:
! 2696: \end_inset
! 2697:
! 2698:
! 2699: \layout Caption
! 2700:
! 2701: Simple Map Editor
! 2702: \begin_inset LatexCommand \label{Simple Map Editor}
! 2703:
! 2704: \end_inset
! 2705:
! 2706:
! 2707: \end_float
! 2708: After creating a new .page resource and getting the editor selection prompt
! 2709: (figure
! 2710: \begin_inset LatexCommand \ref{Map Editor Selection Figure}
! 2711:
! 2712: \end_inset
! 2713:
! 2714: ), click the
! 2715: \series bold
! 2716: Simple Edit
! 2717: \series default
! 2718: button to get to the simple sequence editor, which appears in figure
! 2719: \begin_inset LatexCommand \ref{Simple Map Editor}
1.4 bowersj2 2720:
2721: \end_inset
2722:
1.5 ! bowersj2 2723: .
! 2724:
! 2725: \layout Standard
! 2726:
! 2727: The Simple Editor can create .sequences and .pages which are linear, which
! 2728: means they have no branches or conditions.
! 2729: \layout Standard
! 2730:
! 2731: On the right side of the simple editor is the
! 2732: \series bold
! 2733: Target
! 2734: \series default
! 2735: , which represents the map you are currently building.
! 2736: On the left side is the
! 2737: \series bold
! 2738: Import
! 2739: \series default
! 2740: area, which represents a work area you can use for your convenience to
! 2741: load and manipulate resource you may wish to include in your map.
! 2742: Using the three buttons in the middle of the screen, from top to bottom
! 2743: you can cut things out of the Target, copy from the Target to the Import,
! 2744: and copy from the Import to the Target, respectively.
! 2745: \layout Standard
! 2746:
! 2747: On both sides of the screen, you can do a Group Search and a Group Import.
! 2748: A Group Search allows you to run a search, then import selected results
! 2749: from that search into either directly into your Map, or into your Import
! 2750: space.
! 2751: Checkboxes will appear next to the results in the Group Search, and you
! 2752: can click the resource you wish to add to your map.
! 2753: After you select the resource, you will be presented with a screen that
! 2754: allows you to change the order of the selected resources, then you will
! 2755: be able to import the selected resources and work with them.
! 2756: \layout Standard
! 2757:
! 2758: A Group Import works in a similar fashion, but allows you to use the LON-CAPA
! 2759: network browser to select your resources.
! 2760: \layout Standard
! 2761:
! 2762: On the Import side, you can also browse for another Map, and load the resources
! 2763: used in that map into your Import workspace.
! 2764: You can also discard the selected resources, clear all the resources, and
! 2765: view the selected resource from the buttons on the Import side of the screen.
! 2766:
! 2767: \layout Standard
! 2768:
! 2769: Both list boxes support standard multi-select mechanisms as used in your
! 2770: OS.
! 2771: \layout Subsection
! 2772:
! 2773: Creating a Simple .page With The Advanced Editor
! 2774: \layout Standard
! 2775:
! 2776: After creating a new .page resource and getting the editor selection prompt
! 2777: (figure
! 2778: \begin_inset LatexCommand \ref{Map Editor Selection Figure}
! 2779:
! 2780: \end_inset
1.4 bowersj2 2781:
1.5 ! bowersj2 2782: ), click the
! 2783: \series bold
! 2784: Advanced Edit
! 2785: \series default
! 2786: button to get to the advanced sequence editor.
! 2787:
! 2788: \begin_float fig
1.3 bowersj2 2789: \layout Standard
1.5 ! bowersj2 2790: \align center
! 2791:
! 2792: \begin_inset Figure size 476 205
! 2793: file mapAdvancedEditorNew.eps
! 2794: width 3 80
! 2795: flags 11
! 2796:
! 2797: \end_inset
! 2798:
! 2799:
! 2800: \layout Caption
1.3 bowersj2 2801:
1.5 ! bowersj2 2802: Initial Map Editor
! 2803: \begin_inset LatexCommand \label{Initial Map Editor FIgure}
! 2804:
! 2805: \end_inset
! 2806:
! 2807:
! 2808: \end_float
! 2809: You should the initial map editor as seen in figure
! 2810: \begin_inset LatexCommand \ref{Initial Map Editor FIgure}
! 2811:
! 2812: \end_inset
! 2813:
! 2814: .
! 2815: Note there are two windows.
! 2816: One is the workspace, and one is a secondary window which will contain
! 2817: information as you add resources.
1.3 bowersj2 2818: \layout Enumerate
2819:
2820: \begin_float fig
2821: \layout Standard
2822: \align center
2823:
1.4 bowersj2 2824: \begin_inset Figure size 476 221
2825: file mapClickedStart.eps
1.3 bowersj2 2826: width 3 80
2827: flags 9
2828:
2829: \end_inset
2830:
2831:
2832: \layout Caption
2833:
1.4 bowersj2 2834: Clicked Start in the Map Constructor
2835: \begin_inset LatexCommand \label{Clicked Start Figure}
2836:
2837: \end_inset
2838:
2839:
2840: \end_float
2841: Click the Start box.
2842: You'll see what you see in figure
2843: \begin_inset LatexCommand \ref{Clicked Start Figure}
2844:
2845: \end_inset
2846:
2847: .
2848: Click
1.3 bowersj2 2849: \begin_inset Quotes eld
2850: \end_inset
2851:
1.4 bowersj2 2852: Link Resource
1.3 bowersj2 2853: \begin_inset Quotes erd
2854: \end_inset
2855:
1.4 bowersj2 2856: in the secondary window, then click on the Finish box.
2857: \begin_float fig
2858: \layout Standard
2859: \align center
2860:
1.5 ! bowersj2 2861: \begin_inset Figure size 70 210
1.4 bowersj2 2862: file mapStraightened.eps
1.5 ! bowersj2 2863: height 3 25
1.4 bowersj2 2864: flags 9
1.3 bowersj2 2865:
2866: \end_inset
2867:
2868:
1.4 bowersj2 2869: \layout Caption
2870:
2871: Straightened Map
2872: \begin_inset LatexCommand \label{Striaghtened map}
1.3 bowersj2 2873:
2874: \end_inset
2875:
1.4 bowersj2 2876:
2877: \end_float
2878: After that, click
1.3 bowersj2 2879: \begin_inset Quotes eld
2880: \end_inset
2881:
1.4 bowersj2 2882: straighten
1.3 bowersj2 2883: \begin_inset Quotes erd
2884: \end_inset
2885:
1.4 bowersj2 2886: .
2887: You should see something like figure
2888: \begin_inset LatexCommand \ref{Striaghtened map}
2889:
2890: \end_inset
1.3 bowersj2 2891:
1.4 bowersj2 2892: .
2893: This creates a simple map that flows from beginning to end.
1.3 bowersj2 2894: \layout Enumerate
2895:
2896: \begin_float fig
2897: \layout Standard
2898: \align center
2899:
1.5 ! bowersj2 2900: \begin_inset Figure size 271 252
1.4 bowersj2 2901: file mapInsertResource.eps
1.5 ! bowersj2 2902: height 3 30
1.3 bowersj2 2903: flags 9
2904:
2905: \end_inset
2906:
2907:
2908: \layout Caption
2909:
1.4 bowersj2 2910: Inserting a Resource
2911: \begin_inset LatexCommand \label{Inserting a Resource Figure}
1.3 bowersj2 2912:
2913: \end_inset
2914:
2915:
2916: \end_float
1.4 bowersj2 2917: To insert a resource into the flow, click the black line with two arrows.
2918: In the secondary window, you'll see something like figure
2919: \begin_inset LatexCommand \ref{Inserting a Resource Figure}
1.3 bowersj2 2920:
2921: \end_inset
2922:
1.4 bowersj2 2923: .
1.3 bowersj2 2924: Click
2925: \series bold
1.4 bowersj2 2926: Insert Resource Into Link
2927: \series default
2928: .
