--- doc/tutorial/Attic/tutorial.lyx 2002/06/03 21:29:28 1.4 +++ doc/tutorial/Attic/tutorial.lyx 2002/06/14 20:28:52 1.7 @@ -27,7 +27,7 @@ \quotes_times 2 \papercolumns 1 \papersides 1 -\paperpagestyle fancy +\paperpagestyle headings \layout Title @@ -51,18 +51,7 @@ Author's Tutorial And Manual \layout Standard \align center -This manual was developed by John Williamson in the Office of Medical Education - Research and Development. - Some information in thie manual is adapted from the -\begin_inset Quotes eld -\end_inset - -LON-CAPA Workshop Demo -\begin_inset Quotes erd -\end_inset - - developed by Felicia Berryman in the Laboratory for Instructional Technology - in Education. +John Williamson, Felicia Berryman, Jeremy Bowers \layout Standard \SpecialChar ~ @@ -91,7 +80,7 @@ Michigan State University Introduction to LON-CAPA \layout Comment -This is a comment which will not show in any other rendering of this document. +This is a comment that will not show in any other rendering of this document. I will use them to document my observations as I work through this tutorial. \layout Comment @@ -110,15 +99,9 @@ IMHO \layout Standard LON-CAPA is a web-based interface that helps to organize and present your - course website, deliver and manage problem problems, and manage student - enrollment. - All author functions are done using a web browser (Netscape 4.x or higher - is recommended) and the LON-CAPA Author Interface. - The URL for LON-CAPA is -\family typewriter -http://s10.lite.msu.edu -\family default -. + course website, deliver and manage problems, and manage student enrollment. + All author functions are done through a web browser (Netscape 4.x or higher, + a recent Mozilla, or IE 5+ required). \layout Standard At this time, you should have: @@ -128,7 +111,8 @@ developed your objectives for your cours \layout Itemize -developed your problems for testing and identified the question formats. +developed your problems for input into LON-CAPA and determined the appropriate + question formats. \layout Subsection About This Manual @@ -147,7 +131,9 @@ typewriter font . \layout Standard -Chapters +Much of this document can be used as a tutorial that will introduce you + to the authoring system. + In particular, chapters \begin_inset LatexCommand \ref{Author Interface} \end_inset @@ -157,14 +143,15 @@ Chapters \end_inset - comprise a tutorial that will introduce you to the authoring system. - After that, this document is a reference manual for authoring course materials. + comprise a basic tutorial that can get you started using LON-CAPA, even + with no previous LON-CAPA experience. \layout Standard -For more information, see the website at http://help.loncapa.org/, where you - can get help and information. - If you cannot find an answer for your question, please email us and let - us know, so we put the solution to your problem online. +For additional help, visit our FAQ at +\family typewriter +http://help.loncapa.org/ +\family default +. \layout Section The LON-CAPA Author Interface @@ -184,11 +171,7 @@ Login as Course Author \layout Standard To begin using LON-CAPA, you first need to log in to your account on LON-CAPA. - Open your web browser and navigate to the LON-CAPA URL: -\family typewriter -http://s10.lite.msu.edu/ -\family default - . + Open your web browser and navigate to your local LON-CAPA URL. You will be presented with a log in screen as in figure \begin_inset LatexCommand \ref{LON-CAPA Log in screen} @@ -261,7 +244,7 @@ remote control complexity of modern remotes, for three major reasons: One, they never, ever, ever change. Two, they provide immense amounts of tactile feedback, allowing one to - overcome the complexity of using one by putting the knowlege into motor + overcome the complexity of using one by putting the knowledge into motor memory. (There are equivalent usability principles in usability, as well; look up Fitt's Law, for instance.) Three, they all basically do the same thing; @@ -292,9 +275,9 @@ menu remote control space. \layout Comment -In fact, the metaphor is so unsuccessful that any moderately savvy internet +In fact, the metaphor is so unsuccessful that any moderately savvy Internet user will almost immediately come to conceptualize the remote as just another - list of links, albiet a clumsy and inconvenient one. + list of links, albeit a clumsy and inconvenient one. Why not give them that in the first place? \layout Comment @@ -324,7 +307,7 @@ remote \layout Comment 3. - By commiting to this + By committing to this \begin_inset Quotes eld \end_inset @@ -333,7 +316,7 @@ remote control \end_inset layout, you commit to a remote control's layout limitations, except that - an actual remote control can get away with a 6pt or smaller font, or wierd + an actual remote control can get away with a 6pt or smaller font, or weird specialized symbols, or whatnot. I'm looking at a (real) remote control right now that manages to get \begin_inset Quotes eld @@ -352,7 +335,7 @@ ROLES \begin_inset Quotes erd \end_inset - button takes up on my printout! So in actuality, you're commiting to something + button takes up on my printout! So in actuality, you're committing to something no sane remote control designer could deal with. \layout Comment @@ -376,7 +359,7 @@ ROLES The upshot is that the only upside to the remote control is a moderately pleasing graphic; the downsides are pretty much everything, up to and including - possible illegality under accessability laws. + possible illegality under accessibility laws. Unfortunately, I do not see any way to salvage any aspect of the remote control; it's going to suck until it's replaced. Pleasing graphics are relatively easy to come by nowadays; it should not @@ -409,8 +392,8 @@ The Author Remote Control, show in figur , will automatically load whenever you log in to LON-CAPA as the course instructor. - The Author Remote Control is a separate window in your browser, so you - may position it on the screen where you can make the best use of it. + The Author Remote Control is a separate window in your browser, and is + automatically sized and placed in the upper left of the screen. The Remote Control is a tool that allows you to switch between functions and roles within LON-CAPA. @@ -418,7 +401,7 @@ The Author Remote Control, show in figur \layout Standard \align center -\begin_inset Figure size 177 420 +\begin_inset Figure size 180 420 file authorRemote.eps height 3 50 flags 9 @@ -484,22 +467,22 @@ RES (RESOURCE SPACE) \series bold -EGRD (ENTER GRADES) +SRC (SEARCH LIBRARY) \series default - is used to enter grades for students enrolled in your course. + brings up a screen that lets you search the LON-CAPA resources using multiple + criteria. \layout Itemize \series bold -SRC (SEARCH LIBRARY) +PREF (PREFERENCES) \series default - brings up a screen that lets you search the LON-CAPA resources using multiple - criteria. + brings up a screen that allows you to change some preferences. \layout Itemize \series bold -LOGOUT (LOGOUT) +EXIT (LOGOUT) \series default will log you out of the LON-CAPA system. \layout Section @@ -525,10 +508,15 @@ Content Page displays course content. It is essentially a conventional HTML page. - -\layout Comment + These resources use the extension +\begin_inset Quotes eld +\end_inset + +.html +\begin_inset Quotes erd +\end_inset -Check this; is it exactly like HTML pages? +. \layout Itemize A @@ -555,26 +543,26 @@ Problem A \series bold -Map +Sequence \series default -\begin_inset LatexCommand \index{Map} +\begin_inset LatexCommand \index{Sequence} \end_inset - resource of the + is a type of \series bold -Sequence -\begin_inset LatexCommand \index{Sequence} +Map +\series default -\end_inset +\begin_inset LatexCommand \index{Map} +\end_inset -\series default - type represents a programmed series of events. - The users of this resource can use buttons on their remote or the NAV button - to follow the sequence. - These resources are stored in files that must use the extension + which is used to link other resources together. + The users of this resource can use directional buttons on their remote + or the NAV button to follow the sequence. + Sequences are stored in files that must use the extension \begin_inset Quotes eld \end_inset @@ -583,39 +571,28 @@ Sequence \end_inset . -\layout Comment - -What -\begin_inset Quotes eld -\end_inset - -arrow keys -\begin_inset Quotes erd -\end_inset - -? Surely not the ones on the keyboard\SpecialChar \ldots{} - + Sequences can contain other sequences and pages. \layout Itemize A \series bold -Map +Page \series default -\begin_inset LatexCommand \index{Map} +\begin_inset LatexCommand \index{Page} \end_inset - resource of the + is a type of \series bold -Page -\series default - -\begin_inset LatexCommand \index{Page} +Map +\begin_inset LatexCommand \index{Map} \end_inset - type display multiple resources together. + +\series default + which is used to join other resources together into one HTML page. For example, a page of