2929: A new resource will appear in the link.
2930: Click the resource.
2931: \layout Enumerate
2932:
2933: Click
2934: \series bold
1.3 bowersj2 2935: Browse
2936: \series default
2937: , and the
2938: \series bold
2939: Network Directory Browser
2940: \series default
2941: will appear,
2942: \begin_float fig
2943: \layout Standard
2944: \align center
2945:
1.5 ! bowersj2 2946: \begin_inset Figure size 357 162
1.3 bowersj2 2947: file mapEditorDirectoryBrowser.eps
1.5 ! bowersj2 2948: width 3 60
1.3 bowersj2 2949: flags 9
2950:
2951: \end_inset
2952:
2953:
2954: \layout Caption
2955:
2956: Network Directory Browser
2957: \begin_inset LatexCommand \label{Map Editor Network Directory Browser Figure}
2958:
2959: \end_inset
2960:
2961:
2962: \end_float
2963: looking something like figure
2964: \begin_inset LatexCommand \ref{Map Editor Network Directory Browser Figure}
2965:
2966: \end_inset
2967:
2968: .
2969: Press the select button that is next to the resource you want to include.
2970: \begin_float fig
2971: \layout Standard
2972: \align center
2973:
1.5 ! bowersj2 2974: \begin_inset Figure size 42 252
1.3 bowersj2 2975: file mapEditorResourceChosen.eps
1.5 ! bowersj2 2976: height 3 30
1.3 bowersj2 2977: flags 9
2978:
2979: \end_inset
2980:
2981:
2982: \layout Caption
2983:
2984: Resource Chosen
2985: \begin_inset LatexCommand \label{Map Resource Chosen Figure}
2986:
2987: \end_inset
2988:
1.4 bowersj2 2989:
1.3 bowersj2 2990: \end_float
2991: Once you've done that, if you look back at the window that popped up when
2992: you clicked on
2993: \series bold
2994: New Resource
2995: \series default
2996: , you'll see something like figure
2997: \begin_inset LatexCommand \ref{Map Resource Chosen Figure}
2998:
2999: \end_inset
3000:
3001: .
3002: You can type the
3003: \series bold
3004: URL
3005: \series default
3006: and
3007: \series bold
3008: Title
3009: \series default
1.4 bowersj2 3010: into the secondary window, if you prefer, following the format you see
3011: above.
1.3 bowersj2 3012: After you click
3013: \series bold
3014: Save Changes
3015: \series default
3016: , your changes will be saved, and the icons for the resource will appear
3017: in the
3018: \series bold
3019: Res
3020: \series default
3021: box, as shown in figure
3022: \begin_inset LatexCommand \ref{Map Resource Chosen Figure}
3023:
3024: \end_inset
3025:
3026: .
3027: \begin_deeper
3028: \layout Standard
3029:
3030: Clicking on the left icon for a resource will open a new browser window
3031: with an informational page about that resource.
3032: Clicking on the right icon for a resource will open a new browser window
3033: taking you to the rendering of that resource.
3034: \end_deeper
3035: \layout Enumerate
3036:
1.4 bowersj2 3037: Repeat steps two and three for as many resources as you'd like to bind together
3038: into one page.
3039: You can insert the new resources anywhere you'd like.
1.3 bowersj2 3040: \layout Enumerate
3041:
1.4 bowersj2 3042: When you are done adding resources, click the
1.3 bowersj2 3043: \series bold
1.4 bowersj2 3044: Save Map
1.3 bowersj2 3045: \series default
1.4 bowersj2 3046: link to save the map.
1.5 ! bowersj2 3047: \layout Standard
! 3048:
! 3049: In addition to manually adding in resources, the Advanced Editor also has
! 3050: the ability to import resource in the same way that the Simple Editor can:
! 3051: From a LON-CAPA network browser window, from a Group Search, or from another
! 3052: Map.
! 3053: \layout Standard
! 3054:
! 3055: The advanced editor has many more capabilities which you can explore.
1.4 bowersj2 3056: \layout Subsection
1.3 bowersj2 3057:
1.4 bowersj2 3058: Creating Sequences
3059: \begin_inset LatexCommand \index{Sequence}
1.3 bowersj2 3060:
3061: \end_inset
3062:
3063:
1.4 bowersj2 3064: \layout Standard
1.3 bowersj2 3065:
1.4 bowersj2 3066: Sequences are a series of resources that can be navigated using the
3067: \series bold
3068: NAV
3069: \series default
3070: remote control button, or by using the arrow keys on the remote control.
1.5 ! bowersj2 3071: Sequence maps are created identically to page maps.
! 3072: The only difference is how they are displayed.
1.4 bowersj2 3073: \layout Subsection
1.3 bowersj2 3074:
1.4 bowersj2 3075: Creating a Course: Top-level Sequence
3076: \layout Standard
1.3 bowersj2 3077:
1.4 bowersj2 3078: In order to view sequences, they need to be part of a
1.3 bowersj2 3079: \series bold
1.4 bowersj2 3080: course
1.3 bowersj2 3081: \series default
1.4 bowersj2 3082: .
1.3 bowersj2 3083: \begin_float fig
3084: \layout Standard
3085: \align center
3086:
1.5 ! bowersj2 3087: \begin_inset Figure size 238 231
1.4 bowersj2 3088: file creatingANewCourse.eps
1.5 ! bowersj2 3089: width 3 40
1.4 bowersj2 3090: flags 9
1.3 bowersj2 3091:
3092: \end_inset
3093:
3094:
3095: \layout Caption
3096:
1.4 bowersj2 3097: Creating a New Course
3098: \begin_inset LatexCommand \label{Creating a New Course Figure}
1.3 bowersj2 3099:
3100: \end_inset
3101:
3102:
3103: \end_float
1.4 bowersj2 3104: Courses have a Top-level Map which defines the whole course.
3105: This top-level map will often itself contain maps corresponding to homework
3106: assignments or weekly sequences.
3107: To view your maps, you will need to make them part of a course.
3108: Only Domain Administrators can make courses and set their Top-level maps,
1.5 ! bowersj2 3109: so coordinate with your Domain Administrator if you need to view your maps.
1.3 bowersj2 3110: \layout Section
3111:
3112: Numerical Response
3113: \begin_inset LatexCommand \index{Numerical Response}
3114:
3115: \end_inset
3116:
3117:
3118: \begin_inset LatexCommand \label{Numerical Response}
3119:
3120: \end_inset
3121:
1.4 bowersj2 3122: And Formula Response Questions
1.3 bowersj2 3123: \layout Standard
3124:
3125: Numerical Response problems are very powerful.
3126: In fact, they are so powerful it would be impossible to fully explain what
3127: is possible in a document like this.
3128: This chapter will focus on just getting you started with Numerical Response
3129: problems, and showing you some of the possibilities, with no prerequisite
1.5 ! bowersj2 3130: knowledge necessary.
1.3 bowersj2 3131: The more you learn, the more you will find you can do.
3132: \layout Standard
3133:
3134: In this chapter and the next, I will use the terms
3135: \series bold
3136: static
3137: \series default
3138: and
3139: \series bold
3140: dynamic
3141: \series default
3142: .
3143:
3144: \series bold
3145: Static
3146: \series default
3147: means the object never changes, and is the same for each student.
3148: By contrast,
3149: \series bold
3150: dynamic
3151: \series default
3152: means the value can change, because there is some script that computes
3153: it for each student.
3154: \layout Standard
3155:
3156: If you like, you can follow this chapter along as its own tutorial.
3157: Create a Numerical Response problem using the instructions in section
3158: \begin_inset LatexCommand \ref{Creating New Content Pages}
3159:
3160: \end_inset
3161:
3162: , ending your resource name with
3163: \begin_inset Quotes eld
3164: \end_inset
3165:
3166: .problem
3167: \begin_inset Quotes erd
3168: \end_inset
3169:
3170: , and create a new
3171: \series bold
3172: Simple Numerical Response
3173: \series default
3174: problem.