problems will appears as a problem set. These resources are stored in files that must use the extension \begin_inset Quotes eld @@ -651,21 +628,15 @@ Construction Space \end_inset -\end_float -The Construction Space, as seen in figure -\begin_inset LatexCommand \ref{Construction Space Figure} - -\end_inset +\layout Standard -, is the section of LON-CAPA where you create and manage your course resources. - The Construction Space consists of a green tool bar at the top of the page - and a list of all directories and resources below. +Contents of the Construction Space: \layout Standard \begin_inset Tabular - + @@ -857,6 +828,14 @@ Type a name in the entry box to create a \end_inset +\end_float +The Construction Space, as seen in figure +\begin_inset LatexCommand \ref{Construction Space Figure} + +\end_inset + +, is the section of LON-CAPA where you create and manage your course resources. + The figure explains what each button does. \layout Subsection How to Create New Content Pages @@ -872,10 +851,23 @@ How to Create New Content Pages Content Pages \series default are HTML documents that display the course information you are presenting. - To create new Content Pages, do the following: -\layout Comment + +\layout Standard + +Many users use tools such as Dreamweaver to create web pages. + To upload HTML files generated with such tools, you can use the +\series bold +Browse +\series default + button in the Construction Space, locate your HTML file, and use the +\series bold +Upload File +\series default + button to create a content page in LON-CAPA. + Remember to upload any graphics your generated web pages may have included. +\layout Standard -Is step one necessary? I don't see how it could be. +To create new Content Pages, do the following: \layout Enumerate Click the @@ -883,10 +875,11 @@ Click the CSTR \series default button on the LON-CAPA remote. - You web page will change to your Construction Space. + Your web page will change to your Construction Space. \layout Enumerate -In Location bar of your browser, type in full URL of the new Content Page. +In the Location bar of your browser, type in the full URL of the new Content + Page. Make sure the last part of the URL ends with \begin_inset Quotes eld \end_inset @@ -896,36 +889,22 @@ In Location bar of your browser, type in \end_inset , for example, +\newline + \emph on -http://www.s10.lite.msu.edu/priv/\SpecialChar \- -directory/new_resource.html +http://www.s10.lite.msu.edu/priv/username/new_resource.html \emph default -. - Press the Return or Enter key. -\layout Enumerate - -You should see something like the following message: -\series bold -File not found: /home/wmsonj/priv/\SpecialChar \- -directory/new_resource.html -\series default -, and an Edit button. - Click the -\begin_inset Quotes eld -\end_inset - -Edit -\begin_inset Quotes erd -\end_inset - - button, and an HTML editor will open with a simple page template. + . +\newline +Press the Return or Enter key. \layout Enumerate Type the content into the editor, \emph on OR \emph default - copy and paste HTML source code into the editor. + copy and paste HTML source code obtained through the use of some other + HTML authoring program into the editor. \layout Enumerate Optionally, click the @@ -956,12 +935,29 @@ Repeat this process as many times as nec If you're following this as a tutorial, create at least one content page, which we'll use later as raw material. +\begin_float footnote +\layout Standard + +Visit the FAQ at +\family typewriter +http://help.lon-capa.org/ +\family default + if you get +\begin_inset Quotes eld +\end_inset + +unmatched tag +\begin_inset Quotes erd +\end_inset + + warnings. +\end_float \layout Subsection How to Edit Existing Content Pages \layout Standard -You may edit any any Content Pages that have been created. +You may edit any Content Pages that have been created. \layout Standard To edit Content Pages: @@ -980,15 +976,12 @@ Click on the link for the name of the Co Content Page. \layout Enumerate -Press the Edit button. - Edit the HTML code, or copy and paste HTML source code into the editor. -\layout Enumerate - -Optionally, click the +Press the \series bold -View +Edit \series default - button to preview your Content Page. + button. + Edit the HTML code, or copy and paste HTML source code into the editor. \layout Enumerate Finally, click the @@ -1005,6 +998,13 @@ Save and then attempt to clean HTML \series default button. If you do not do this, your work will not be saved. +\layout Standard + +Once you've saved your page, you can click the +\series bold +View +\series default + button to preview your Content Page. \layout Subsection Creating Online Problems Using LON-CAPA @@ -1013,16 +1013,47 @@ Creating Online Problems Using LON-CAPA If you're following this as a tutorial, go ahead and make one of each of these problem types now. We'll be using them later as raw material to assemble maps and sequences. +\layout Standard + +While several problem types are listed here, in LON-CAPA, all problems are + actually the same. + All problems are written in XML, which can be obtained and edited with + the +\series bold +EditXML +\series default + button you'll see. + The problem types listed in this manual are actually just templates. + As your knowledge advances, you may wish to play with the XML representation + directly to see what you can do. \layout Subsubsection Problems Types \layout Standard -There are five types of problems that can be created with the LON-CAPA system: - Radio Response, Option Response, String Response, Numerical Response, and - Formula Response. +In this manual we will cover five basic types of problems: Radio Response, + Option Response, String Response, Numerical Response, and Formula Response. You will need to identify which types of problem you want to use and create appropriate questions for your course. +\layout Standard + +The problem editor gives you a testing area where you can try your problems + out, with several different randomizations by varying the +\series bold +Random Seed +\series default +. + If you answer a problem correctly and can no longer enter new answers, + you can get the answer field back by hitting the +\series bold +Reset Submissions +\begin_inset LatexCommand \index{Reset Submissions} + +\end_inset + + +\series default + button. \layout Subsubsection Foils @@ -1037,9 +1068,8 @@ Foil \series default - is a choice in a Radio Response or Option Response problem. - For instance, True/False problems have two foils, one for True, and one - for False. + is the statement after the drop-down box or radio button in a Radio Response + or Option Response problem. Foils do not need to be text; they can be images or other resources. \layout Subsubsection @@ -1055,18 +1085,12 @@ Radio Response \series bold Radio Response \series default - problems represent multiple choice questions. - A True/False problem is a special case of Radio Response problem with two - foils, True or False. -\layout Standard - -Multiple choice problems contain between 3 and 10 foils. - You may display from three to five foils for each problem and the system - randomly picks the choices that are presented to the student. -\layout Comment - -Eh? If this means what I think it means, clarify. - Is the system really incapable of showing eight choices all at once? + problems present a list of foils, with buttons in front. + The student can select +\emph on +one +\emph default + of these statements by clicking the appropriate radio button. \layout Subsubsection Option Response @@ -1077,17 +1101,21 @@ Option Response Problems \layout Standard -Option Response problems present foils to the student with drop-down boxes. - A group of foils is created for each concept group, and the system will - pick one to present to the student from each group. - The student must match each of his or her questions correctly to the possible - answers before receiving credit for the problem. - For more details, see the Create Option Response ( + +\series bold +Option Response +\series default + problems present foils to the student with drop-down boxes. + The student can select the matching choice for the foils from a list of + choices. + Optionally, the foils may be bundled into Concept Groups, and the system + will select one foil from each displayed group to display to the student. + For more details, see Create Option Response in section \begin_inset LatexCommand \ref{Create Option Response Problem} \end_inset -). +. \layout Subsubsection String Response Problems @@ -1142,7 +1170,7 @@ Samuel Clements \begin_inset Quotes erd \end_inset -, then the student will definately get it wrong. +, then the student will definitely get it wrong. There is some room for flexibility in the string processing, but it can be difficult to get it all right. Before you use a String Response problem, be sure you can easily characterize @@ -1163,14 +1191,17 @@ Numerical Response \series default problems are answered by entering a number and (optionally) a unit, such as 2.5 m/s^2. - Tolerance and significant digits can be specified as well. + Tolerance and required significant digits can be specified as well. \layout Subsubsection Formula Response Problems \layout Standard -Formula Response problems are questions in which the student types in a - math formula for the answer. + +\series bold +Formula Response +\series default + problems ask the student to type in a math formula for the answer. If the answer is \begin_inset Formula \( x^{2}-11 \) \end_inset @@ -1187,7 +1218,7 @@ Creating Radio Response Problems \layout Standard \align center -\begin_inset Figure size 476 201 +\begin_inset Figure size 476 202 file creatingNewProblemResource.eps width 3 80 flags 13 @@ -1204,7 +1235,7 @@ Creating A New Problem Resource \end_float -To create an Radio Response +To create a Radio Response \begin_inset LatexCommand \index{Radio Response} \end_inset @@ -1259,10 +1290,10 @@ Radio Response Creation Form \end_float - You will need to create the posible answers and the questions. + You will need to specify the question text and foil statements. \layout Enumerate -In the drop-down option box as seen in +In the drop-down option box as seen in figure \begin_inset LatexCommand \ref{Creating a new problem resource} \end_inset @@ -1283,6 +1314,12 @@ Click the Edit \series default button above the sample problem to enter edit mode. + You should see an editing screen like figure +\begin_inset LatexCommand \ref{Radio Response Creation Form} + +\end_inset + +. \layout Enumerate In the @@ -1311,18 +1348,7 @@ Response: One of N statements \series bold Max Number of Shown Foils \series default - text box, place the number of wrong answers you wish to supply to each - student, in addition to the correct one. - For instance, if you want to display four choices, where one is correct - and three are incorrect, enter -\begin_inset Quotes eld -\end_inset - -3 -\begin_inset Quotes erd -\end_inset - - into this box. + text box, place the number of foils you wish to display to the student. \layout Enumerate Locate @@ -1347,7 +1373,15 @@ Four. \begin_inset Quotes erd \end_inset - + Make sure this is set to +\series bold +true +\series default + in the +\series bold +Correct Option +\series default + field. \layout Enumerate Below it, you will see @@ -1368,7 +1402,15 @@ Purple. \begin_inset Quotes erd \end_inset - + Make sure this is set to +\series bold +false +\series default + in the +\series bold +Correct Option +\series default + field. \layout Enumerate Repeat the previous step until you've filled in all of the other incorrect @@ -1414,6 +1456,15 @@ Scroll down to the Hint element, as show . Type some text that will help students when they answer incorrectly. + You may delete the hint by selecting +\series bold +Yes +\series default + from the +\series bold +Delete +\series default + drop-down box. \layout Enumerate Click the @@ -1439,7 +1490,7 @@ true \series bold true \series default -, so you can have questions with multiple correct answers. +, but only one will be shown to any given student. If it is set to \series bold false @@ -1469,9 +1520,9 @@ Maximum Number of Shown Foils box contains the number of incorrect answers, which will force them to all be displayed. If you wish to force the system to display the foils in the order you have - created them in, type the HTML tag + created them in, type the tag \series bold - + \series default into your problem text. This can be useful with the ever-popular @@ -1484,56 +1535,6 @@ All of the above choice, which must be displayed in the correct place or its meaning will change. -\layout Subsubsection - -True/False -\begin_inset LatexCommand \index{True/False Problem} - -\end_inset - - Problem -\layout Standard - -A True/False problem is a Radio Response problem with two choices, True - and False. - set the -\series bold -Maximum Number of Shown Foils -\series default - to -\begin_inset Quotes eld -\end_inset - -1 -\begin_inset Quotes erd -\end_inset - -, and mark the correct answer -\series bold -true -\series default -. - For example, for the True/False question -\begin_inset Quotes eld -\end_inset - -Napolean conquered Japan in the year 189 A.D. -\begin_inset Quotes erd -\end_inset - -, mark the foil containing the answer -\begin_inset Quotes eld -\end_inset - -False -\begin_inset Quotes erd -\end_inset - - as -\series bold -true -\series default -, because it is the correct answer. \layout Subsection Option Response @@ -1547,13 +1548,16 @@ Option Response \end_inset Problems +\layout Subsubsection + +Option Response problems with Concept Groups \layout Standard \begin_float fig \layout Standard \align center -\begin_inset Figure size 476 280 +\begin_inset Figure size 476 134 file optionResponseProblem.eps width 3 80 flags 9 @@ -1570,7 +1574,7 @@ Option Response Problem \end_float -Each Option Response problem has three parts: +Each Option Response problem can have three parts: \layout Enumerate The Concept Groups @@ -1609,12 +1613,12 @@ Concept Group \series default has some number of foils representing questions which are conceptually related. - Option Response Problems can have between 4 and 8 Concept Groups in a problem. + Option Response Problem Templates are available for 4 and 8 Concept Groups. When the Option Response problem is presented to a student, the LON-CAPA system will randomly select one foil from each Concept Group and present it to the student. - In order to receive credit for the problem, the student must answer all - of the Concept Group foils correctly. + In order to receive credit for the problem, the student must select the + corresponding option from the drop-down box for each given foil. \layout Subsubsection Example: Concept Group @@ -1669,10 +1673,13 @@ For each foil, the author marks it True Example: Matching Problem \layout Standard -You might want to ask the student to match musical compositions with their - composers. +Option Response problems can be used as matching problems as well. +\layout Standard + +For example, you might want to ask the student to match musical compositions + with their composers. You could create an Option Response problem with 4 Concept Groups, and - place the following four things each in their own concept group: + place the following four foil groups each in its own concept group: \layout Itemize Claire de Lune @@ -1680,7 +1687,7 @@ Claire de Lune \end_inset - +, Ballade \begin_float footnote \layout Standard @@ -1688,15 +1695,15 @@ Debussy. \end_float \layout Itemize -The Pastoral Symphony +The Pastoral Symphony, The Ninth Symphony \begin_float footnote \layout Standard -Beethoven's Sixth Symphony. +Beethoven. \end_float \layout Itemize -Sleeping Beauty Suite +Sleeping Beauty Suite, The Dance of the Sugar Plum Fairies \begin_float footnote \layout Standard @@ -1704,11 +1711,11 @@ Tchaikovsky. \end_float \layout Itemize -The Dance of the Sugar Plum Fairies +Slavonic Dances, New World Symphony \begin_float footnote \layout Standard -Also Tchaikovsky, from The Nutcracker. +Dvorak. \end_float \layout Standard @@ -1727,7 +1734,7 @@ Schubert Tchaikovsky \layout Itemize -Bach +Dvorak \layout Standard The same answers can be used more then once, or not at all, as you see fit. @@ -1773,7 +1780,7 @@ problem . \layout Enumerate -In the drop-down option box as seen in +In the drop-down option box as seen in figure \begin_inset LatexCommand \ref{Creating a new problem resource} \end_inset @@ -1847,8 +1854,8 @@ Locate the Max Number of Shown Foils \series default element and type a number from 1 to 8 to display that number of questions. - You cannot display more then one foil from each concept group, so this - option will only reduce the number of foils displayed, if it is less then + You cannot display more than one foil from each concept group, so this + option will only reduce the number of foils displayed, if it is less than the number of concept groups in your Option Response problem. \layout Enumerate @@ -1872,15 +1879,7 @@ Save Changes Save Changes \series default button, your option will not be selectable below. -\layout Enumerate - -To delete the irrelevant options from the Option Response question, select - that option from the -\series bold -Delete Option -\series default - dropdown, and hit the Save Changes button. - Do that for each option you wish to remove. + (You will delete unwanted options in the last step.) \layout Enumerate Now, you need to define the question foils. @@ -1931,12 +1930,66 @@ In the Hint area, provide a helpful hint Save Changes \series default button. +\layout Enumerate + +Make sure all the options you want to delete are not used for any of your + foils +\begin_float footnote +\layout Standard + +If a deleted option is used in a foil, it will appear in a text box in the + +\series bold +Correct Option +\series default + area for that foil. + To make the drop-down box reappear, type an option already defined in the + +\series bold +Select Options +\series default + field, and hit +\series bold +Submit Changes +\series default +. + A drop-down box will reappear. +\end_float +. + To delete the irrelevant options from the Option Response question, select + that option from the +\series bold +Delete an Option +\series default + drop down, and hit the +\series bold +Save Changes +\series default + button. + Do that for each option you wish to remove. +\layout Subsubsection + +Simple Option Response: No Concept Groups +\layout Standard + +If you select +\series bold +Simple Option Response +\series default + from the drop-down box, you get a template that will allow you to enter + up to eight foils with no grouping. + The system will randomly mix these foils when presenting them to the student. + You can have more foils then the +\series bold +Max Num of Shown Foils +\series default + so that each student will not have the identical foils. \layout Subsection Creating a String Response Problem \layout Standard -To create an String Response problem, create a new resource as described +To create a String Response problem, create a new resource as described in section \begin_inset LatexCommand \ref{Creating New Content Pages} @@ -1968,14 +2021,14 @@ problem . \layout Enumerate -In the drop-down option box as seen in +In the drop-down option box as seen in figure \begin_inset LatexCommand \ref{Creating a new problem resource} \end_inset -, select +, select \series bold -Simple String Response Problem + String Response Problem \series default , and click the \series bold @@ -2019,8 +2072,11 @@ String Response Editor . \layout Enumerate -Clear the text from the Text Block at the top of the problem, and type in - your problem's question. +Clear the text from the +\series bold +Text Block +\series default + at the top of the problem, and type in your problem. \layout Enumerate In the @@ -2030,7 +2086,7 @@ Answer Box , type the correct answer. \layout Enumerate -Select the answer condition from the drop down box. +Select the answer condition from the drop-down. There are three cases to choose from: \begin_deeper \layout Enumerate @@ -2048,7 +2104,7 @@ Case Sensitive \end_inset . - For example, this is useful in Chemistry, where HO and Ho are completely + For example, this is useful in chemistry, where HO and Ho are completely different answers \begin_float footnote \end_deeper @@ -2078,7 +2134,7 @@ ci \begin_inset Quotes eld \end_inset -Case Insenstive +Case Insensitive \begin_inset Quotes erd \end_inset @@ -2142,7 +2198,7 @@ Multiple Choice . The student's answers must contain the same letters as the question author's, - but order is unimportent. + but order is unimportant. This is usually used to give a multiple choice question in the question's \series bold @@ -2200,8 +2256,8 @@ abcg . \layout Standard -It is conventional to tell the students whether the question is case sensitive - or not. +It is conventional to inform the students if the problem is case sensitive, + or that the order of the answers doesn't matter. \end_deeper \layout Enumerate @@ -2212,30 +2268,29 @@ Single Line Text Entry Area block and set a length in the Size box. This will only affect the size of the box on the screen; if you set the box size to 2, the student can still enter 3 or more letters in their answer. -\begin_deeper -\layout Comment - -This seems like a great feature to either eliminate, or make useful. - Allowing the teacher to limit it to 3, and then not letting the student - type more then 3 chars might be a way of giving the student a hint. - Probably not worth it, as the problem text can always just say -\begin_inset Quotes eld -\end_inset - -Pick two of the following -\begin_inset Quotes erd -\end_inset - -. - This is probably not a useful feature. -\end_deeper \layout Enumerate -Scroll down to the Hint element, and type some text that will help students - when they answer incorrectly. +Scroll down to the +\series bold +Hint +\series default + element, and type some text that will help students when they answer incorrectl +y, or delete the hint by setting the +\series bold +Delete +\series default + field to +\series bold +Yes +\series default +. \layout Enumerate -Click the Submit Changes button. +Click the +\series bold +Submit Changes +\series default + button. \layout Subsection Creating Numerical Response And Formula Response Problems @@ -2259,21 +2314,21 @@ Numerical Response problems are answered \begin_inset Formula \( x^{2}+11 \) \end_inset -, the system will accept -\begin_inset Formula \( x*x-11 \) +, the system will also accept +\begin_inset Formula \( x*x+11 \) \end_inset or \begin_inset Formula \( x^{2}+21-10 \) \end_inset - as well. +. \layout Standard Creating Numerical Response and Formula Response problems starts the same as the other problem types, but because of the power of Numerical Response - and Formula Response problems, it is too difficult to cover them in this - tutorial. + and Formula Response problems, they are covered in their own section after + the end of the tutorial. For more information about these problem types, please see section \begin_inset LatexCommand \ref{Numerical Response} @@ -2290,13 +2345,12 @@ Creating Numerical Response and Formula Publishing Your Resources \layout Standard -In order to make the content you've created available for courses to use, +In order to make the content you've created available for use in courses, you must publish your content. LON-CAPA provides an easy interface for publishing your content pages, problem resources, and sequences. - A common interface allows you to specify title, author information, keywords, - and other metadata. - LON-CAPA uses this metadata for many things, and it's importent to fill + You can specify title, author information, keywords, and other metadata. + LON-CAPA uses this metadata for many things, and it's important to fill the metadata out as accurately as possible. \layout Subsection @@ -2329,16 +2383,17 @@ data about data For instance, if you create a problem and neglect to say in the title or subject of the problem what it is about, then a human who wants to use that problem would have to read the problem itself to see what it was about, - which is much more difficult then just reading a title. + which is much more difficult than just reading a title. A computer trying to do the same thing would just be out of luck; it is too stupid to understand the problem statement at all. \layout Standard -One example of metadata you use all the time is the of a webpage, - which usually shows up in the title bar of the browser. - That's information about the webpage itself, not actually part of the web - page. - People use it when they bookmark a page, so they know what the page is. +One example of metadata is the <title> of a web page, which usually shows + up in the title bar of the browser. + That's information about the web page itself, not actually part of the + web page. + People use the title information when they bookmark a page, so they know + what the page is. Search engines use it as a clue about the content of the web page. \layout Subsection @@ -2427,12 +2482,16 @@ Publishing Metadata Screen \layout Standard -The language is the language the problem is written in. - The Publisher/Owner is the person who owns the problem; it should be the - email address where anybody with questions about the resource can contact - someone who can help them. - In smaller environments, this is likely to be the author. - In larger environments, it may be a coordinator or manager. +The +\series bold +Language +\series default + is the language the problem is written in. + The +\series bold +Publisher/Owner +\series default + is the LON-CAPA user who owns the problem. \layout Standard The @@ -2458,8 +2517,8 @@ pulley \end_inset as a key word. - LON-CAPA pulls out likely-looking keywords for you so you can just click - on them to make them keywords. + LON-CAPA pulls out words used in the text of the resource for you so you + can just click on their check boxes to make them keywords. \series bold Additional keywords @@ -2477,11 +2536,22 @@ statics , even though it doesn't appear in the original problem, because Physics uses that as a classification of problem type. +\series bold +Additional Keywords +\series default + are also useful when publishing graphics. \layout Standard -Finally, you need to set the copyright and distribution notice. - This setting controls who is allowed to use your resource. +Finally, you need to set the copyright and distribution permissions in the +\series bold +COPYRIGHT/DISTRIBUTION +\series default + drop-down. + This setting controls who is allowed to use your resource as follows: +\layout Comment + +Is this right? \layout Itemize @@ -2547,20 +2617,33 @@ In order to create a useful course, we n so that students can use them. \layout Subsection -Binding Together Resources In One Map: Page -\begin_inset LatexCommand \index{Page} +Creating Sequences +\begin_inset LatexCommand \index{Sequence} \end_inset \layout