3175: \layout Subsection
3176:
3177: The Parts of a Numerical Response Problem
3178: \layout Standard
3179:
3180: \begin_float fig
3181: \layout Standard
3182: \align center
3183:
3184: \begin_inset Figure size 476 356
3185: file numericalResponse1.eps
3186: width 3 80
3187: flags 9
3188:
3189: \end_inset
3190:
3191:
3192: \layout Caption
3193:
3194: Numerical Response editor
3195: \begin_inset LatexCommand \label{Numerical Response Editor Figure}
3196:
3197: \end_inset
3198:
3199:
3200: \end_float
3201: A Numerical Response problem has seven major parts by default, as seen in
3202: figure
3203: \begin_inset LatexCommand \ref{Numerical Response Editor Figure}
3204:
3205: \end_inset
3206:
3207: :
3208: \layout Enumerate
3209:
3210: The
3211: \series bold
3212: Script
3213: \series default
3214: .
3215: The script is the heart of advanced Numerical Response problems.
3216: It can be used to decide some of the parameters of the problem, compute
3217: the answer to the problem, and do just about anything else you can imagine.
3218: The Script language is
3219: \series bold
3220: Perl
3221: \begin_float footnote
3222: \layout Standard
3223:
3224: For lots and lots more information about Perl, see the Perl website at http://ww
3225: w.perl.org/ .
3226: \end_float
3227: .
3228: You do not need to know Perl to use the Script block, as we will be stepping
3229: through some advanced examples in this chapter, but knowing Perl can help.
3230: \layout Enumerate
3231:
3232: Like other problem types, the
3233: \series bold
3234: Text Block
3235: \series default
3236: is used to display the problem the student will see.
3237: In addition, you can place things in the
3238: \series bold
3239: Text Block
3240: \series default
3241: based on computations done in the
3242: \series bold
3243: Script
3244: \series default
3245: .
3246: \layout Enumerate
3247:
3248: The
3249: \series bold
3250: Answer
3251: \series default
3252: is the answer the system is looking for.
3253: This can also use parameters from the
3254: \series bold
3255: Script
3256: \series default
3257: block, allowing the answer to be computed dynamically.
3258: \layout Enumerate
3259:
3260: A
3261: \series bold
3262: tolerance
3263: \begin_inset LatexCommand \index{tolerance}
3264:
3265: \end_inset
3266:
3267:
3268: \series default
3269: parameter, which determines how closely the system will require the student
3270: answer to be in order to count it correct.
3271: For technical reasons, it is almost never a good idea to set this parameter
3272: to zero
3273: \begin_float footnote
3274: \layout Standard
3275:
3276: Computers can only approximate computations involving real numbers.
3277: For instance, a computer's [decimal] answer to the simple problem
3278: \begin_inset Formula \( \frac{1}{3} \)
3279: \end_inset
3280:
3281: is
3282: \begin_inset Quotes eld
3283: \end_inset
3284:
3285: 0.33333333333333331
3286: \begin_inset Quotes erd
3287: \end_inset
3288:
3289: .
3290: It
3291: \emph on
3292: should
3293: \emph default
3294: be an infinite series of 3's, and there certainly shouldn't be a
3295: \begin_inset Quotes eld
3296: \end_inset
3297:
3298: 1
3299: \begin_inset Quotes erd
3300: \end_inset
3301:
3302: in the answer, but no computer can represent an infinitely long, infinitely
3303: detailed real number.
3304: Therefore, for any problem where the answer is not a small integer, you
3305:
3306: \emph on
3307: need
3308: \emph default
3309: to allow a tolerance factor, or the students will find it nearly impossible
3310: to exactly match the computers idea of the answer.
3311: \end_float
3312: , though you may find the default too large for some problems.
3313: There are two kinds of tolerance.
3314: If there is some answer
3315: \begin_inset Formula \( a \)
3316: \end_inset
3317:
3318: and a tolerance
3319: \begin_inset Formula \( t \)
3320: \end_inset
3321:
3322: ,
3323: \begin_deeper
3324: \layout Enumerate
3325:
3326: an
3327: \series bold
3328: Absolute
3329: \series default
3330: tolerance
3331: \begin_inset LatexCommand \index{absolute tolerance}
3332:
3333: \end_inset
3334:
3335:
3336: \begin_inset LatexCommand \index{tolerance, absolute}
3337:
3338: \end_inset
3339:
3340: will take anything in the range
3341: \begin_inset Formula \( a\pm t \)
3342: \end_inset
3343:
3344: .
3345: So if
3346: \begin_inset Formula \( a=10 \)
3347: \end_inset
3348:
3349: and
3350: \begin_inset Formula \( t=2 \)
3351: \end_inset
3352:
3353: , then anything between 8 and 12 is acceptable
3354: \begin_float footnote
3355: \end_deeper
3356: \layout Standard
3357:
3358: For much the same reasons a tolerance is almost always a good idea, it's
3359: almost impossible to say whether an answer that is
3360: \emph on
3361: exactly
3362: \emph default
3363:
3364: \begin_inset Formula \( a\pm t \)
3365: \end_inset
3366:
3367: will be accepted by the computer.
3368: But the computer does use many decimal places of accuracy; if you want
3369: to have the student answer exactly
3370: \begin_inset Quotes eld
3371: \end_inset
3372:
3373: 2
3374: \begin_inset Quotes erd
3375: \end_inset
3376:
3377: , then specifying a tolerance of
3378: \begin_inset Quotes eld
3379: \end_inset
3380:
3381: .0000001
3382: \begin_inset Quotes erd
3383: \end_inset
3384:
3385: is OK.
3386: (Don't use too many more zeros, though you can use less if you like.)
3387: \end_float
3388: .
3389: Any number in the tolerance field
3390: \emph on
3391: without
3392: \emph default
3393: a
3394: \series bold
3395: %
3396: \series default
3397: symbol is an absolute tolerance.
3398: \begin_deeper
3399: \layout Enumerate
3400:
3401: a
3402: \series bold
3403: Relative
3404: \series default
3405: tolerance
3406: \begin_inset LatexCommand \index{relative tolerance}
3407:
3408: \end_inset
3409:
3410:
3411: \begin_inset LatexCommand \index{tolerance, relative}
3412:
3413: \end_inset
3414:
3415: will take anything in the range
3416: \begin_inset Formula \( a\pm at \)
3417: \end_inset
3418:
3419: , where
3420: \emph on
3421: t
3422: \emph default
3423: is interpreted as a percentage.
3424: Any number in the tolerance field
3425: \emph on
1.5 ! bowersj2 3426: followed by
1.3 bowersj2 3427: \emph default
3428: a
3429: \series bold
3430: %
3431: \series default
3432: symbol is a relative tolerance.
3433: For example,
3434: \begin_inset Formula \( a=10 \)
3435: \end_inset
3436:
3437: and
3438: \begin_inset Formula \( t=10\% \)
3439: \end_inset
3440:
3441: will accept anything between 9 and 11.
3442:
3443: \end_deeper
3444: \layout Enumerate
3445:
3446: A
3447: \series bold
3448: significant figures
3449: \series default
3450: specification tells the system how many significant figures there are in
3451: the problem, as either a single number or a range of acceptable values,
3452: expressed as
3453: \series bold
3454: min,max
3455: \series default
3456: .
3457: The system will check to make sure that the student's answer contains this
3458: many significant digits, useful in many scientific calculations.
3459: For example, if the problem has three significant digits, the significant
3460: digit specification is
3461: \begin_inset Quotes eld
3462: \end_inset
3463:
3464: 3
3465: \begin_inset Quotes erd
3466: \end_inset
3467:
3468: , and the answer is
3469: \begin_inset Quotes eld
3470: \end_inset
3471:
3472: 1.3
3473: \begin_inset Quotes erd
3474: \end_inset
3475:
3476: , the system will require the students to type
3477: \begin_inset Quotes eld
3478: \end_inset
3479:
3480: 1.30
3481: \begin_inset Quotes erd
3482: \end_inset
3483:
3484: , even though numerically,
3485: \begin_inset Quotes eld
3486: \end_inset
3487:
3488: 1.3
3489: \begin_inset Quotes erd
3490: \end_inset
3491:
3492: and
3493: \begin_inset Quotes eld
3494: \end_inset
3495:
3496: 1.30
3497: \begin_inset Quotes erd
3498: \end_inset
3499:
3500: are the same.
3501: \begin_deeper
3502: \layout Comment
3503:
3504: Confirm this.
3505: \end_deeper
3506: \layout Enumerate
3507:
3508: The
3509: \series bold
3510: Single Line Text Entry
3511: \series default
3512: area, as in other problems, allow you to manipulate the text entry area
3513: the student will see.
3514: \layout Enumerate
3515:
3516: Finally, the
3517: \series bold
3518: Hint
3519: \series default
3520: provides a place to help students who get the problem incorrect the first
3521: time.
3522: \layout Subsection
3523:
3524: Simple Numerical Response Answer
3525: \layout Standard
3526:
3527: Along with showing the Numerical Response editor, figure
3528: \begin_inset LatexCommand \ref{Numerical Response Editor Figure}
3529:
3530: \end_inset
3531:
3532: also shows the parameters for one of the simplest possible types of numerical
3533: response.
3534: The
3535: \series bold
3536: Text Block
3537: \series default
3538: has the problem's question, which is the static text
3539: \begin_inset Quotes eld
3540: \end_inset
3541:
3542: What is 2 + 2?
3543: \begin_inset Quotes erd
3544: \end_inset
3545:
3546: The
3547: \series bold
3548: Answer
3549: \series default
3550: is
3551: \begin_inset Quotes eld
3552: \end_inset
3553:
3554: 4
3555: \begin_inset Quotes erd
3556: \end_inset
3557:
3558: .
3559: The
3560: \series bold
3561: Hint
3562: \series default
3563: has been set to something appropriate for this problem (unless this problem
3564: is being given to very young children).
3565: Everything else has the default values from when the problem was created.
3566: \layout Standard
3567:
3568: If you create a problem like this, hit
3569: \series bold
3570: Submit Changes
3571: \series default
3572: , then hit
3573: \series bold
3574: View
3575: \series default
3576: after the changes have been submitted, you can try the problem out for
3577: yourself.
3578: Note the last box in the HTML page has the answer LON-CAPA is looking for
3579: conveniently displayed for you, along with the range the computer will
3580: accept and the number of significant digits the computer requires.
3581: \layout Standard
3582:
3583: As you're playing with the problem, if you use up all your tries or get
3584: the answer correct but wish to continue playing with the problem, use the
3585:
3586: \series bold
3587: Reset Submissions
3588: \series default
3589: button to clear your answer attempts.
3590:
3591: \layout Subsection
3592:
3593: Simple Script Usage
3594: \layout Standard
3595:
3596: Totally static problems only scratch the surface of the Numerical Response
3597: capabilities.
3598: To really explore the power of LON-CAPA, we need to start creating dynamic
3599: problems.
3600: But before we can get to truly dynamic problems, we need to learn how to
3601: work with the
3602: \series bold
3603: Script
3604: \begin_inset LatexCommand \index{Script}
3605:
3606: \end_inset
3607:
3608:
3609: \series default
3610: window.
3611: \layout Standard
3612:
3613: A script consists of several
3614: \series bold
3615: statements
3616: \series default
1.5 ! bowersj2 3617: , separated by
1.3 bowersj2 3618: \series bold
3619: semi-colons
3620: \series default
3621: .
3622: A
3623: \series bold
3624: statement
3625: \begin_inset LatexCommand \index{statement}
3626:
3627: \end_inset
3628:
3629:
3630: \series default
3631: is the smallest kind of instruction to the computer you can give.
3632: Most problems will be built from several statements.
3633:
3634: \layout Standard
3635:
3636: A script can contain
3637: \series bold
3638: comments
3639: \series default
3640: , which are not interpreted as statements by the computer.
3641: Comments start with
3642: \series bold
3643: #
3644: \series default
3645: , and go to the end of that line.
3646: Thus, if a line starts with #, the whole line is ignored.
3647: Comments can also begin in the middle of a line.
3648: It is a good idea to comment more complicated scripts, as it can be very
3649: difficult to read a large script and figure out what it does.
3650: It is a
3651: \emph on
3652: very
3653: \emph default
3654: good idea to adopt some sort of commenting standard, especially if you
1.5 ! bowersj2 3655: are working in a group or you believe other people may use your problems
! 3656: in the future.
1.4 bowersj2 3657: \layout Itemize
1.3 bowersj2 3658:
3659: One of the simplest statements in LON-CAPA is a
3660: \series bold
3661: variable assignment
3662: \series default
3663: .
3664: A
3665: \series bold
3666: variable
3667: \series default
3668: can hold any value in it.
3669: Simple values, such as a number or a string of text, start with a
3670: \series bold
3671: $
3672: \series default
3673: .
3674: In the
3675: \series bold
3676: Script
3677: \series default
3678: , you need to assign to variables before you use them.
3679: Put the program in Figure
3680: \begin_float fig
3681: \layout LyX-Code
3682: \align center
3683: $variable = 3;
3684: \layout Caption
3685: \pextra_type 3 \pextra_widthp 40
3686:
3687: A simple script with a variable
3688: \begin_inset LatexCommand \label{A simple script with a variable}
3689:
3690: \end_inset
3691:
3692:
3693: \end_float
3694:
3695: \begin_inset LatexCommand \ref{A simple script with a variable}
3696:
3697: \end_inset
3698:
3699: into the
3700: \series bold
3701: Script
3702: \series default
3703: field of the Numerical Response.
3704: This creates a simple variable named
3705: \series bold
3706: variable
3707: \series default
3708: and assigns it the value of
3709: \begin_inset Quotes eld
3710: \end_inset
3711:
3712: 3
3713: \begin_inset Quotes erd
3714: \end_inset
3715:
3716: .
3717: That's one statement.
3718: \layout Standard
3719:
3720: Variable names are
3721: \emph on
3722: case sensitive
3723: \emph default
3724: , must start with a letter, and can only consist of letters, numbers, and
3725: underscores.
3726: Variable names can be as long as you want.
3727:
3728: \layout Standard
3729:
3730: Getting variable names right is a skill.
3731: Variable names should not be too long, because they become easy to mistype.
3732: Variable names should also not be too short, with the exception of some
1.5 ! bowersj2 3733: conventionally short variable names used in control flow statements, which
! 3734: are not covered in this manual.
1.3 bowersj2 3735: \layout Standard
3736:
3737: There are many variable naming conventions, covering both how to name and
1.5 ! bowersj2 3738: how to capitalize variables
1.3 bowersj2 3739: \begin_float footnote
3740: \layout Standard
3741:
3742: The author favors
3743: \family typewriter
3744: capsOnNewWords
3745: \family default
3746: .
3747: Some people use
3748: \family typewriter
3749: underscore_to_seperate_words
3750: \family default
3751: .
3752: Many use uppercase letters to specify constants like
3753: \family typewriter
3754: PI
3755: \family default
3756: or
3757: \family typewriter
3758: GOLDEN_MEAN
3759: \family default
3760: .
3761: Some people always
3762: \family typewriter
3763: StartWithCapatalization
3764: \family default
3765: .
3766: What's really importent is to be consistent, so you don't have to guess
3767: whether the variable you're thinking of is
3768: \family typewriter
3769: coefFriction
3770: \family default
3771: ,
3772: \family typewriter
3773: CoefFriction
3774: \family default
3775: ,
3776: \family typewriter
3777: COEF_FRICTION
3778: \family default
3779: , or something else.