Standard +A +\series bold +Sequence +\series default + is a series of resources that can be navigated using the +\series bold +NAV +\series default + remote control button, or by using the arrow keys on the remote control. + +\layout Standard + \begin_float fig \layout Standard \align center -\begin_inset Figure size 429 66 -file mapEditingButton.eps +\begin_inset Figure size 238 83 +file mapEditorSelection.eps +width 3 40 flags 9 \end_inset @@ -2568,23 +2651,14 @@ flags 9 \layout Caption -Map Editing Button -\begin_inset LatexCommand \label{Map Editing Button Figure} +Map Editor Selection +\begin_inset LatexCommand \label{Map Editor Selection Figure} \end_inset \end_float -To join several resources into one page, you need to create a -\series bold -Map -\series default - of type -\series bold -Page -\series default -. - To create Page resource, create a new resource as described in section +To create a Sequence resource, create a new resource as described in section \begin_inset LatexCommand \ref{Creating New Content Pages} @@ -2595,7 +2669,7 @@ Page \begin_inset Quotes eld \end_inset -page +sequence \begin_inset Quotes erd \end_inset @@ -2603,7 +2677,7 @@ page \begin_inset Quotes eld \end_inset -.page +.sequence \begin_inset Quotes erd \end_inset @@ -2612,117 +2686,153 @@ page \begin_inset Quotes eld \end_inset -.page +.sequence \begin_inset Quotes erd \end_inset , you should see a screen as in figure -\begin_inset LatexCommand \ref{Map Editing Button Figure} +\begin_inset LatexCommand \ref{Map Editor Selection Figure} \end_inset . - Click the button to get to the sequence editor. - + You can use either the advanced editor or the simplified editor. +\layout Subsection + +Creating a Simple .sequence With The Simple Editor +\layout Standard + \begin_float fig \layout Standard \align center -\begin_inset Figure size 476 226 -file mapEditInitial.eps +\begin_inset Figure size 476 250 +file mapSimpleEditor.eps width 3 80 -flags 11 +flags 9 \end_inset \layout Caption -Initial Map Editor -\begin_inset LatexCommand \label{Initial Map Editor FIgure} +Simple Map Editor +\begin_inset LatexCommand \label{Simple Map Editor} \end_inset \end_float -After the system notices the map does not yet exist and creates it for you. - You should the initial map editor as seen in figure -\begin_inset LatexCommand \ref{Initial Map Editor FIgure} +After creating a new .sequence resource and getting the editor selection + prompt (figure +\begin_inset LatexCommand \ref{Map Editor Selection Figure} \end_inset -. - Note there are two windows. - One is the workspace, and one is the window which will contain information - as you add resources. -\layout Comment +), click the +\series bold +Simple Edit +\series default + button to get to the simple map editor, which appears in figure +\begin_inset LatexCommand \ref{Simple Map Editor} -The following is a commented-out section of the manual, likely to not be - useful. -\layout Comment +\end_inset -About The Editor -\layout Comment +. + +\layout Standard -\begin_float fig -\layout Caption +The Simple Editor can create .sequences and .pages which are linear, which + means they have no branches or conditions. +\layout Standard -Example of the Map Editor -\begin_inset LatexCommand \label{Map Editor Example Figure} +On the right side of the simple editor is the +\series bold +Target +\series default +, which represents the map you are currently building. + On the left side is the +\series bold +Import +\series default + area, which represents a work area you can use for your convenience to + load and manipulate resource you may wish to include in your map. + Using the three buttons in the middle of the screen, from top to bottom + you can cut things out of the Target, copy from the Target to the Import, + and copy from the Import to the Target, respectively. +\layout Standard -\end_inset +On both sides of the screen, you can do a Group Search and a Group Import. + A Group Search allows you to run a search, then import selected results + from that search into either directly into your Map, or into your Import + space. + Checkboxes will appear next to the results in the Group Search, and you + can click the resource you wish to add to your map in the order that you + want them added. + After you select the resource, you will be presented with a screen that + allows you to change the order of the selected resources, then you will + be able to import the selected resources and work with them. +\layout Standard +A Group Import works in a similar fashion, but allows you to use the LON-CAPA + network browser to select your resources. +\layout Standard -\end_float -Maps are very powerful and can do a lot. - They can make decisions as the user progresses, going down different paths - under different circumstances. - For instance, a map can go down one path if the user gets a problem right, - and another path if they don't which will provide more help for the student. +On the Import side, you can also browse for another Map, and load the resources + used in that map into your Import workspace. + You can also discard the selected resources, clear all the resources, and + view the selected resource from the buttons on the Import side of the screen. -\layout Comment +\layout Standard + +Both list boxes support standard multi-select mechanisms as used in your + OS. +\layout Subsection + +Creating a Simple .sequence With The Advanced Editor +\layout Standard -To facilitate editing these powerful entities, LON-CAPA has a map editor - that helps you take advantage of this power, as seen in figure -\begin_inset LatexCommand \ref{Map Editor Example Figure} +After creating a new .sequence resource and getting the editor selection + prompt (figure +\begin_inset LatexCommand \ref{Map Editor Selection Figure} \end_inset -. - The map editor can display the different paths in your browser, and allow - you to edit, insert, and delete resources from your map. - The editor has a -\series bold -Start -\series default - area and a +), click the \series bold -Finish +Advanced Edit \series default - area. - The students in the course will progress along on path or another, depending - on decisions made at each resource, as explained later. - Different paths are represented with different lines in the map editor. - In the example figure, there are two paths the student can go down, depending - on whether or not they get the problem at the branch point correct. - By the end of this section, we'll create the map represented in this figure. -\layout Comment + button to get to the advanced map editor. + +\begin_float fig +\layout Standard +\align center -The branching ability can obviously be used to help the student understand - the concept in the problem by having them go through some extra material - based on their performance, but the total uses of this feature are limited - only by your imagination. -\layout Subsection +\begin_inset Figure size 476 205 +file mapAdvancedEditorNew.eps +width 3 80 +flags 11 -Creating a Simple Map: Page -\begin_inset LatexCommand \index{Page} +\end_inset + + +\layout Caption + +Initial Map Editor +\begin_inset LatexCommand \label{Initial Map Editor FIgure} \end_inset -\layout Standard +\end_float +You should see the initial map editor as shown in figure +\begin_inset LatexCommand \ref{Initial Map Editor FIgure} -To create a simple page that joins several resources into one page: +\end_inset + +. + Note there are two windows: One is the workspace, and one is a secondary + window which will contain information as you add resources. \layout Enumerate \begin_float fig @@ -2739,14 +2849,22 @@ flags 9 \layout Caption -Clicked Start in the Map Constructor +After clicking +\series bold +Start +\series default + in the Map Constructor \begin_inset LatexCommand \label{Clicked Start Figure} \end_inset \end_float -Click the Start box. +Click the +\series bold +Start +\series default + box. You'll see what you see in figure \begin_inset LatexCommand \ref{Clicked Start Figure} @@ -2754,20 +2872,21 @@ Click the Start box. . Click -\begin_inset Quotes eld -\end_inset - +\series bold Link Resource -\begin_inset Quotes erd -\end_inset - - in the secondary window, then click on the Finish box. +\series default + in the secondary window, then click on the +\series bold +Finish +\series default + box. \begin_float fig \layout Standard \align center -\begin_inset Figure size 120 360 +\begin_inset Figure size 70 210 file mapStraightened.eps +height 3 25 flags 9 \end_inset @@ -2783,13 +2902,9 @@ Straightened Map \end_float After that, click -\begin_inset Quotes eld -\end_inset - -straighten -\begin_inset Quotes erd -\end_inset - +\series bold +Straighten +\series default . You should see something like figure \begin_inset LatexCommand \ref{Striaghtened map} @@ -2804,8 +2919,9 @@ straighten \layout Standard \align center -\begin_inset Figure size 264 245 +\begin_inset Figure size 271 252 file mapInsertResource.eps +height 3 30 flags 9 \end_inset @@ -2820,7 +2936,21 @@ Inserting a Resource \end_float -To insert a resource into the flow, click the black line with two arrows. +To insert a resource into the flow, click the black line with two arrows, + seen between the +\series bold +Start +\series default + and +\series bold +Finish +\series default + boxes in figure +\begin_inset LatexCommand \ref{Striaghtened map} + +\end_inset + +. In the secondary window, you'll see something like figure \begin_inset LatexCommand \ref{Inserting a Resource Figure} @@ -2832,8 +2962,12 @@ To insert a resource into the flow, clic Insert Resource Into Link \series default . - A new resource will appear in the link. - Click the resource. + A new resource box will appear in the link. + Click the resource, which will have the label +\series bold +Res +\series default +. \layout Enumerate Click @@ -2849,9 +2983,9 @@ Network Directory Browser \layout Standard \align center -\begin_inset Figure size 476 216 +\begin_inset Figure size 357 162 file mapEditorDirectoryBrowser.eps -width 3 80 +width 3 60 flags 9 \end_inset @@ -2872,13 +3006,19 @@ Network Directory Browser \end_inset . - Press the select button that is next to the resource you want to include. + Press the +\series bold +SELECT +\series default + button that is next to the resource you want to place in the chosen resource + box. \begin_float fig \layout Standard \align center -\begin_inset Figure size 61 360 +\begin_inset Figure size 42 252 file mapEditorResourceChosen.eps +height 3 30 flags 9 \end_inset @@ -2913,13 +3053,13 @@ URL Title \series default into the secondary window, if you prefer, following the format you see - above. + when you've successfully browsed to a resource. After you click \series bold Save Changes \series default -, your changes will be saved, and the icons for the resource will appear - in the +, your changes will be set, and the icons for the resource will appear in + the \series bold Res \series default @@ -2929,6 +3069,11 @@ Res \end_inset . + Click +\series bold +Save Map +\series default + in the bar above your map to save the map. \begin_deeper \layout Standard @@ -2949,23 +3094,34 @@ When you are done adding resources, clic Save Map \series default link to save the map. +\layout Standard + +In addition to manually adding in resources, the Advanced Editor also has + the ability to import resource in the same way that the Simple Editor can: + From a LON-CAPA network browser window, from a Group Search, or from another + Map. +\layout Standard + +The advanced editor has many more capabilities which you can explore. \layout Subsection -Creating Sequences -\begin_inset LatexCommand \index{Sequence} +Page Maps +\layout Standard +Creating a .page map is the same as creating a sequence map, except that + when choosing the name of the resource, the URL will end with +\begin_inset Quotes eld \end_inset +.page +\begin_inset Quotes erd +\end_inset +. + Then all resources you add in the map editor will appear on one page together. \layout Standard -Sequences are a series of resources that can be navigated using the -\series bold -NAV -\series default - remote control button, or by using the arrow keys on the remote control. - Sequence maps are created identically to page maps, the only difference - is how they are displayed. +Pages are often used to connect problems in a homework set. \layout Subsection Creating a Course: Top-level Sequence @@ -2980,8 +3136,9 @@ course \layout Standard \align center -\begin_inset Figure size 422 410 +\begin_inset Figure size 238 231 file creatingANewCourse.eps +width 3 40 flags 9 \end_inset @@ -2998,10 +3155,10 @@ Creating a New Course \end_float Courses have a Top-level Map which defines the whole course. This top-level map will often itself contain maps corresponding to homework - assignments or weekly sequences. + assignments, chapters, or units. To view your maps, you will need to make them part of a course. - Only Domain Administrators can make courses and set their Top-level maps, - so coordinate with your Domain Adminstrator if you need to create courses. + Only Domain Coordinators can make courses and set their Top-level maps, + so work with your Domain Coordinator if you need to view your maps. \layout Section Numerical Response @@ -3020,34 +3177,12 @@ Numerical Response Numerical Response problems are very powerful. In fact, they are so powerful it would be impossible to fully explain what is possible in a document like this. - This chapter will focus on just getting you started with Numerical Response + This chapter will focus on getting you started with Numerical Response problems, and showing you some of the possibilities, with no prerequisite - knowlege necessary. + knowledge necessary. The more you learn, the more you will find you can do. \layout Standard -In this chapter and the next, I will use the terms -\series bold -static -\series default - and -\series bold -dynamic -\series default -. - -\series bold -Static -\series default - means the object never changes, and is the same for each student. - By contrast, -\series bold -dynamic -\series default - means the value can change, because there is some script that computes - it for each student. -\layout Standard - If you like, you can follow this chapter along as its own tutorial. Create a Numerical Response problem using the instructions in section \begin_inset LatexCommand \ref{Creating New Content Pages} @@ -3113,15 +3248,14 @@ Script The Script language is \series bold Perl -\begin_float footnote -\layout Standard - -For lots and lots more information about Perl, see the Perl website at http://ww -w.perl.org/ . -\end_float +\series default . - You do not need to know Perl to use the Script block, as we will be stepping - through some advanced examples in this chapter, but knowing Perl can help. + You do not need to know Perl to use the +\series bold +Script +\series default +block, as we will be stepping through some advanced examples in this chapter, + but knowing Perl can help. \layout Enumerate Like other problem types, the @@ -3129,7 +3263,7 @@ Like other problem types, the Text Block \series default is used to display the problem the student will see. - In addition, you can place things in the + In addition, you can place variables in the \series bold Text Block \series default @@ -3161,7 +3295,7 @@ tolerance \series default - parameter, which determines how closely the system will require the student + parameter, which determines how closely the system will require the student's answer to be in order to count it correct. For technical reasons, it is almost never a good idea to set this parameter to zero @@ -3206,7 +3340,7 @@ need \end_float , though you may find the default too large for some problems. There are two kinds of tolerance. - If there is some answer + For some answer \begin_inset Formula \( a \) \end_inset @@ -3318,7 +3452,7 @@ t is interpreted as a percentage. Any number in the tolerance field \emph on -with +followed by \emph default a \series bold @@ -3393,11 +3527,31 @@ min,max \end_inset are the same. -\begin_deeper -\layout Comment + A significant figure specification of +\begin_inset Quotes eld +\end_inset -Confirm this. -\end_deeper +3,4 +\begin_inset Quotes erd +\end_inset + + means both +\begin_inset Quotes eld +\end_inset + +1.30 +\begin_inset Quotes erd +\end_inset + + and +\begin_inset Quotes eld +\end_inset + +1.300 +\begin_inset Quotes erd +\end_inset + + are acceptable. \layout Enumerate The @@ -3412,8 +3566,7 @@ Finally, the \series bold Hint \series default - provides a place to help students who get the problem incorrect the first - time. + should contain text which will help the students when they answer incorrectly. \layout Subsection Simple Numerical Response Answer @@ -3455,8 +3608,7 @@ Answer \series bold Hint \series default - has been set to something appropriate for this problem (unless this problem - is being given to very young children). + has been set to something appropriate for this problem. Everything else has the default values from when the problem was created. \layout Standard @@ -3472,7 +3624,12 @@ View yourself. Note the last box in the HTML page has the answer LON-CAPA is looking for conveniently displayed for you, along with the range the computer will - accept and the number of significant digits the computer requires. + accept and the number of significant digits the computer requires when + viewed by an +\series bold +Author +\series default +. \layout Standard As you're playing with the problem, if you use up all your tries or get @@ -3509,7 +3666,7 @@ A script consists of several \series bold statements \series default -, seperated by +, separated by \series bold semi-colons \series default @@ -3523,7 +3680,7 @@ statement \series default - is the smallest kind of instruction to the computer you can give. + is the smallest kind of instruction to the computer. Most problems will be built from several statements. \layout Standard @@ -3547,7 +3704,8 @@ comments