3780: \end_float
3781: .
3782: It is a good idea to adopt a standard.
3783: If you are working with a group, you may wish to discuss it in your group
3784: and agree on a convention.
3785:
3786: \layout Standard
3787:
3788: If you
3789: \series bold
3790: Submit Changes
3791: \series default
3792: and
3793: \series bold
3794: View
3795: \series default
3796: the problem, you'll see nothing has changed.
3797: That's because in order for a variable to be useful, it must be used.
3798: The variable can be used in several places.
3799: \layout Subsubsection
3800:
3801: Variables in Scripts
3802: \layout Standard
3803:
3804: Variables can be used later in the same script.
3805: For instance, we can add another line below the
3806: \family typewriter
3807: $variable
3808: \family default
3809: line as such:
3810: \layout LyX-Code
3811:
3812: $variable2 = $variable + 2;
3813: \layout Standard
3814:
1.5 ! bowersj2 3815: Now there is a variable called
1.3 bowersj2 3816: \family typewriter
3817: $variable2
3818: \family default
1.5 ! bowersj2 3819: with the the number
1.3 bowersj2 3820: \begin_inset Quotes eld
3821: \end_inset
3822:
3823: 5
3824: \begin_inset Quotes erd
3825: \end_inset
3826:
1.5 ! bowersj2 3827: as its value.
1.3 bowersj2 3828:
3829: \layout Standard
3830:
3831: Variables can also be used in
3832: \emph on
3833: strings
3834: \emph default
3835:
3836: \begin_inset LatexCommand \index{strings}
3837:
3838: \end_inset
3839:
3840: , which are a sequence of letters.
3841: The underlying language of the script, Perl, has a very large number of
3842: ways of using variables in strings, but the easiest and most common way
3843: is to use normal double-quotes and just spell out the name of the variable
3844: you want to use in the string, like this:
3845: \layout LyX-Code
3846:
3847: $stringVar =
3848: \begin_inset Quotes eld
3849: \end_inset
3850:
3851: I have a variable with the value $variable.
3852: \begin_inset Quotes erd
3853: \end_inset
3854:
3855:
3856: \layout Standard
3857:
3858: This will put the string
3859: \begin_inset Quotes eld
3860: \end_inset
3861:
3862: I have a variable with the value 3.
3863: \begin_inset Quotes erd
3864: \end_inset
3865:
3866: into the variable named
3867: \begin_inset Quotes eld
3868: \end_inset
3869:
3870: stringVar
3871: \begin_inset Quotes erd
3872: \end_inset
3873:
3874: .
3875: \layout Standard
3876:
3877: If you are following this chapter as a tutorial, add the previous two lines
3878: and save the problem.
3879: There's no need to view it; there's still no visible change.
3880: \layout Subsubsection
3881:
3882: Variables in the Text Block
3883: \layout Standard
3884:
3885: Once you've defined variables in the
3886: \series bold
3887: Script
3888: \series default
3889: , you can use them in the
3890: \series bold
3891: Text Block
3892: \series default
3893: .
3894: For example, using the previous three-line script we've created so far,
3895: you can place the following in the
3896: \series bold
3897: Text Block
3898: \series default
3899: :
3900: \layout LyX-Code
3901:
3902: See the 3: $variable<br />
3903: \layout LyX-Code
3904:
3905: See the string: <b>$stringVar</b><br />
3906: \layout Standard
3907:
3908: \begin_float fig
3909: \layout Standard
3910: \align center
3911:
3912: \begin_inset Figure size 353 99
3913: file numericalResponseVarInText.eps
3914: flags 9
3915:
3916: \end_inset
3917:
3918:
3919: \layout Caption
3920:
3921: Result of Variables in the Text Block
3922: \begin_inset LatexCommand \label{Result of Variables in the Text Block Figure}
3923:
3924: \end_inset
3925:
3926:
3927: \end_float
3928: If you save that and hit
3929: \series bold
3930: View
3931: \series default
3932: , you should get what you see in figure
3933: \begin_inset LatexCommand \ref{Result of Variables in the Text Block Figure}
3934:
3935: \end_inset
3936:
3937: .
3938: Note how the
3939: \begin_inset Quotes eld
3940: \end_inset
3941:
3942: $variable
3943: \begin_inset Quotes erd
3944: \end_inset
3945:
3946: was turned into a 3, and the
3947: \begin_inset Quotes eld
3948: \end_inset
3949:
3950: $stringVar
3951: \begin_inset Quotes erd
3952: \end_inset
3953:
3954: was turned into
3955: \begin_inset Quotes eld
3956: \end_inset
3957:
3958: I have a variable with the value 3.
3959: \begin_inset Quotes erd
3960: \end_inset
3961:
3962:
3963: \layout Subsubsection
3964:
3965: Variables in the Answer Block
3966: \layout Standard
3967:
3968: You can use variables in the
3969: \series bold
3970: Answer
3971: \series default
3972: part of the question, too.
3973: This means you can compute an answer to a question, which we'll see in
3974: a bit.
3975: If you set the answer of the question to be
3976: \begin_inset Quotes eld
3977: \end_inset
3978:
3979: $variable
3980: \begin_inset Quotes erd
3981: \end_inset
3982:
3983: (without the quotes),
3984: \series bold
3985: Save Changes
3986: \series default
3987: and
3988: \series bold
3989: View
3990: \series default
3991: it, you'll see that LON-CAPA is now expecting
3992: \begin_inset Quotes eld
3993: \end_inset
3994:
3995: 3
3996: \begin_inset Quotes erd
3997: \end_inset
3998:
3999: as the answer, plus or minus 5%.
4000: \layout Subsection
4001:
4002: Calling Functions
4003: \layout Standard
4004:
1.4 bowersj2 4005: With variables, you can store strings or numbers.
4006:
4007: \series bold
4008: Functions
4009: \series default
4010: allow you to manipulate these strings or numbers.
1.5 ! bowersj2 4011: Functions work like mathematical functions: They take some number of arguments
! 4012: in, and return one argument, usually a number or a string for our purposes.
1.4 bowersj2 4013: There are a lot of functions available in LON-CAPA.
4014: You can see a complete list at http://mileva.lite.msu.edu/loncapadocs/homework/hom
4015: ework5.html.
4016: For now, let's just look at some simple examples.
4017: \layout Standard
4018:
4019: \begin_float fig
4020: \layout LyX-Code
4021:
4022: $a = 3;
4023: \layout LyX-Code
4024:
4025: $b = &sin($a);
4026: \layout LyX-Code
4027:
4028: $c = &pow(3, &floor($a));
4029: \layout Caption
4030:
4031: Some Function Calls
4032: \begin_inset LatexCommand \label{Some Function Calls Figure}
4033:
4034: \end_inset
4035:
4036:
4037: \end_float
4038: In the
4039: \series bold
4040: Script
4041: \series default
4042: block, function names start with
4043: \series bold
4044: &
4045: \series default
4046: .
4047: Some example function calls are shown in figure
4048: \begin_inset LatexCommand \ref{Some Function Calls Figure}
4049:
4050: \end_inset
4051:
4052: .
4053: You can see that functions can take either variables, numbers, or the results
4054: of other function calls as parameters.
4055: The
4056: \family typewriter
4057: sin
4058: \family default
4059: function returns the sine of an angle expressed in radians.
4060:
4061: \family typewriter
4062: pow
4063: \family default
4064: raises the first parameter to the power of the second parameter.
4065:
4066: \family typewriter
4067: floor
4068: \family default
4069: returns the nearest integer below the parameter, which since 3 is already
4070: an integer is 3.
1.3 bowersj2 4071: \layout Subsubsection
4072:
4073: Randomization
4074: \begin_inset LatexCommand \index{Randomization}
4075:
4076: \end_inset
4077:
4078:
4079: \layout Standard
4080:
1.5 ! bowersj2 4081: For LON-CAPA, one of the most important functions is the
1.4 bowersj2 4082: \family typewriter
4083: random
4084: \family default
4085: function.
4086: Random takes three parameters, a
4087: \emph on
4088: lower limit
4089: \emph default
4090: , an
4091: \emph on
4092: upper limit
4093: \emph default
4094: , and an
4095: \emph on
4096: interval
4097: \emph default
4098: .
4099: The
4100: \family typewriter
4101: random
4102: \family default
4103: function returns a random value between the upper and lower limit, some
4104: integer number of
4105: \emph on
4106: interval
4107: \emph default
4108: 's away from the lower limit.
4109: Thus, for example,
4110: \family typewriter
1.5 ! bowersj2 4111: &random(1,2,.2)
1.4 bowersj2 4112: \family default
4113: might return 1, 1.2, 1.4, 1.6, 1.8, or 2.
4114:
1.5 ! bowersj2 4115: \family typewriter
! 4116: random
! 4117: \family default
! 4118: uses a uniform distribution.
! 4119: Other distributions are available in LON-CAPA, and can be found by consulting
! 4120: the function list.
1.4 bowersj2 4121: \layout Standard
4122:
4123: \begin_float fig
4124: \layout LyX-Code
4125:
4126: $a = &random(1,10,1);
4127: \layout LyX-Code
4128:
4129: $b = &random(-10, -3, 1);
4130: \layout LyX-Code
4131:
4132: $answer = $a+$b;
4133: \layout Caption
4134:
4135: Sample
4136: \family typewriter
4137: random
4138: \family default
4139: Calls
4140: \begin_inset LatexCommand \label{Sample Random Calls figure}
4141:
4142: \end_inset
4143:
4144:
4145: \end_float
4146: If you put the script in figure
4147: \begin_inset LatexCommand \ref{Sample Random Calls figure}
4148:
4149: \end_inset
4150:
4151: into the
4152: \series bold
4153: Script
4154: \series default
4155: block (replacing whatever contents might be in the block already), you'll
4156: get two random variables $a and $b.
4157: Now, in the
4158: \series bold
4159: Text Block
4160: \series default
4161: , put
4162: \begin_inset Quotes eld
4163: \end_inset
4164:
4165: What is $a plus $b?
4166: \begin_inset Quotes erd
4167: \end_inset
4168:
4169: , and in the
4170: \series bold
4171: Answer
4172: \series default
4173: put
4174: \begin_inset Quotes eld
4175: \end_inset
4176:
4177: $answer
4178: \begin_inset Quotes erd
4179: \end_inset
4180:
4181: , without the quotes for either of them.
4182: (It is a good idea to create a variable to hold the answer and call it
1.5 ! bowersj2 4183: $answer, or some other reasonably standard name.
1.4 bowersj2 4184: Do not try to compute the answer in the
4185: \series bold
4186: Answer
4187: \series default
4188: field itself; it will not work as you expect.) Now save the problem and
4189:
4190: \series bold
4191: View
4192: \series default
4193: it.
4194: You'll see a randomized problem.
4195: \layout Standard
4196:
4197: For each student, the same random number will be used each time they visit
4198: the problem, but each student will get different random numbers.
4199: For any but the simplest random problems, you'll want to see several random
4200: problems to make sure everything is working out correctly.
4201: This is what the
4202: \series bold
4203: Random Seed
4204: \begin_inset LatexCommand \index{Random Seed}
4205:
4206: \end_inset
4207:
4208:
4209: \series default
4210: field is for.
4211: To see another randomized version of the problem you've just created, put
4212: another number into the
4213: \series bold
4214: Random Seed
4215: \series default
4216: field and hit
4217: \series bold
4218: Change
4219: \series default
4220: .
4221: It doesn't really matter what number you put into the field.
4222: But for any given
4223: \series bold
4224: Random Seed
4225: \series default
4226: with the same problem, you'll see the same randomized problem generated
4227: for you.
4228: (If you change the
4229: \series bold
4230: Script
4231: \series default
1.5 ! bowersj2 4232: , you are no longer guaranteed to get the same problem.)
1.4 bowersj2 4233: \layout Standard
4234:
4235: If you're doing this as a tutorial, try a few random seeds to see what happens.
1.3 bowersj2 4236: \layout Subsection
4237:
4238: Dynamic, Randomized Problems: Putting It All Together
4239: \layout Standard
4240:
1.4 bowersj2 4241: Now you have all the tools to create those wonderful dynamic, randomized
4242: problems that you've seen in LON-CAPA.
4243: \begin_float fig
4244: \layout Standard
4245: \align center
4246:
4247: \begin_inset Figure size 476 197
4248: file numericalResponseSlopeProblem.eps
4249: width 3 80
4250: flags 9
4251:
4252: \end_inset
4253:
4254:
4255: \layout Caption
4256:
4257: Slope Problem Parameters
4258: \begin_inset LatexCommand \label{Slope Problem Parameters Figure}
4259:
4260: \end_inset
4261:
4262:
4263: \end_float
4264: For example, try filling out your problem with the parameters shown in
4265: figure
4266: \begin_inset LatexCommand \ref{Slope Problem Parameters Figure}
4267:
4268: \end_inset
4269:
4270: .
4271:
4272: \layout Standard
4273:
4274: When creating randomized problems, you want to make sure that the problems
1.5 ! bowersj2 4275: always have an answer.
! 4276: Consider what might happen if I had chosen the two slopes
1.4 bowersj2 4277: \emph on
4278: both
4279: \emph default
4280: with the expression
4281: \family typewriter
4282: &rand(-1,1,.2)
4283: \family default
4284: .
4285: One out of ten students would get a problem where both slopes were equal,
4286: which has either no solution (for unequal y-intercepts) or an infinite
4287: number of solutions (for equal slopes and y-intercepts).
4288: Both of these cause a division-by-zero error on the division that computes
4289: the answer.
4290: There are many ways to avoid this, one of the easiest of which is picking
4291: one slope negative and one positive.
4292: This same problem can show up in many other places, too, so be careful.
4293: \layout Subsection
4294:
4295: Units, Format
4296: \layout Standard
4297:
4298: Numerical Response problems can require units.
1.5 ! bowersj2 4299: In the problem editing form, place the desired unit in the
1.4 bowersj2 4300: \series bold
4301: Unit
4302: \series default
4303: field.
4304: For information about what units the system accepts, see http://capa4.lite.msu.edu
4305: /demolibrary/Links/UnitsSymbolsT2.html.
4306: The computer will accept the answer in any of its accepted unit formats.
4307: For example, if the answer to a problem is
4308: \begin_inset Quotes eld
4309: \end_inset
4310:
4311: 1ft
4312: \begin_inset Quotes erd
4313: \end_inset
4314:
4315: , the computer will accept
4316: \begin_inset Quotes eld
4317: \end_inset
4318:
4319: 12in
4320: \begin_inset Quotes erd
4321: \end_inset
4322:
4323: as correct.
4324: \layout Standard
4325:
4326: Additionally, you can format the number displayed by the computer as the
4327: answer.
4328: For instance, if the answer is one-third, the computer will display that
4329: it computed
4330: \begin_inset Quotes eld
4331: \end_inset
4332:
4333: .333333333
4334: \begin_inset Quotes erd
4335: \end_inset
4336:
4337: as the answer.
4338: If you'd like to shorten that, you can use the
4339: \series bold
4340: Format
4341: \series default
4342: field.
4343: Format strings like
4344: \begin_inset Quotes eld
4345: \end_inset
4346:
4347: 2e
4348: \begin_inset Quotes erd
4349: \end_inset
4350:
4351: (without the quotes) will display three significant digits in scientific
4352: notation.