very \emph default good idea to adopt some sort of commenting standard, especially if you - are working in a group or others may use your problems in the future. + are working in a group or you believe other people may use your problems + in the future. \layout Itemize One of the simplest statements in LON-CAPA is a @@ -3560,7 +3718,7 @@ variable assignment variable \series default can hold any value in it. - Simple values, such as a number or a string of text, start with a + The variable name must start with a \series bold $ \series default @@ -3570,32 +3728,18 @@ $ Script \series default , you need to assign to variables before you use them. - Put the program in Figure -\begin_float fig -\layout LyX-Code -\align center -$variable = 3; -\layout Caption -\pextra_type 3 \pextra_widthp 40 - -A simple script with a variable -\begin_inset LatexCommand \label{A simple script with a variable} - -\end_inset - - -\end_float - -\begin_inset LatexCommand \ref{A simple script with a variable} - -\end_inset - - into the + Put this program into the \series bold Script \series default - field of the Numerical Response. - This creates a simple variable named + field of the Numerical Response: +\begin_deeper +\layout LyX-Code + +$variable = 3; +\layout Standard + +This creates a variable named \series bold variable \series default @@ -3609,6 +3753,7 @@ variable . That's one statement. +\end_deeper \layout Standard Variable names are @@ -3621,14 +3766,8 @@ case sensitive \layout Standard -Getting variable names right is a skill. - Variable names should not be too long, because they become easy to mistype. - Variable names should also not be too short, with the exception of some - conventionally short variable names we'll talk about later. -\layout Standard - There are many variable naming conventions, covering both how to name and - how to capatalize variables + how to capitalize variables \begin_float footnote \layout Standard @@ -3639,7 +3778,7 @@ capsOnNewWords . Some people use \family typewriter -underscore_to_seperate_words +underscore_to_separate_words \family default . Many use uppercase letters to specify constants like @@ -3656,7 +3795,7 @@ GOLDEN_MEAN StartWithCapatalization \family default . - What's really importent is to be consistent, so you don't have to guess + What's really important is to be consistent, so you don't have to guess whether the variable you're thinking of is \family typewriter coefFriction @@ -3705,11 +3844,11 @@ $variable $variable2 = $variable + 2; \layout Standard -Now there's a variable called +Now there is a variable called \family typewriter $variable2 \family default - with the value + with the the number \begin_inset Quotes eld \end_inset @@ -3717,7 +3856,7 @@ $variable2 \begin_inset Quotes erd \end_inset -. + as its value. \layout Standard @@ -3768,7 +3907,11 @@ stringVar \layout Standard If you are following this chapter as a tutorial, add the previous two lines - and save the problem. + to your +\series bold +Script +\series default + and submit the changes for the problem. There's no need to view it; there's still no visible change. \layout Subsubsection @@ -3866,14 +4009,10 @@ Answer This means you can compute an answer to a question, which we'll see in a bit. If you set the answer of the question to be -\begin_inset Quotes eld -\end_inset - +\series bold $variable -\begin_inset Quotes erd -\end_inset - - (without the quotes), +\series default +, \series bold Save Changes \series default @@ -3885,7 +4024,7 @@ View \begin_inset Quotes eld \end_inset -3 +3.0 \begin_inset Quotes erd \end_inset @@ -3901,15 +4040,8 @@ With variables, you can store strings or Functions \series default allow you to manipulate these strings or numbers. - By stringing together a series of functions, you can do a lot. -\layout Standard - - -\series bold -Functions -\series default - work like mathematical functions: They take some number of arguments in, - and return one argument, usually a number or a string for our purposes. + Functions work like mathematical functions: They take some number of arguments + in, and return one argument, usually a number or a string for our purposes. There are a lot of functions available in LON-CAPA. You can see a complete list at http://mileva.lite.msu.edu/loncapadocs/homework/hom ework5.html. @@ -3919,13 +4051,13 @@ ework5.html. \begin_float fig \layout LyX-Code -$a = 3; +$a = -3.0; \layout LyX-Code $b = &sin($a); \layout LyX-Code -$c = &pow(3, &floor($a)); +$c = &pow(3.0, &abs($a)); \layout Caption Some Function Calls @@ -3954,20 +4086,19 @@ Script of other function calls as parameters. The \family typewriter -sin +&sin \family default function returns the sine of an angle expressed in radians. \family typewriter -pow +&pow \family default raises the first parameter to the power of the second parameter. \family typewriter -floor +&abs \family default - returns the nearest integer below the parameter, which since 3 is already - an integer is 3. + returns the absolute value of the argument. \layout Subsubsection Randomization @@ -3978,12 +4109,12 @@ Randomization \layout Standard -For LON-CAPA, one of the most importent functions is the +For LON-CAPA, one of the most important functions is the \family typewriter random \family default function. - Random takes three parameters, a + Random takes three parameters: a \emph on lower limit \emph default @@ -3998,7 +4129,7 @@ interval . The \family typewriter -random +&random \family default function returns a random value between the upper and lower limit, some integer number of @@ -4008,19 +4139,25 @@ interval 's away from the lower limit. Thus, for example, \family typewriter -&rand(1,2,.2) +&random(1,2,.2) \family default might return 1, 1.2, 1.4, 1.6, 1.8, or 2. +\family typewriter +&random +\family default + uses a uniform distribution. + Other distributions are available in LON-CAPA, and can be found by consulting + the function list. \layout Standard \begin_float fig \layout LyX-Code -$a = &random(1,10,1); +$a = &random(1.0,10.0,1.0); \layout LyX-Code -$b = &random(-10, -3, 1); +$b = &random(-10.0, -3.0, 1.0); \layout LyX-Code $answer = $a+$b; @@ -4074,7 +4211,7 @@ $answer , without the quotes for either of them. (It is a good idea to create a variable to hold the answer and call it - $answer. + $answer, or some other reasonably standard name. Do not try to compute the answer in the \series bold Answer @@ -4123,7 +4260,7 @@ Random Seed \series bold Script \series default -, you are no longer guarenteed to get the same problem.) +, you are no longer guaranteed to get the same problem.) \layout Standard If you're doing this as a tutorial, try a few random seeds to see what happens. @@ -4166,14 +4303,14 @@ Slope Problem Parameters \layout Standard When creating randomized problems, you want to make sure that the problems - always have an answer! Consider what might happen if I had chosen the two - slopes + always have an answer. + Consider what might happen if I had chosen the two slopes \emph on both \emph default with the expression \family typewriter -&rand(-1,1,.2) +&random(-1.0,1.0,.2) \family default . One out of ten students would get a problem where both slopes were equal, @@ -4184,18 +4321,13 @@ both There are many ways to avoid this, one of the easiest of which is picking one slope negative and one positive. This same problem can show up in many other places, too, so be careful. -\layout Standard - -LON-CAPA has functions for several common random distributions; consult - the function list at http://mileva.lite.msu.edu/loncapadocs/homework/homework5.html - for a complete list and parameter specification. \layout Subsection Units, Format \layout Standard Numerical Response problems can require units. - In the problem editting form, place the desired unit in the + In the problem editing form, place the desired unit in the \series bold Unit \series default @@ -4243,7 +4375,7 @@ Format \begin_inset Quotes eld \end_inset -2e +2E \begin_inset Quotes erd \end_inset @@ -4257,49 +4389,29 @@ Format \begin_inset Quotes erd \end_inset - will display three significant digit in traditional notation. - You can use any number that you want instead of -\begin_inset Quotes eld -\end_inset - -2 -\begin_inset Quotes erd -\end_inset - -. + will display two digits after the decimal point. \layout Subsection For More Information \layout Standard -It's always a good idea to look at other people's LON-CAPA problems, especially - those from the same discipline as your problems, and see what they are - doing. - -\series bold -Very often, the easiest way to create a new problem is to copy it and modify - the copy until it does what you need. - -\series default - The more complicated a problem is, the more time you'll save by doing this. - You may also find new ideas you can use and elaborate on in your problems. -\layout Comment - -Is there UI for this? Check. -\layout Standard - -The full power of the Perl is well outside the scope of this document. - Looking in