4353: Format strings like
4354: \begin_inset Quotes eld
4355: \end_inset
4356:
4357: 2f
4358: \begin_inset Quotes erd
4359: \end_inset
4360:
1.5 ! bowersj2 4361: will display three significant digit in traditional notation if possible,
! 4362: and scientific notation if the number is too large or too small.
! 4363: You can use any small number that you want instead of
1.4 bowersj2 4364: \begin_inset Quotes eld
4365: \end_inset
4366:
4367: 2
4368: \begin_inset Quotes erd
4369: \end_inset
4370:
4371: .
1.3 bowersj2 4372: \layout Subsection
4373:
4374: For More Information
4375: \layout Standard
4376:
4377: It's always a good idea to look at other people's LON-CAPA problems, especially
4378: those from the same discipline as your problems, and see what they are
4379: doing.
4380:
4381: \series bold
4382: Very often, the easiest way to create a new problem is to copy it and modify
4383: the copy until it does what you need.
4384:
4385: \series default
4386: The more complicated a problem is, the more time you'll save by doing this.
1.4 bowersj2 4387: You may also find new ideas you can use and elaborate on in your problems.
1.3 bowersj2 4388: \layout Comment
4389:
4390: Is there UI for this? Check.
4391: \layout Standard
4392:
4393: The full power of the Perl is well outside the scope of this document.
1.4 bowersj2 4394: Looking in the function list at http://mileva.lite.msu.edu/loncapadocs/homework/ho
4395: mework5.html can give you some ideas.
4396: O'Reilly has some good Perl books.
1.5 ! bowersj2 4397: The Perl 5 Pocket Reference will contain more then what you need to know
1.4 bowersj2 4398: to use LON-CAPA, available at http://www.oreilly.com/catalog/perlpr3/ .
4399: \layout Standard
4400:
4401: If you have any problems, consult http://help.loncapa.org/fom/cache/5.html
4402: .
4403: If you don't find the answer to your problem, please help us expand the
4404: FAQ by emailing us your question so we can answer it.
4405: \layout Standard
4406:
4407: Our advanced users often come to prefer the XML interface for the problems,
4408: available through the
4409: \series bold
4410: EditXML
4411: \series default
4412: buttons.
4413: Covering the XML format is beyond the scope of this manual, but you can
4414: learn a lot by using the editor to make changes and seeing what happens
4415: to the XML.
4416: \layout Subsection
4417:
4418: Formula Response
4419: \begin_inset LatexCommand \index{Formula Response}
4420:
4421: \end_inset
4422:
4423:
4424: \begin_inset LatexCommand \label{Formula Response}
4425:
4426: \end_inset
4427:
4428: Problems
4429: \layout Standard
4430:
4431: \begin_float fig
4432: \layout Standard
4433: \align center
4434:
4435: \begin_inset Figure size 476 262
4436: file formulaResponse.eps
4437: width 3 80
4438: flags 9
4439:
4440: \end_inset
4441:
4442:
4443: \layout Caption
4444:
4445: Formula Response Problem
4446: \end_float
4447: Formula response problems asks the student to type in a formula as an answer.
4448: If the answer is
4449: \begin_inset Formula \( 2x^{2}+4 \)
4450: \end_inset
4451:
4452: , the student is allowed to type
4453: \begin_inset Quotes eld
4454: \end_inset
4455:
4456: 2*x*x+4
4457: \begin_inset Quotes erd
4458: \end_inset
4459:
4460: ,
4461: \begin_inset Quotes eld
4462: \end_inset
4463:
4464: x*x + x*x + 4
4465: \begin_inset Quotes erd
4466: \end_inset
4467:
4468: ,
4469: \begin_inset Quotes eld
4470: \end_inset
4471:
4472: 2*x^2 + 14 - 10
4473: \begin_inset Quotes erd
4474: \end_inset
4475:
4476: , or any other equivalent expression.
4477: Formula Response problems have many of the same characteristics of Numerical
4478: Response problems, including the ability to run scripts, dynamically generate
4479: answers, etc.
4480:
4481: \layout Standard
4482:
4483: As you may know, it is extremely difficult to determine whether a given
4484: expression is exactly equal to another expression in general.
4485: For example, is
4486: \begin_inset Formula \( \sin 2x=2\sin x\cos x \)
4487: \end_inset
4488:
4489: ? Symbolically proving it one way or another is impossible in general.
4490: Therefore, LON-CAPA uses a sampling system.
4491: If your answer and the student's answer agree at the sampling points within
4492: your given tolerance factor, the student's answer will be accepted, otherwise
4493: it will be rejected.
1.5 ! bowersj2 4494: \layout Subsubsection
1.4 bowersj2 4495:
1.5 ! bowersj2 4496: Sampling Specifications
1.4 bowersj2 4497: \layout Standard
4498:
1.5 ! bowersj2 4499: To specify where to sample the formulas to determine whether the student's
! 4500: answer is correct, you need to put a sampling specification in the
! 4501: \series bold
! 4502: Sample Points
! 4503: \series default
1.4 bowersj2 4504:
4505: \begin_inset LatexCommand \index{Sample Points}
4506:
4507: \end_inset
4508:
1.5 ! bowersj2 4509: field.
! 4510: The sampling specifications takes the following format:
! 4511: \layout Itemize
! 4512:
! 4513: A comma seperated list of the variables you wish to interpret,
! 4514: \layout Itemize
1.4 bowersj2 4515:
1.5 ! bowersj2 4516: followed by
! 4517: \begin_inset Quotes eld
! 4518: \end_inset
! 4519:
! 4520: @
! 4521: \begin_inset Quotes erd
! 4522: \end_inset
1.4 bowersj2 4523:
1.5 ! bowersj2 4524: (not in quotes),
1.4 bowersj2 4525: \layout Itemize
4526:
1.5 ! bowersj2 4527: followed by any number of the following two things, separated by semi-colons:
! 4528: \begin_deeper
! 4529: \layout Enumerate
1.4 bowersj2 4530:
1.5 ! bowersj2 4531: a comma separated list of as many numbers as there are variables, which
! 4532: specifies one sampling point, OR
! 4533: \layout Enumerate
1.3 bowersj2 4534:
1.5 ! bowersj2 4535: a comma separated list of as many numbers as there are variables, followed
! 4536: a colon, followed by another list of as many numbers as there are variables,
! 4537: followed by #, followed by an integer.
! 4538: \end_deeper
! 4539: \layout Standard
1.3 bowersj2 4540:
1.5 ! bowersj2 4541: The first form specifies one point to sample.
! 4542: The second form specifies a range for each variable, and the system will
! 4543: take as many random samples from that range as the number after the #.
1.4 bowersj2 4544: \layout Standard
4545:
4546: For
4547: \begin_inset Formula \( 2x^{2}+4 \)
4548: \end_inset
4549:
4550: , with one variable
4551: \begin_inset Quotes eld
4552: \end_inset
4553:
4554: x
4555: \begin_inset Quotes erd
4556: \end_inset
4557:
1.5 ! bowersj2 4558: , one could specify
! 4559: \layout Itemize
! 4560:
! 4561:
1.4 bowersj2 4562: \begin_inset Quotes eld
4563: \end_inset
4564:
4565: x@2
4566: \begin_inset Quotes erd
4567: \end_inset
4568:
1.5 ! bowersj2 4569: , which will sample the answers only at 2.
! 4570: (This is generally a bad idea, as the student could get lucky and match
! 4571: at that point)
! 4572: \layout Itemize
! 4573:
! 4574:
1.4 bowersj2 4575: \begin_inset Quotes eld
4576: \end_inset
4577:
1.5 ! bowersj2 4578: x@1:5#4;10
1.4 bowersj2 4579: \begin_inset Quotes erd
4580: \end_inset
4581:
1.5 ! bowersj2 4582: will take 4 samples from somewhere between 1 and 5, and also sample at
! 4583: 10.
! 4584: \layout Standard
! 4585:
! 4586: For
! 4587: \begin_inset Formula \( 2x^{2}+3y^{3} \)
! 4588: \end_inset
! 4589:
! 4590: , which has two variables, one could specify
! 4591: \layout Itemize
! 4592:
! 4593:
! 4594: \begin_inset Quotes eld
! 4595: \end_inset
! 4596:
! 4597: x,y@4,5:10,12#4;0,0
! 4598: \begin_inset Quotes erd
1.4 bowersj2 4599: \end_inset
4600:
1.5 ! bowersj2 4601: , which take four samples from the box determined by the points (4, 5) and
! 4602: (10, 12), and also sample the point (0, 0).
! 4603: \layout Subsubsection
! 4604:
! 4605: Formula Notes
! 4606: \layout Itemize
! 4607:
! 4608: The formula evaluator can not handle things of the form
1.3 bowersj2 4609: \begin_inset Quotes eld
4610: \end_inset
4611:
1.5 ! bowersj2 4612: x + - y
1.3 bowersj2 4613: \begin_inset Quotes erd
4614: \end_inset
4615:
4616: .
1.5 ! bowersj2 4617: If you have a random variable that may be positive or negative (as in the
! 4618: example following this section), you can try wrapping the references to
! 4619: that variable in parenthesis.
! 4620: As always, it is a good idea to try out several randomized versions of
! 4621: your problems to make sure everything works correctly.
! 4622: \layout Itemize
! 4623:
! 4624:
! 4625: \series bold
! 4626: Never use relative tolerance in Formula Response problems.
! 4627: \begin_inset LatexCommand \index{tolerance, in formula response}
! 4628:
! 4629: \end_inset
! 4630:
! 4631:
! 4632: \begin_inset LatexCommand \index{relative tolerance, in formula response}
! 4633:
! 4634: \end_inset
! 4635:
! 4636:
! 4637: \series default
! 4638: Relative tolerance is poorly defined in Formula Response problems.
! 4639: Always use absolute tolerance.
1.4 bowersj2 4640: \layout Subsubsection
4641:
4642: Example Formula Response
4643: \layout Standard
4644:
4645: A very simple formula response problem:
4646: \layout Standard
4647:
4648: In the
4649: \series bold
4650: Script
4651: \series default
4652: , place the following:
4653: \layout LyX-Code
4654:
1.5 ! bowersj2 4655: $slope = random(-5,5,.5);
1.4 bowersj2 4656: \layout LyX-Code
4657:
1.5 ! bowersj2 4658: $yint = random(-5,5,.5);
! 4659: \layout Itemize
1.3 bowersj2 4660:
1.4 bowersj2 4661: In the
4662: \series bold
4663: Text Block
4664: \series default
4665: , place the following:
4666: \begin_inset Quotes eld
4667: \end_inset
1.3 bowersj2 4668:
1.4 bowersj2 4669: For a line with slope $slope and y-intercept $yint, what is y equal to?
4670: \begin_inset Quotes erd
1.3 bowersj2 4671: \end_inset
4672:
4673:
1.5 ! bowersj2 4674: \layout Itemize
1.4 bowersj2 4675:
4676: In the
4677: \series bold
4678: Answer
4679: \series default
4680: , place the following:
4681: \begin_inset Quotes eld
4682: \end_inset
1.3 bowersj2 4683:
1.5 ! bowersj2 4684: $slope*x + ($yint)
1.4 bowersj2 4685: \begin_inset Quotes erd
1.3 bowersj2 4686: \end_inset
4687:
4688:
1.5 ! bowersj2 4689: \layout Itemize
1.3 bowersj2 4690:
1.5 ! bowersj2 4691: Set the Tolerance to .000001.
! 4692: \layout Itemize
1.4 bowersj2 4693:
4694: Set the
4695: \series bold
4696: Answer
4697: \series default
4698: to
1.3 bowersj2 4699: \begin_inset Quotes eld
4700: \end_inset
4701:
1.4 bowersj2 4702: $slope * x + $yint
1.3 bowersj2 4703: \begin_inset Quotes erd
4704: \end_inset
4705:
1.4 bowersj2 4706: .
1.5 ! bowersj2 4707: \layout Itemize
1.4 bowersj2 4708:
4709: Set the
4710: \series bold
4711: Sample Points
4712: \series default
4713: to x@0,1,2,3 .
1.5 ! bowersj2 4714: \layout Comment
1.3 bowersj2 4715:
1.5 ! bowersj2 4716: TODO:
! 4717: \layout Comment
1.3 bowersj2 4718:
1.5 ! bowersj2 4719: * Get sampling problem figured out
! 4720: \layout Comment
1.2 bowersj2 4721:
1.5 ! bowersj2 4722: \SpecialChar ~
1.2 bowersj2 4723:
1.5 ! bowersj2 4724: \layout Comment
! 4725:
! 4726: \SpecialChar ~
1.2 bowersj2 4727:
1.5 ! bowersj2 4728: \newline
! 4729: \SpecialChar ~
1.2 bowersj2 4730:
1.5 ! bowersj2 4731: \layout Comment
1.2 bowersj2 4732:
1.5 ! bowersj2 4733: Appendix A: Student Interface
! 4734: \layout Comment
1.2 bowersj2 4735:
1.5 ! bowersj2 4736: \begin_float fig
! 4737: \layout Standard
! 4738: \align center
1.2 bowersj2 4739:
1.5 ! bowersj2 4740: \begin_inset Figure size 152 353
! 4741: file studentInterface.eps
! 4742: flags 9
1.4 bowersj2 4743:
1.5 ! bowersj2 4744: \end_inset
1.2 bowersj2 4745:
4746:
4747: \layout Caption
4748:
4749: Student Remote Control
4750: \begin_inset LatexCommand \label{Student Remote Control}
4751:
4752: \end_inset
4753:
4754:
4755: \end_float
4756: The Student Remote Control will automatically load whenever you log in to
4757: a LON-CAPA course as a student.
4758: The Student Remote Control contains most of the functions of the Author
4759: Remote Control and the following additional functions.
1.5 ! bowersj2 4760: \layout Comment
1.2 bowersj2 4761:
4762:
4763: \series bold
4764: NAV (NAVIGATE CONTENTS)
4765: \series default
4766: allows you to directly access resources from the course outline.
1.5 ! bowersj2 4767: \layout Comment
1.2 bowersj2 4768:
4769:
4770: \series bold
4771: ARROWS (LEFT and RIGHT)
4772: \series default
4773: allows you to move to the backward or forward through the course.
1.5 ! bowersj2 4774: \layout Comment
1.2 bowersj2 4775:
4776:
4777: \series bold
4778: GRDS (MY GRADES)
4779: \series default
4780: allows you to check your grades in the courses you are taking.
1.5 ! bowersj2 4781: \layout Comment
1.2 bowersj2 4782:
4783:
4784: \series bold
4785: SBKM (SET BOOKMARK)
4786: \series default
4787: allows you to bookmark pages for easy access.
1.5 ! bowersj2 4788: \layout Comment
1.2 bowersj2 4789:
4790:
4791: \series bold
4792: VBKM (VIEW BOOKMARK)
4793: \series default
4794: displays your bookmarks for easy access to bookmarked resources.
1.5 ! bowersj2 4795: \layout Comment
1.2 bowersj2 4796:
4797:
4798: \series bold
4799: ANOT (ANOTATE)
4800: \series default
4801: allows you to create personal notes.
1.5 ! bowersj2 4802: \layout Comment
1.2 bowersj2 4803:
4804:
4805: \series bold
4806: LOGOUT (LOGOUT)
1.1 bowersj2 4807: \series default
4808: will log you out of the LON-CAPA system.
1.2 bowersj2 4809: \layout Standard
4810:
4811:
4812: \begin_inset LatexCommand \printindex{}
4813:
4814: \end_inset
4815:
4816:
1.1 bowersj2 4817: \the_end
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