the function list at http://mileva.lite.msu.edu/loncapadocs/homework/ho -mework5.html can give you some ideas. +The full power of Perl is well outside the scope of this document. + Looking in the function list at +\newline +http://mileva.lite.msu.edu/loncapadocs/homework/homework5.html +\newline +can give you some ideas. O'Reilly has some good Perl books. - The Perl 5 pocket reference will contain more then what you need to know - to use LON-CAPA, available at http://www.oreilly.com/catalog/perlpr3/ . + The Perl 5 Pocket Reference will contain more than what you need to know + to use LON-CAPA, available at +\newline +http://www.oreilly.com/catalog/perlpr3/ . \layout Standard If you have any problems, consult http://help.loncapa.org/fom/cache/5.html . If you don't find the answer to your problem, please help us expand the - FAQ by emailing us your question so we can answer it. + FAQ by submitting a new pending question. \layout Standard Our advanced users often come to prefer the XML interface for the problems, @@ -4389,38 +4501,56 @@ As you may know, it is extremely difficu If your answer and the student's answer agree at the sampling points within your given tolerance factor, the student's answer will be accepted, otherwise it will be rejected. -\layout Comment +\layout Subsubsection -What's up with the x,y@1,2:4,3#2 stuff? +Sampling Specifications \layout Standard -Formula Response problems are otherwise virtually identical to Numeric Response - problems. -\layout Subsubsection +To specify where to sample the formulas for determining whether the student's + answer is correct, you need to put a sampling specification in the +\series bold +Sample Points +\series default -Sample Point Specifications \begin_inset LatexCommand \index{Sample Points} \end_inset + field. + The sampling specifications takes the following format: +\layout Enumerate -\layout Standard +A comma separated list of the variables you wish to interpret, +\layout Enumerate -To specific the sample points, use the following format: -\layout Itemize +followed by +\begin_inset Quotes eld +\end_inset -a comma seperated list of the variables you wish to have sampled, -\layout Itemize +@ +\begin_inset Quotes erd +\end_inset -followed by an @ -\layout Itemize + (not in quotes), +\layout Enumerate -followed by a comma seperated list of values as long as your list of variables, - representing the sample points -\layout Itemize +followed by any number of the following two things, separated by semi-colons: +\begin_deeper +\layout Enumerate -optionally followed by a semi-colon, and more comma seperated lists as in - the previous item. +a comma separated list of as many numbers as there are variables, which + specifies one sampling point, OR +\layout Enumerate + +a comma separated list of as many numbers as there are variables, followed + by a colon, followed by another list of as many numbers as there are variables, + followed by a #, followed by an integer. +\end_deeper +\layout Standard + +The first form specifies one point to sample. + The second form specifies a range for each variable, and the system will + take as many random samples from that range as the number after the #. \layout Standard For @@ -4435,7 +4565,10 @@ x \begin_inset Quotes erd \end_inset -, one could specify +, one could specify +\layout Itemize + + \begin_inset Quotes eld \end_inset @@ -4443,29 +4576,88 @@ x@2 \begin_inset Quotes erd \end_inset - or +, which will sample the answers only at 2. + (This is generally a bad idea, as the student could get lucky and match + at that point) +\layout Itemize + + \begin_inset Quotes eld \end_inset -x@2;3;4;5 +x@1:5#4 \begin_inset Quotes erd \end_inset -. - (It is generally a good idea to give a few sample points.) For -\begin_inset Formula \( 2y^{3}+2x \) + will takes 4 samples from somewhere between 1 and 5. +\layout Itemize + + +\begin_inset Quotes eld +\end_inset + +x@1:5#4;10 +\begin_inset Quotes erd +\end_inset + + will takes 4 samples from somewhere between 1 and 5, and also sample at + 10. +\layout Standard + +For +\begin_inset Formula \( 2x^{2}+3y^{3} \) +\end_inset + +, which has two variables, one could specify +\layout Itemize + + +\begin_inset Quotes eld +\end_inset + +x,y@4,5:10,12#4;0,0 +\begin_inset Quotes erd \end_inset -, with two variables, one could specify +, which take four samples from the box determined by the points (4, 5) and + (10, 12), and also sample the point (0, 0). +\layout Subsubsection + +Formula Notes +\layout Itemize + +The formula evaluator can not handle things of the form \begin_inset Quotes eld \end_inset -x,y@1,2;1,3;2,3;2,2 +x + - y \begin_inset Quotes erd \end_inset . - + If you have a random variable that may be positive or negative (as in the + example following this section), you can try wrapping the references to + that variable in parenthesis. + As always, it is a good idea to try out several randomized versions of + your problems to make sure everything works correctly. +\layout Itemize + + +\series bold +Never use relative tolerance in Formula Response problems. +\begin_inset LatexCommand \index{tolerance, in formula response} + +\end_inset + + +\begin_inset LatexCommand \index{relative tolerance, in formula response} + +\end_inset + + +\series default + Relative tolerance is poorly defined in Formula Response problems. + Always use absolute tolerance. \layout Subsubsection Example Formula Response @@ -4481,104 +4673,86 @@ Script , place the following: \layout LyX-Code -$slope = random(1,5,.5); +$slope = &random(-5.0,5.0,.5); \layout LyX-Code -$yint = random(1,5,.5); -\layout Standard +$yint = &random(-5.0,5.0,.5); +\layout LyX-Code -In the -\series bold -Text Block -\series default -, place the following: +$answer = \begin_inset Quotes eld \end_inset -For a line with slope $slope and y-intercept $yint, what is y equal to? +$slope*x + ($yint) \begin_inset Quotes erd \end_inset - -\layout Standard +; +\layout Itemize In the \series bold -Answer +Text Block \series default , place the following: \begin_inset Quotes eld \end_inset -$slope*x + $yint +For a line with slope $slope and y-intercept $yint, what is y equal to? \begin_inset Quotes erd \end_inset -\layout Standard - -Set the Tolerence to 1%. -\layout Standard +\layout Itemize -Set the +In the \series bold Answer \series default - to -\begin_inset Quotes eld -\end_inset - -$slope * x + $yint -\begin_inset Quotes erd -\end_inset +, place the following: $answer +\layout Itemize -. -\layout Standard +Set the Tolerance to .000001. +\layout Itemize Set the \series bold Sample Points \series default to x@0,1,2,3 . -\layout Section +\layout Comment -Things That Need To Be Added -\layout Subsection +TODO: +\layout Comment -Creating a default metadata file -\layout Subsection +* Get sampling problem figured out +\layout Comment -My questions\SpecialChar \ldots{} +\SpecialChar ~ -\layout Itemize +\layout Comment -What is the LON-CAPA default resource? If it's free, can just anyone -\begin_inset Quotes eld -\end_inset +\SpecialChar ~ -find and use it -\begin_inset Quotes erd -\end_inset +\newline +\SpecialChar ~ -, or just -\begin_inset Quotes eld -\end_inset +\layout Comment -use it if they already know where it is -\begin_inset Quotes erd -\end_inset +Appendix A: Student Interface +\layout Comment -? (In other words, how powerful is the search feature?) What's the difference - between free and public? -\layout Itemize +\begin_float fig +\layout Standard +\align center -How do I look at a map? (Must be part of course?) -\layout Section +\begin_inset Figure size 152 353 +file studentInterface.eps +flags 9 + +\end_inset -Appendix A: Student Interface -\layout Standard -\begin_float fig \layout Caption Student Remote Control @@ -4592,61 +4766,53 @@ The Student Remote Control will automati a LON-CAPA course as a student. The Student Remote Control contains most of the functions of the Author Remote Control and the following additional functions. -\layout Itemize +\layout Comment \series bold NAV (NAVIGATE CONTENTS) \series default allows you to directly access resources from the course outline. -\layout Itemize +\layout Comment \series bold ARROWS (LEFT and RIGHT) \series default allows you to move to the backward or forward through the course. -\layout Itemize +\layout Comment \series bold GRDS (MY GRADES) \series default allows you to check your grades in the courses you are taking. -\layout Itemize +\layout Comment \series bold SBKM (SET BOOKMARK) \series default allows you to bookmark pages for easy access. -\layout Itemize +\layout Comment \series bold VBKM (VIEW BOOKMARK) \series default displays your bookmarks for easy access to bookmarked resources. -\layout Itemize +\layout Comment \series bold ANOT (ANOTATE) \series default allows you to create personal notes. -\layout Itemize +\layout Comment \series bold LOGOUT (LOGOUT) \series default will log you out of the LON-CAPA system. -\layout Standard - - -\begin_inset LatexCommand \printindex{} - -\end_inset - - \the_end